2011年考研英语复习
2011考研英语大纲解析及复习建议
比对2011年和2010年的考纲不难发现，在去年的基础上，今年的新大纲未做任何调整和变化，而且自2005年英语考研大纲做过较大的调整以来，在时至今日的总计七个考研英语大纲出炉的年头里，考纲一直秉承了稳定性和连续性，只在去年有过局部微调，并没有实质性的重大变化，这对广大考生来说是一个非常好的态势，同学们如有考研的打算，越早启动英语复习越好，完全没必要去受新考纲的钳制。
B节：考生根据提示信息写出一篇160-200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表、等。考生在答题卡2上作答。总分20分。
二、考研英语(一)应对策略
既然2012的考研大纲同学已熟稔了，接下来就应该做好自己的复习规划，消除疑虑，紧扣大纲的要求，踏实有效的投入到紧张的复习当中。通过对广大考生的调研，同学们在考纲出来后，在自己的学习上普遍存在以下的问题，下面就通过这些问题的答疑解惑，以便同学们对症下药的做好复习安排。
3. 怎样制定出合理的复习计划划?具体的复习内容怎样安排?
答：(1)每天花至少1小时浏览已背过的考研词汇，强化已记忆单词、查漏补缺记忆模糊词汇;(2)每天做四篇阅读理解，第一遍在做题时，注意做题的时间和速度;而重点在第二遍的反馈和消化上，在第二遍中要消化理解阅读中的盲点词汇、难点句式，要彻底搞清每题的正确答案成立的原因;(当然有些同学基础较薄弱，在现阶段保证每天做并消化两篇阅读理解即可)(2)配合辅导班老师授课内容，研习完形填空复习指南方面的书籍;每周做至少三篇完型填空试题，做完型对强化提高自己的英语基础帮助极大;(3)配合辅导班老师授课内容，研习翻译复习指南方面的书籍，每周花总计3小时熟练翻译的考查形式，常考句式，打牢做翻译试题应具备的基础;(4)配合辅导班老师授课内容，每周看两篇短文写作范文，可以把写作范文当作精读材料去消化，学习其遣词造句、谋篇思路。
2011年考研英语阅读复习应把握的四个要点
做考研阅读理解题的第一步就是要纵览全文，掌握要义，这是做题的前提和基础。
需要注意的是，考生在阅读过程中既不能太钻牛角尖弄懂每一个词和每一句话意思，又要保证自己能够充分理解大义。
这个程度的把握是非常微妙的，需要经过许多的练习才能根据自己的实际情况具体把握。
同时，考研阅读理解的文章一般都会有比较清晰的行文脉络，掌握这些规律也会有助于对文章整体的把握，甚至还可以帮助考生预见文章中可能会出现的观点和发展方向。
常见的行文脉络有以下几种： 一般--具体：文章开头先提出一个总的抽象的概念或者观点，接下来的各个段落具体说明第一段的观点，把抽象的概念具体化到一些事件上。
具体--一般：文章开头提出一个具体的问题或者事件，接下来几段从各个方面分别说明，最后一点进行总结并把观点抽象到一般的层面。
时间顺序：这种行文脉络出现在自然科学类的文章中比较多，一般通过时间先后顺序来说明某一种理论的发展或者某一项研究的进展程度。
对比：这类文章的主要目的在于对比两种观点、两个事物的共同点或者差异等。
在了解以上阅读理解文章的组织规律后，在做阅读理解题的过程中，更应把握以下几个要点： 要点一：有一支不闲着的笔，及时记录 在第一次阅读文章的时候，考生千万不要以阅读休闲文学作品的心态去看待文章，而一定要充分调动自己所有的感官集中精力去阅读，而且手也不能闲着，在考试时带上几支好用的铅笔，随时在文章中做标记，标记的形式可以随意、以自己习惯为好，这样以便于在做题的时候能够快速定位文章对应内容，节省了寻找的时间。
要点二：抓住重点部分 首先，要重视首末段，尤其是首段，因为一般文章的主旨就出现在首段，是出题频度相当高的一个段落。
最后一段中可能会有作者的总结论述，因此也与文章的中心思想紧密相关。
其次，要在每个段落的第一句话上放慢速度、仔细研读，因为段落的首句一般都是该段主要意思的概括，考生应该在相关内容上做好标记。
此外，如果碰到长难句，考生也要做好相应的标记，因为长难句也是出题的高频处。
从2011考研英语大纲透析考研英语
从2011考研英语大纲透析考研英语(一)2011年英语考研大纲已公布，呈现出大体稳定、局部微调的趋势。
下面结合最新大纲，深度分析考研英语的命题方向和趋势，帮助考生更加清楚地了解考题特点，准确把握2011年的备考方向。
一、词汇和语法《2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲》对词汇的评价目标是：“除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
在考研的整个复习过程中，词汇应该始终是重点，甚至在考研前夕，仍需要对薄弱环节的单词进行浏览和回忆。
所以建议考生每天都能花一点时间放在单词复习上。
只有深入细致和反复的单词复习，才能打下坚实的词汇基础。
要熟练掌握大纲里面高频出现的核心词汇，最好能把词汇放在适合于考研难度的语言信息、文章中去记忆，同时要引申到每个单词的同义反义，各种词性的形式以及所含词缀等，这样不仅记忆了词汇的含义，而且掌握了词汇的用法，对词汇才会有全面深入的把握。
关于语法，2011考研英语大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，只是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
考研虽然没有专门的题型考查语法，但实际上任何题型都要涉及语法，完形填空要求掌握一定的语法知识、句式结构；阅读文章无时无刻不渗透对句式复杂的长难句的理解；翻译题这几年的趋向更是越来越侧重考核结构偏长偏难的句子，这说明如果对语法结构的掌握不够熟悉，就难以达到考研要求，难以在考试中取得好成绩。
所以在复习中应当注重语法的学习。
其实高中英语已经覆盖了基本的语法知识，后期只要在复习考研各种题型时对语法查漏补缺进一步融会贯通，就可以达到考研语法的要求。
二、英语知识运用英语知识运用作为试题里的第一种考试题型，主要“考查考生综合运用所学词汇和语法知识的能力”。
2011考研最后冲刺阶段复习 — 英语
这个时侯的单词应该不再是我们集中背诵的阶段了。
我们通过前期的记忆和阅读理解，单词应该都认识了吧。
冲刺阶段的复习重点在阅读的提高和写作上，并需要展开对完型和翻译的专项练习。
一、总体要求 11月—12月，还继续单项练习，打好各部分基本功； 12月—12月中旬开始做模拟练习，在规定时间内测试一下自己的水平，考后做细致批改点评，总结分析； 12月中旬—1月，回归真题，把真题的阅读再拿出来细致的看，特别关注其中的好词、好句、谚语，说不定就可以用在自己的文章中。
二、具体复习指导 1、阅读 一般来说，通过强化阶段的复习还有老师的课程，你应该掌握了阅读的答题技巧和应该注意的地方，并且，单词也应该到了大致能看懂文章和文章后面备选项的程度。
（如果没有，请你将学习时间延长，补一下相应的课程或者说是单词）。
那么这个阶段你主要的任务是什么呢？是提高命中率，整理阅读的答题思路，并在后期做一些模拟题。
你需要回头看一下那些你以前做不对的题目，重点对以前没有答对的题目进行分析。
在强化阶段，我们预留了最近几篇阅读理解的真题没有做，也是需要在这个时候我们进行模拟训练的。
这个时候的模拟你可以参考正规考试来进行，所以一般在后期进行，那个时候写作和翻译我们已经都进行了一定的训练了。
这时候做阅读还是要慢点，要整理自己以前不容易想通的题目。
（1个小时） 2、写作 一定要在规定的时间内完成一篇完整的作文。
强化阶段的主要内容在于熟悉写作的各种思路，掌握一般的写作语句和方法，比如正反对比的写作应该怎么写，举例论证的写作应噶怎么写，首段一般如何开局等等。
冲刺阶段的复习在于要通过一定的写作练习，让你的手热起来，将这些思路和方法应用起来。
你尤其要注意到的是，这时候的写作一定要修改，并且要在平时通过熟读范文，有意识的应用那些你觉得好的语句，尽量减少模板痕迹。
通过冲刺阶段的复习，你要达到什么效果呢？你要能在规定的时间内将文章写出啦，没有大的语法错误，不能别别扭扭的。
2011考研英语复习全程规划
2011考研英语复习全程规划英语的学习是个长期积累的过程：单词的积累、语法的巩固、阅读水平的提高以及写作能力的加强都需要每日刻苦的学习和积累。
2011年考研英语的复习应该逐步展开了, 纵观全局, 将英语的全程复习分为下面几个阶段, 具体安排如下:第一阶段：夯实基础阶段（5月份之前）：任务内容：1. 将大纲要求的5500单词和常见的超纲单词750、短语和固定搭配870背3遍。
2. 将考研的写作核心词汇仔细过3遍。
3. 将考研语法融会贯通，理解记忆2遍。
4. 熟悉考研试题，了解其难度和各种题型。
5. 精读英语文章，熟悉英文写作思路，通过阅读记单词。
6. 通过考研长难句练习语法。
在记单词的同时，熟悉考研题型与难度。
在进入下一轮词汇背诵之前，应将本轮词汇认真复习1遍。
在背诵的同时，应该划掉已经掌握的单词。
每背一遍下一遍应背的词汇量就减少。
将时间和精力集中到不熟悉、需要加强的单词上。
1. 词汇是一切的基础，这是写作与做题的基础。
2. 根据科学，反复记忆，才能做到事半功倍。
3. 只有先了解考研作文要用的核心词汇才能会在需要时应用。
4. 语法是中国考试制度中不可忽视的一部分，是翻译的基础第二阶段：强化提高（专项练习）阶段（6月—8月）1.“温故而知新”。
2. 考研英语着重考察两种能力：一是通过单词和语法理解别人的思想，即阅读理解；二是通过单词和语法表达自己，即写作。
第一阶段正是第二阶段的基础。
3. 只有亲自下笔写，才能体会写作的真谛。
做到下笔如有神。
第三阶段：模考阶段（9——11月）1.通过套题的练习, 将前一阶段的专项练习进行强化和整理。
2.通过练习精益求精。
第四阶段：冲刺阶段(12月)1.通过研究真题，获得解题技巧。
2.通过练习精益求精。
第五阶段：点睛阶段(1月)1. 模拟题是非常必要的，只有通过做仿真的模拟题和冲刺题才能提高解题技巧。
2. 单词的巩固与提高要坚持到考研的最后阶段3. 预测作文很重要; 范文的背诵有助于考生掌握考研作文最后的脉搏。
2011英语一考研真题答案+解析
2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as“a bodily exercise precious to health.”But ---_____some claims to the contrary,laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does _____short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,____heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to____,a good laugh is unlikely to have_____benefits the way,say,walking or jogging does.____,instead of straining muscles to build them,as exercise does,laughter apparently accomplishes the____, studies dating back to the1930’s indicate that laughter.muscles,Such bodily reaction might conceivably help____the effects of psychological stress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of______feedback,that improve an individual’s emotional state. ______one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted_______physical reactions.It was argued at the end of the19th century that humans do not cry______they are sad but they become sad when te tears begin to flow.Although sadness also_______tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow_____muscular responses.In an experiment published in1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to____a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile–or with their lips，which would produce a（n）_____expression.Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown，_______that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around____，the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1．[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like2．[A]reflect[B]demand[C]indicate[D]produce3．[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing[D]determining4．[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe5．[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable[D]renewable6．[A]In turn[B]In fact[C]In addition[D]In brief7．[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected8．[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes9．[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance10．[A]physical[B]mentl[C]subconscious[D]internal11．[A]Except for[B]According to[C]Due to[D]As for12．[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at13．[A]unless[B]until C]if[D]because14．[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses15．[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]beyond16．