对外汉语拼音教学(英文版)

PUTONGHUA

1.Putonghua is the common language of the Han ethnic group in China. It's standard Chinese language. It's Mandarin and official. It's based on Beijing phonetics and the dialect of the northern China.

2.The Chinese language is divided into seven major dialects. Speakers of different dialects in some cases cannot understand each other, but dialects are unified by the fact that they share a common script. The seven Chinese dialects are Northern dialect, Wu dialect, Xiang dialect, Gan dialect, Min dialect, Hakka(spoken in northern Guangdong and other provinces) and Cantonese.

3.Min, Hakka and Cantonese are widely spoken among overseas Chinese communities. In Taiwan a form of Min dialect is used, though the official language is Mandarin. Mandarin is also widely used in Singapore, where it's known as Huayu. Cantonese is mainly used in Hongkong, Macao and Guangdong province.

4.There are two system in written Chinese. One is simplified, the other is traditional. The simplified is used in Mainland. The traditional is used by H.k. Macao, Taiwan and overseas Chinese communities.

How do we learn pinyin well?

1.Today we will learn pinyin.

2.What is pinyin? Pinyin is the mark of phonetic notation for Chinese characters. It's made of three parts: initials, finals and tones.

3.For example, pĭnyīn, nĭ hǎo, xièxiè, zaìjìan

4.After learn three parts, we should be able to pronounce every single word.

5.How do we learn pinyin?

We divide our pinyin class into 10 classes.

In the first or second class, firstly recognize all (three parts). Secondly, practice group by group. Thirdly, do some exercises. Steps: ①带读②解释③方法④放弃

Mistakes：①发音部位②发音方法③莫名其妙

ü的读法：i→üFirst, try to pronounce "i", and then your tongue stays here,gradually purse your lips.Try it yourself.

ü的标调方法：When you see j q x y initial goes with ü, you can see u.

INITIALS AND FINALS

Initial Sounds:(22)

These initial letters have the same pronunciation as in English:(f,l,m,s,(w),(y))•m-- (as in "man") n-- (as in "no") l-- (as in "letter")

•f-- (as in "from") s-- (as in "student") w-- (as in "woman")

The following initial letters have slight differences as noted below. If the comment calls for a strong puff of breath, old your open hand several inches from your mouth and make certain that you can actually "feel" the breath as you pronounce the letter.

•p-- (as in "pun" or "pop") note: use a strong puff of breath

•k-- (as in "cop") note: use a strong puff of breath

•t-- (as in "top") note: use a strong puff of breath

•b-- (as in "bum") note: no puff of breath

•d-- (as in "dung") note: no puff of breath

•g-- (as in "good") note: no puff of breath

•h-- (as in "hot") note: slightly more aspirated than in English The following initial letters are the more difficult for English speakers:

•z--(as in "friends")

•c--(as in "bits")

•s--(almost the same as the pronounce of "s' in English)

•zh-- (as in "judge")

•ch-- (as in "church", but with a strong puff of breath)

•sh-- (as in "shirt")

•r-- (as in "run")

•j-- (as in "jeep")

•q-- (like the "ch" in "cheese")