[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold17．[A]disappointed[B]excited[C]joyful[D]indifferent18．[A]adapted[B]catered[C]turned[D]reacted19．[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning[D]supposing20．[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly[D]ConverselySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in2009.For the most part,the response has been favorable,to say the least.“Hooray!At last!”wrote Anthony Tommasini,a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise,however,is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.Even Tommasini,who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times,calls him“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez,that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part,I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one.To be sure,he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions,but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall,or anywhere else,to hear interesting orchestral music.All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf,or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.For the time,attention,and money of the art-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the20th century.There recordings are cheap,available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances;moreover,they can be“consumed”at a time and place of the listener’s choosing.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record.Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted:Alex Ross,a classical-music critic,has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into“a markedly different,more vibrant organization.”But what will be the nature of that difference?Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough.If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed,they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21.We learn from Para.1that Gilbert’s appointment has[A]incurred criticism.[B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim.[D]aroused curiosity.22.Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23.The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24.According to the text,which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25.Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic,the author feels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August,his explanation was surprisingly straight up.Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses,he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.”Broadcasting his ambition was“very much my decision,”McGee says.Within two weeks,he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run.It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations.And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure,executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on.A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold,deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net.In the third quarter,CEO turnover was down23%from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had,according to Liberum Research.As the economy picks up,opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached.Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly.Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age,saying she wanted to be a CEO.It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange.Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in2005with ambitions to be a CEO.He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers.The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.“The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,”says one headhunter.“The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26.When McGee announced his departure,his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27.According to Paragraph2,senior executives’quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28.The word“poached”(Line3,Paragraph4)most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30.Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs:Where to Go?[B]CEOs:All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top PerformersText3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for.No longer.While traditional“paid”media–such as television commercials and print advertisements–still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media.Consumers passionate about a product may create“owned”media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products.For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users’responses.But in some cases,one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media–for instance,when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.This trend,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson&Johnson,for example,has created BabyCenter,a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products.Besides generating income,the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective,gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’marketing,and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more(and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker,more visible,and much more damaging ways.Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers,other stakeholders,or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product.Members of social networks,for instance,are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens,passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.In such a case,the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful,and the learning curve has been steep.Toyota Motor,for example,alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign,which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create“earned”media when they are[A]obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B]inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C]eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D]enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32.According to Paragraph2,sold media feature[A]a safe business environment.[B]random competition.[C]strong user traffic.[D]flexibility in organization.33.The author indicates in Paragraph3that earned media[A]invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B]can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C]may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D]deserve all the negative comments about them.34.Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of[A]responding effectively to hijacked media.[B]persuading customers into boycotting products.[C]cooperating with supportive consumers.[D]taking advantage of hijacked media.35.Which of the following is the text mainly about?[A]Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B]Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C]Dominance of hijacked media.[D]Popularity of owned media.Text4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful,provocative magazine cover story,“I love My Children,I Hate My Life,”is arousing much chatter–nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling,life-enriching experience.Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable,Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness:instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy,we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard,Senior writes that“the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.There are also stories about newly adoptive–and newly single–mom Sandra Bullock,as well as the usual“Jennifer Aniston is pregnant”news.Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation,is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing?It doesn’t seem quite fair,then,to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world:obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course,the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic,especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.No shock there,considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on;yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it,raising a kid on their“own”(read:with round-the-clock help)is a piece of cake.It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous:most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience,in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting“the Rachel”might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A]temporary delight[B]enjoyment in progress[C]happiness in retrospect[D]lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph2that[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D]having children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph3that childless folks[A]are constantly exposed to criticism.[B]are largely ignored by the media.[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph4,the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A]soothing.[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory.[D]misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraph are given in a wrong order.For Questions41-45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)[A]No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities.You can, Mr Menand points out,became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four.But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years.Not surprisingly,up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B]His concern is mainly with the humanities:Literature,languages,philosophy and so on.These are disciplines that are going out of style:22%of American college graduates now major in business compared with only2%in history and4%in English.However,many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses.But most find it difficult to agree on what a“general education”should look like.At Harvard,Mr Menand notes,“the great books are read because they have been read”-they form a sort of social glue.[C]Equally unsurprisingly,only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school.There are simply too few posts.This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects:English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in1970-71than they did20years later.Fewer students requires fewer teachers.So,at the end of a decade of theses-writing,many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D]One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools.Many students experience both varieties.Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law,medicine or business,future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E]Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation,top American universities have professionalised the professor.The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between1960and1990,but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll.Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career:as late as1969a third of American professors did not possess one.But the key idea behind professionalisation,argues Mr Menand,is that“the knowledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable.”So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge,but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F]The key to reforming higher education,concludes Mr Menand,is to alter the way in which“the producers of knowledge are produced.”Otherwise,academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study,investigate and criticize.”Academic inquiry,at least in some fields,may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.”Yet quite how that happens,Mr Menand dose not say.[G]The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas:Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree.They may then decide to go elsewhere.For something curious has been happening in American Universities,and LouisMenand,a professor of English at Harvard University,captured it skillfully.G→41.→42.→E→43.→44.→45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)With its theme that“Mind is the master weaver,”creating our inner character and outer circumstances,the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.(46)Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter,we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless;this allows us to think one way and act another.However,Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and(47)while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone,in reality we are continually faced with a question:“Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?”Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire,Allen concluded:“We do not attract what we want,but what we are.”Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement;you don’t“get”success but become it.There is no gap between mind and matter.Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that“Circumstances do not make a person,they reveal him.”(48)This seems a justification for neglect of those in need,and a rationalization of exploitation,of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.This,however,would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument.Each set of circumstances,however bad,offers a unique opportunity for growth.If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people,then humanity would never have progressed.In fat,(49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been“wronged”then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.Nevertheless,as any biographer knows,a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Allen’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves.(50)The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us;where before we were experts in the array of limitations,now we become authorities of what is possible.SectionⅢWritingPart A51.Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1)recommend one of your favorite movies and2)give reasons for your recommendationYour should write about100words on ANSWER SHEET2Do not sign your own name at the end of the er“LI MING”instead.Do not writer the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160---200words based on the following drawing.In your essay,you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain it’s intended meaning,and3)give your comments.Your should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)2011年考研英语真题答案解析Section I Use of English1.【答案】[C]【解析】语义逻辑题。
2011年考研复习计划
复习过程中的注意事项
计划制定出来很容易，但是要注意计划的跟进。 学习态度上做到自律，高效，每天切实保证相 应的学习时间并有质量的完成相应的学习计划； 每天晚上在睡前，大家最后都做一下总结，拿 一个本子记录一下今天计划完成的情况，出现 的问题，以便第二天在复习中有所改进。
复习过程中的注意事项
在整个复习的过程中， 你要始终保持对自己当 前水平的清醒认识，以对症下药。 复习后期，可利用做考研真题或模拟题 考研真题或模拟题(在限定 考研真题或模拟题 时间内完成)来摸清自己的水平，再据此有针对 性地规划整体复习进度。每隔一段时间即可重 复上述步骤，并根据当前水平调整复习计划。
语法长难句复习技巧和方法
3. 语法所囊括的内容远远大于长难句. 语法基础扎实的考生可以略去专门的语法复习这 个环节，可通过对专项的长难句复习 专项的长难句复习来提高自 专项的长难句复习 己的语言 功底、增强自己语篇的理解能力。 英语基础一般、薄弱的考生不可把语法复习和长 语法复习和长 难句的攻克合二为一，如果没有扎实的语法基 难句 础，直接就进入长难句的训练，就会感到费时 费力，而且对语句分析与理解的能力没有显著 的提高
单词、 单词、语法和阅读复习建议
现阶段的复习重点是单词、语法和阅读，在复 单词、语法和阅读 单词 习时应注意运用一些技巧和策略 技巧和策略，以便达到最 技巧和策略 佳的复习效果。
单词复习技巧和方法
a. 循环记忆法 记单词必须采取循环的方法。间隔复习的效果 要胜过集中记忆。在第一次记忆单词时，一定 要弄懂意思，准确记忆。几个小时后，再巩固 一遍。次日抽出时间，再看一看。一周后再强 化记忆一 遍，平时把单词本带在身边，一有时 间就拿出来看一看。通过这种抽空记并反复记 忆，效果会更好。
2011年考研英语答案及解析
2011年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)参考答案Section I Use of English1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．CSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A21.C 22.B 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B31.D 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.C 37.C 38.D 39.D 40.BPart B41.B 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.FPart C Translation46. 艾伦的贡献在于提出了我们大家都认同的假设——我们不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思维——并且指出了这个假设是错误的。
47. 虽然仅通过显意识就能能够保持控制的错觉，但实际上我们一直面临着一个问题，那就是“为什么我不能设法完成这样或那样的事情。
48. 这似乎可能为必要时的忽视而正名，也能合理说明剥削，以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于低层人们的劣势感。
49. 环境似乎是为了挑选出我们的强者，如果我们感觉受了委屈，那么我们就不可能有意识的做出努力逃离我们原来的处境。
50. 正面意义在于我们了解任何事情都取决于我们自己，之前我们受到一系列的限制，而现在我们成了权威。
Section III Writing51．小作文参考范文小作文范文一：Dear friend,I am writing, without hesitation, to share one of my favorite movies, Forest Gump, with you, which is not only conducive to your study, but also beneficial to your life.For one thing, the beautiful language in this original English movie may contribute to your study of English in listening, speaking, reading and writing. For another thing, the profound cultural elements implicit in the scene will equip you with foreign cultural background and, above all, enrich your daily life.W ould you like to see this movie after my recommendation? Remember to tell me your opinion about the movie. I am looking forward to your early reply.Y ours,Li Ming小作文范文二：Dear friend,Recently, a lot of new movies are on show, among which I love If Y ou Are The One most. Now I am recommending this movie to you for the reasons listed below.First of all, it has powerful cast which appeals to my attention. In addition, the classic and thought-provoking language makes it irresistible to all fans. Above all, the deep revelation of love touches my soul opens my mind.I am convinced that you are willing to see this movie after my enthusiastic recommendation. Remember to write and tell me how you feel. I am looking forward to your early reply.Y ours sincerely,Li Ming52．大作文参考范文The terrible scene depicted in the cartoon shows that some people in our life still lack the awareness of environmental protection. The picture illustrates that two tourists are chatting and eating happily on a boat and casually throwing their rubbish into the lake which is full of litter and waste. The drawing sets us thinking too much due to its far-reaching influence.Nowadays, though the awareness of protecting environment is being accepted bymore and more people, we can still see many unpleasant scenes especially in scenic spots. Why does this phenomenon arise? Many factors are accounting for it. First and foremost, to some people, the consciousness of protecting environment is still not so strong. They may not think it is a big deal to thro w rubbish everywhere. In addition, the environmental management system isn’t so satisfying. For example, in some places there’re few regulations or the implementation is seldom performed actually.From what has been discussed above, it is urgent to take some effective and relative measures. In the first place, we should continue to conduct more propaganda in communities and schools so as to let people realize the importance of protecting environment. In the second, more rules should be made and carried out by the ** to restrain the conduction of destroying environment. People should work together to create clean and beautiful surroundings.本文从法硕联盟论坛 转载原文链接：/thread-107120-1-1.html2011年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek phil osopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparentlyaccomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief7．[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes9．[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal11．[A]Except for [B]According to [C]Due to [D]As for12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at13．[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because14．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses15．[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond16．[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold17．[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reacted19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]ConverselySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The decision of the New Y ork Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit A very Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. Thererecordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has b een widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orches tra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert’s appointment ha s[A]incurred criticism.[B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim.[D]aroused curiosity.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25. Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at A von and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get th e nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t t hink of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs: Where to Go?[B]CEOs: All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top Performers法硕联盟论坛下载转载原文链接：/thread-107119-1-1.html Text 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media – such as television commercials and print advertisements – still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media , such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend ,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companie s concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, otherstakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a ca se, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create “earned” media when they are[A] obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media feature[A] a safe business environment.[B] random competition.[C] strong user traffic.[D] flexibility in organization.33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D] deserve all the negative comments about them.34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of[A] responding effectively to hijacked media.[B] persuading customers into boycotting products.[C] cooperating with supportive consumers.[D] taking advantage of hijacked media.35. Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media.[D] Popularity of owned media.Text 4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter –nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive –and newly single –mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoke d to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are theleast happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A]temporary delight[B]enjoyment in progress[C]happiness in retrospect[D]lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D]having children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks[A]are constantly exposed to criticism.[B]are largely ignored by the media.[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A]soothing.[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory.[D]misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. Y ou can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But mos t find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”-they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor’s degr ees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewerstudents requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind profession alisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the knowledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable.”So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.”Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticize.”Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.”Y et quite how that happens, Mr Menand dose not say.[G] The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.G →41. →42. →E →43. →44. →45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Y our translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature. Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are.” Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t “ get”success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.\Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.” (48) This seems a justificat ion for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.This ,however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fat, (49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Allen’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and2) give reasons for your recommendationY our should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2。
2011年考研英语笔记
2011年考研英语笔记2011年考研英语笔记第一部分考研英语试卷结构一、试卷结构=?=?=??=?)20()10(1025Tr 31025)(240254)(1)105.020(PartB PartA Writing anslating part Part Intensive Part Weading Cloze ）（新题型二、复习顺序：97—2000（六月份之前）—01—04—05—07（十月份之前）—08、09、10三、复习指南--技巧句子词汇《刘毅文》）六月份之前完成（参考短语单词单词实力分数100055005500第二部分词汇1、连词：and / but / or / as well as / both and / either or / not only...but also2、副词:[adverb] 起修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词。
A 副词的种类1) 时间和频度副词:now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,lastday,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, finally,shortly,before, ago,sometimes, yesterday . once ，twice2) 地点副词:here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back,forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.3) 方式副词:carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly4) 程度副词:much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly, hardly.5) 疑问副词:how, when, where, why.6) 关系副词:when, where, why .7) 连接副词:therefore,moreover,however,otherwise,then.B、副词的作用和位置副词在句中可作状语，表语，补语。
考研英语一2011年text2
【主题】考研英语一2011年text2解析【内容】1. 首先介绍2011年考研英语一的题型和要求。
2011年考研英语一共有两篇文章，分别是text1和text2，其中text2为阅读理解部分，文章为一篇社会科学类的文章，要求考生根据文章内容回答问题和完成填空。
2. 然后对text2的内容进行概要介绍。
text2是一篇关于社会科学研究方法的文章，主要讨论了定性和定量研究的不同特点和应用领域，以及两者之间的关系。
文章内容较为深奥，需要考生具有一定的阅读能力和理解能力。
3. 分析text2的题目设置和要求。
text2的题目主要包括对文章内容的理解和观点的分析，其中既有选择题也有填空题。
题目要求考生在较短的时间内对文章内容进行准确把握，并进行逻辑思维和推理，考验了考生的语言理解能力和逻辑分析能力。
4. 接着详细解读text2的内容。
文章主要围绕定性和定量研究展开讨论，首先介绍了定性研究的定义和特点，包括面对的对象、方法和应用领域，然后对定量研究进行了类似的介绍，并对比了两者的异同。
文章逻辑严谨，内容丰富，需要考生对社会科学研究方法有一定的了解和认识。
5. 对text2的题目类型进行分析，指出每一个题目所考察的内容和考查的能力，如理解能力、推理能力、逻辑分析能力等，帮助考生更好地应对考试。
6. 提出备考建议，包括对阅读理解能力的培养和提高，如多读一些社会科学类的文章，培养对社会科学研究方法的兴趣和了解，逻辑推理能力的训练，如多做一些逻辑推理题和阅读理解题，提高语言运用能力，如多背一些单词和短语，积累一些常用的表达方式等。
7. 总结全文，强调2011年考研英语一text2的重要性和难度，对考生有一定的挑战，但也是对考生能力的考验和提高，鼓励考生在备考过程中保持耐心和信心，努力提高自己的语言能力和解题能力，取得好成绩。
【结尾】希望通过以上解析，能够帮助考生更好地准备2011年考研英语一的阅读理解部分，取得满意的成绩。
2011年考研英语真题及答案详解
2011年考研英语真题及答案详解Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But ---__1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile –or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief7．[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes9．[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal11．[A]Except for [B]According to [C]Due to [D]As for12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at13．[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because14．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses15．[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond16．[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold17．[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reacted19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]ConverselySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the mo st part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to dois to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20thcentury. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must fir st change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert’s appointment has[A]incurred criticism.[B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim.[D]aroused curiosity.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential.[B]modest.[C]respectable.[D]talented.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25. Regard ing Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels[A]doubtful.[B]enthusiastic.[C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two w eeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on.A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven’t always la nded in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs: Where to Go?[B]CEOs: All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top PerformersText 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid” media – such as television commercials and print advertisements – still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned” media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media , such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend ,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the siteseem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create “earned” media when they are[A] obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media feature[A] a safe business environment.[B] random competition.[C] strong user traffic.[D] flexibility in organization.33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition.[D] deserve all the negative comments about them.34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of[A] responding effectively to hijacked media.[B] persuading customers into boycotting products.[C] cooperating with supportive consumers.[D] taking advantage of hijacked media.35. Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media.[B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media.[D] Popularity of owned media.Text 4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I loveMy Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter – nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.”The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive –and newly single –mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on the ir “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A]temporary delight[B]enjoyment in progress[C]happiness in retrospect[D]lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D]having children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks[A]are constantly exposed to criticism.[B]are largely ignored by the media.[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A]soothing.[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory.[D]misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part BDirections:The following paragraph are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”-they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: Englishde partments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universitieshave professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the knowledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable.”So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the producti on of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.”Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticize.”Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.”Yet quite how that happens, Mr Menand dose not say.[G] The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.G → 41. →42. → E →43. →44. →45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing.(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature. Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire,Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are.” Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t “ get” success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.\Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.” (48) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a r ationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.This ,however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fat, (49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Allen’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and2) give reasons for your recommendationYour should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the leter. User “LI MING” instead.Do not writer the address.(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160---200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain it’s intended meaning, and3) give your comments.Your should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)答案非官方，仅供参考Section I Use of English1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．CSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A21.C 22.B 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B31.D 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.D 40.BPart B41.B 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.FPart C Translation46. 我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。
2011年考研英语三大备考技巧
众所周知，考研是人生的一次重新洗牌和重大机遇，而在考研的四门课程中，英语成了许多考生前进征途上的一只凶猛拦路虎和十分困难的羁与障碍。
作为一名2010 年的考生，在这里跟大家交流一下英语复习的心得。
首先，我报了政数英全程，对我的帮助很大，尤其是宫东风老师讲的阅读部分，主要是详细分析历年考研英语试卷，又可以发现主要矛盾在于阅读(占 60%的分数)，故可谓：得阅读者得天下。
阅读的 60分细分为 Part A、 Part B 和Part C，其中 Part A为四篇阅读理解，占 40分，是阅读理解考试中的主战场。
技巧一：看懂 阅读理解其实主要考的是 “阅读 ”之后的 “理解 ”，所以，看得懂乃是第一项技巧。
任何一篇文章，若要能看懂它，至少需要两个条件：认识单词和看明白句子。
单词就像盖房的砖瓦，考研词汇大约为 5500个，这不是一个小数字，也并非三两天时间可以记住的，所以，考生必须先买一本考研英语词汇书进行系统、长期的学习和记忆。
(推荐《读真题记单词》，该书打破了传统考研词汇书按字母顺序排序的做法，而是采用历年真题作为单词出现频率的统计依据，将所有大纲单词及超纲单词按照历年真题出现的频率从高到低排列，而且全部按照考过的不同词义配不同的真题例句，可以使学生用最少的时间获得最好的学习效果)。
拿到词汇书之后，首先用大约一周的时间把这些单词中你根本不认识的挑出来，如 rear， tedious，deteriorate， plausible， jargon， isotope， ……，(因为这些单词你可能完全不认识，看到之后两眼漆黑，所以称之为 “黑 ”字)。
“黑 ”字是阅读的头一个障碍，单词不认识，句子当然看不懂，所以，消灭 “黑 ”字是当务之急。
(争取用一个月左右的时间消灭它们！) 考研词汇中，除 “黑 ”字外，还有大量意思非常明白的所谓 “白 ”字，如： able， benefit， culture，space， topic， ……。
2011考研英语历年真题重点词组与词汇
考研英语历年真题重点词组与词汇approach 接近，靠近解析：【注意】approach后面接地点、人物和目标时是及物动词，否则是不及物动词。
作及物动词时还可引申为研究，考虑，商洽等义，作名词时，可表示途径，态度等。
The time is approaching when we must be on board.我们上船的时间快到了。
area 地带，地区解析：【同】district，zone，region【辨析】area表示面积，地区（面积较大，但不指行政单位）如the area of your hand；region指在地理上有天然界限或有自己特色的一个单位，或自治区等行政单位，也可指领域（同sphere，realm）；district性质较region相近，但一般比region小，如县级区用district ；zone是个环绕区域，有严格的边界，如经济特区a recreation area 重新改建的地区tropical regions of South America 南美的热带地区a residential zone 居住区assessment 评估，估算，评价解析：动词assess【同】estimate, appraise, assess, evaluate这些词都表示对客体的重要性形成定论estimate暗示评价的主观性和不精确appraise 表示专业水准的评估,名词appraisalassess 表示为确定某物的应税价值而作出的权威估价evaluate 表示在确定价值时经过了深思熟虑，不一定是金钱价值assume 假定, 设想，担任; 承担; 接受解析：【同】suppose【辨析】suppose最不正式，表示根据一定证据作出的见解，assume用于逻辑推理，强调一种缺乏证据的结论，以检验某种建议。
authority 权威, 权力, 权势【pl.】当局, 负责人; 官方; 职权; 许可的权力根据, 凭据, 引证权威, 专家解析：the authorities of governmentauthor作者【衍】authorize，authorizationavailable 可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的解析：【衍】availability availably注意:一般在名词之后,the apple availablebenefit n.利益, 好处;vt.有益于, 有助于vi.受益解析：【同】profit advantage interest【辨析】advantage指有利条件，优势 take advantage ofbenefit兼指物质及精神的好处profit指利润interest指利息concept n.概念；观念consistent adj. 调和的, 坚固的（常与with连用）与…一致的解析：【助记法】-sist-表示坚持或力度，静态，构成【衍】consistencyconstitutional adj.构成的, 增强体质的, 宪法的, 拥护宪法的解析：【衍】constitute 组成constitution 宪法context n.上下文, 文章的前后关系解析：注意它常用比喻的意思，表示语境或环境。
2011年考研英语真题答案及解析
2011年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析文章出自2009年4月的《科学美国人》（Scientific American）,作者Steve Ayan,原文题目为How Humor Makes You Friendlier,Sexier：幽默如何使你更加有人缘且性感。
文章主要探讨了笑的作用以及情感和肌肉反应之间的相互关系。
第一段由古希腊哲学家亚里士多德的观点引出“笑是有益于健康的身体运动”。
第二、三段承接上文，阐述了笑能放松肌肉，从而帮助减轻心理紧张的程度。
第四段以在1988年公布的一项实验为例论证了情绪是肌肉反应的结果，笑这一行为可以使心情好转。
二、试题解析1.[A]among在……之中[B]except除了[C]despite尽管[D]like像，如同【答案】[C]【考点】上下文逻辑关系+介词辨析【解析】第一段第一句意思是：古希腊哲学家亚里士多德把笑看作是“有益于健康的身体运动”，由连词but可知，第二句与第一句形成语义转折，即一些人提出相反的观点：笑不利于身体健康。
第二句逗号之后又提出：笑可能对身体健康几乎没有影响，这是对前两种观点的否定，由此判断第二句的句内逻辑是转折关系，[A]、[B]、[C]、[D]四个选项中只有[C]despite“尽管”表示转折，所以是正确答案。
2.[A]reflect反映[B]demand要求[C]indicate表明，预示[D]produce产生，引起【答案】[D]【考点】上下文语义衔接+动词辨析【解析】上下文语境是“笑确实能对心血管功能短期的改变”，具体说明笑对身体产生的影响。
所选动词要与后面的changes构成动宾关系，并且带有“发生……作用，产生……效果”的含义。
四个选项中[A]reflect“反映”，[B]demand“要求”，[C]indicate“表明，暗示”，[D]produce“产生”，只有[D]选项“产生、引起”符合本句语境，所以是正确答案。
2011年考研英语二text1
2011年考研英语二text1
摘要：
1.考研英语二的阅读理解题型及技巧
2.2011 年考研英语二Text1 的内容概括
3.Text1 的主题及其意义
正文：
一、考研英语二的阅读理解题型及技巧
考研英语二的阅读理解部分主要包括两类题型：事实细节题和推理判断题。
事实细节题要求考生根据文章的具体内容，从给出的选项中选择正确的答案。
推理判断题则要求考生在理解文章的基础上，根据文章的隐含意义进行推理判断。
为了提高阅读理解的准确性和效率，考生需要掌握一些基本的阅读技巧，如快速浏览、寻找关键词、排除法等。
二、2011 年考研英语二Text1 的内容概括
2011 年考研英语二T ext1 的主题是关于环保的一种新型材料。
文章主要介绍了这种新型材料的特点、生产过程以及在环保方面的应用。
这种材料具有轻便、耐用、易降解等优点，可以替代传统的塑料制品，减少环境污染。
三、Text1 的主题及其意义
Text1 的主题是环保，通过介绍一种新型的环保材料，传递了环保的理念和方法。
文章的意义在于提醒人们关注环境问题，积极采取行动，保护地球家园。
2011年考研英语复习笔记整理：完型填空
一、出题特点及测试要点 (一)特点： 1.首段首句不出题 2.做题特点：通过已知信息点寻求未知答案 3.体裁上的特点：议论文和说明文为主，多为议论文 4.结构特点：总分结构 5.完美性 (二)测试要点 1.阅读能力 (1)主题一定在首段首句 (2)上下句和上下段之间的逻辑关系 (3)分清楚句子的内部结构 2.英语知识运用的能力 (1)语法20%~30% (2)固定搭配 10% (3)词义辨析 60%~70% 形近词，同义词，搭配，专有名词 二、发展趋势 1.题量 2.题材 3.难度增加 三、解题步骤 1.整体通读：2~3分钟 2.按段精度：15分钟 3.通读检查 四、逻辑关系 1.并列关系 2.递进关系 3.让步关系 4.转折关系 5.因果关系 动词： 1.若动词为谓语可以看主语，注意主谓的搭配一致性 (1)看主语是人还是物 (2)看逻辑上的搭配是否合适 2.看宾语 (1)看宾语是抽象名词还是具体名词还是抽象具体名词 (2)从动词的及物或不及物上做题 3.从动词后的介词来确定动词,根据介词宾语来判断，介词宾语是人或是物 4.考虑句子中其它能对这个动词形成限制性修饰的成分 形容词： 1.当形容词做表语时，主要看主语，注意主表搭配的一致性。
主表关系：对等或修饰关系。
2.当形容词修饰名词时，要注意修饰关系的一致性 (1)当注意它的同指性 (2)褒贬色彩的一致性 3.当形容词修饰它后面的名词式。
该名词不仅受到所选该形容词的修饰也受到其他成分(其它形容词或定语从句)的修饰，这时答案要从其它形容词和定语从句中找。
4.当形容词在一个总体句时，答案可以通过总结分句得出。
5.当有副词对形容词进行修饰时，副词就是信息点 6.通过关联手段 名词： 1.名词做主语时，看主谓搭配或主系搭配的一致性 2.名词做宾语时，要看动宾搭配的一致性 3.介词前后出现的名词可以通过介词来判断 4.通过已有名词判断所学选名词，依据：褒贬色彩的一致性和语体色彩的一致性。
2011年考研英语高分复习经验
2011年考研英语高分复习经验2011年考研英语高分复习经验我很早就开始准备考研英语，大三上学期利用课余时间背单词、做阅读。
我是那种背单词书效率很低的人，我用电脑软件背单词。
先用一个叫Bdc的软件，是免费的。
很快花钱买了“我爱背单词8”系列软件，里面的智能大师单项我非常喜欢，我基本都是用这个背的。
它有单词库，每天有一定量的新词，还根据记忆曲线自动出现以前背的老词。
这样只要每天完成软件自动设定的当天任务，单词就可以比较高效的记背下来。
大家可以试一试，其它的软件大同小异。
缺点是记得不是特别牢，但为了应付考研考试，只能这样了。
前期的阅读训练非常重要，因为好的成绩一定是建立在好的英语水平之上的，其余的像什么应试技巧之类的，只能起辅助作用。
在前期时间充裕的时候，扎扎实实的提高英语水平才是最重要的。
暑假前不用涉及“考研”，只要背好单词，提高了英语水平，备考就会很轻松了。
我用了两个多月的时间，做完了石春贞的阅读220篇，收获颇丰。
这本书非常好，但大家一定要会用。
我经常看到有人骂这本书，说什么文章难得变态，单词超纲，题目垃圾，和真题差得远。
其实人家根本就不是针对考研设计的，它根本就不是考研模拟题，拿考研的标准要求它简直是扯淡。
这本书的文章确实难，复杂的句式和长句非常多，单词用法非常灵活，内容比较严肃而新鲜，有的涉及专业方面，这些恰恰可以针对考研英语的难点进行强化训练。
很多人失败在长难句，做完了这本书会发现真题中的长难句都能明白了。
考研英语中有些单词有活用，经常会在这里卡。
220篇里活用有很多，慢慢读多了，理解就比较顺畅了。
这本书还可以帮助大家积累阅读中的常识，辅助理解。
大家用这本书的时候，不要做题，我完全没有看题，也听说题目出的很怪异。
建议首先尽量自己弄懂每一句话的大体含义，以及文章的内容，时间不用计较，把不明白的句法、重要的单词、活用的词等可以用笔圈一下，方便对照翻译重点研究。
然后对照配套的全文翻译，一句一句的对应看，根据汉语意思，自己参悟英语中不太理解的地方，重要的可以做笔记等。
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2011年考研英语(一)考试大纲刚刚和同学们见面，现在第一时间对考纲进行全面、深入的剖析，以便广大考生能以考纲为准绳，有的放矢的进行卓有成效的考研英语复习。
一、2011年考研英语(一)考试大纲的变化特点说明
比对2011年和2010年的考纲不难发现，在去年的基础上，今年的新大纲未做任何调整和变化，而且自2005年英语考研大纲做过较大的调整以来，在时至今日的总计七个考研英语大纲出炉的年头里，考纲一直秉承了稳定性和连续性，只在去年有过局部微调，并没有实质性的重大变化，这对广大考生来说是一个非常好的态势，同学们如有考研的打算，越早启动英语复习越好，完全没必要去受新考纲的钳制。
今年的考纲依然从以下几个方面确定了考研英语的要求和侧重权重。
(一)考试形式
考试形式为笔试。
考试时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和答题卡。
答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。
考生应将1-45题的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将46-52题的答案写在答题卡2上。
(二)考题内容与试卷结构
试题分三部分，共52题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用
该部分不仅考察考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，而且还考察考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。
共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇240-280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的四个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
第二部分阅读理解
该部分由A,B,C三节组成，考察考生理解书面英语的能力。
共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。
A节(20小题)：主要考察考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，进行有关的判断、推理和引申，根据上下文推测生词的词义等能力。
要求考生根据所提供的4篇(总长度约1600词)文章的内容，从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
B节(5小题)：主要考察考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。
本部分由3种备选题型。
每次考试从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考察。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
备选题型有：
(1)本部分的内容是一篇总长度为500-600词的文章，其中有5段空白，文章后有6-7段文字。
要求考生根据文章内容从这6-7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。
(2)在一篇长度为500-600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。
要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落(7-8个)重新排序，其中有2-3个段落在文章中的位置已给出。
(3)在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6-7段文字或6-7个概括句或小标题。
这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或举例。
要求考生根据文章内容，从这6-7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。
C节(5小题)：主要考察考生准确理解概念或结构复杂的英语文字材料的能力。
要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个划线部分(约150词)译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
第三部分写作
该部分有A,B两节组成，考察考生的书面表达能力。
共30分。
A节：1)考生根据所给情节写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应运性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。
2)要求考生根据所提供的汉语文章，用英语写出一篇80~100词的该文摘要。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
总分10分。
B节：考生根据提示信息写出一篇160-200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)。
提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表、等。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
总分20分。
二、考研英语(一)应对策略
既然2012的考研大纲同学已熟稔了，接下来就应该做好自己的复习规划，消除疑虑，紧扣大纲的要求，踏实有效的投入到紧张的复习当中。
通过对广大考生的调研，同学们在考纲出来后，在自己的学习上普遍存在以下的问题，下面就通过这些问题的答疑解惑，以便同学们对症下药的做好复习安排。
1. 怎样抓好英语复习?
答：1)依据最新考研大纲的要求有效圈定所应掌握的知识范畴;2)备全所需的辅导书;3)制定出合理的复习计划;4)适用的辅导班的选择;5)最新考研动态和资讯的获得;6)做好情绪、身体调控，全身心投入到考研复习。
2. 新考纲出来后复习的重点是什么?
答：通常而言，随着新考纲的出炉，大多数同学的考研复习进入了第二个阶段，因此该阶段的重点是进行英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉、写作的专项训练;研究和掌握各类题型的命题特点及解题规律;训练在一定时间内有效完成相关题型的能力，当然在现阶段应在阅读和完形填空上投入的时间和精力多一些，而翻译和写作安排的复习时间应该相对少一些。
3. 怎样制定出合理的复习计划划?具体的复习内容怎样安排?
答：(1)每天花至少1小时浏览已背过的考研词汇，强化已记忆单词、查漏补缺记忆模糊词汇;(2)每天做四篇阅读理解，第一遍在做题时，注意做题的时间和速度;而重点在第二遍的反馈和消化上，在第二遍中要消化理解阅读中的盲点词汇、难点句式，要彻底搞清每题的正确答案成立的原因;(当然有些同学基础
较薄弱，在现阶段保证每天做并消化两篇阅读理解即可)(2)配合辅导班老师授课内容，研习完形填空复习指南方面的书籍;每周做至少三篇完型填空试题，做完型对强化提高自己的英语基础帮助极大;(3)配合辅导班老师授课内容，研习翻译复习指南方面的书籍，每周花总计3小时熟练翻译的考查形式，常考句式，打牢做翻译试题应具备的基础;(4)配合辅导班老师授课内容，每周看两篇短文写作范文，可以把写作范文当作精读材料去消化，学习其遣词造句、谋篇思路。
4. 我才开始复习考研，来得及吗?
答：只要方法正确，切中要害，保证学习效率，完全来得及。
对于刚起步复习考研的同学来说将重心放在词汇、长难句和阅读训练上，尤其要定个目标，在一定时间内彻底搞定考研词汇。
5. 考研复习有什么捷径吗?
答：有些考生在英语复习上不愿投入大量的时间和精力，总想找到一些捷径就能取得成功。
他们将时间不是花在打下扎实的英语基本功上，而是将时间花在寻找省时省力的考研方法、技巧上，甚至将希望全部寄托在考研辅导班上，认为只要听听课，不背单词，课下不做系统复习也行，这些做法其实不是在寻找考研英语复习的捷径而是在投机取巧。
要说英语复习的捷径就只能是建立在踏实复习的基础上，在打下扎实的基本功后，通过总结、反馈历年考研真题的特点，从中总结出每项题型的应答策略和科学有效的学习方法，更切中要害的投入到复习中。
6. 每天在英语学科上花多久的复习时间是科学的?
答：如果是在暑期之前就已启动了考研复习计划的同学，在暑期每天投入3.5小时足以，这3.5个小时的具体安排可参照我们刚才谈到的具体复习计划里的相关内容;而对于在暑期才开始启动考研复习计划的同学而言，每天应至少花5个小时复习，至少两个小时用来专门消化记忆考研词汇。
7. 记单词时，总是感觉前记后望，该怎么办啊?
答：前记后望是正常现象，指望一篇记住考研词汇是不大可能的，所以要循环记忆，而且要利用自己的零散时间在查漏补缺，重复是解决遗忘的最好办法。
同时可通过阅读，通过在语境中来强化巩固词汇记忆。
8. 单词已经复习完了，而且基本上都记住了，可在做阅读理解时还是感觉读不懂文章，该怎么办?
答：通常而言，单词都认识却还读不懂文章的原因有以下几方面：第一，英语基础较差，没有基本的断句能力，不能准确把握句子乃至篇章的意群;第二，不良的阅读习惯，在阅读时易走神、眼睛在读文章而思维没有同步运转起来;第三;背景知识较匮乏，由于对阅读理解的题材感到陌生致使对文章的话题感到艰涩难懂。
基于上述原因，建议同学们结合自己的实际情况，有针对性的提高自己的阅读能力：第一，进行专门的语法复习，提高自己分析句子理解句子的能力，从句子在到篇章进行循序渐进的训练和提高;第二，在平时的阅读中多习得一些科学的阅读方法并将其有意识地用运到自己的阅读训练中;第三，除了做专门的考研阅读理解试题以外，要有比较广的知识面。
考试中阅读文章的题材丰富多样，有涉及经济文化的，有关于社会科普的，还有涉及史地政治的等等。
这就要求我们平时通过大量阅读各种中、英文的报纸杂志以及书籍来了解各方面、各领域的知识。
9. 如何提高阅读能力?如何做阅读题才能达到最好的复习效果?
答：每天花半个小时进行范读。
范读的宗旨是要读懂文章的主旨大意及作者的观点、立场。
进行英语阅读训练，不但有文章数量上的要求，而且也包括扩大内容涉及的范围。
题材应涉及各个领域。
在做专门的阅读训练试题时，要有意识的不断强化对阅读题型的总结。
每一次每一套题做完，对完答案后，不要太留意分数，而应该侧重于总结和思考。
总结出符合自己思路、习惯的解题方法。