2012年12月四级听力真题

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2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版

2012年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.”By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you kno w where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。

英语四级听力真题

英语四级听力真题听力真题Section A News ReportDirections：In this section，you will hear three news reports。

At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Heavy floods.B) Safety concerns.C) Bad economy.D) Workers' strikes.2. A) It is competitive with its numerous tourist destinations.B) It provides many job opportunities for French people.C) It is the biggest concern of the French government.D) It plays an important role in the nation's economy.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) To carry out a scientific survey.B) To establish a new research station.C) To rescue two sick American workers.D) To deliver urgent medical supplies.4. A) The darkness and cold.B) The heavy snow and fog.C) The biting winds.D) The ice all around.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) By tying it to a door handle.B) By shaking it back and forth.C) With a remote control craft.D) With a full-sized helicopter.6. A) He has lots of fans on Facebook.B) He has rich experience in flying.C) He often suffers from toothaches.D) He has learned to pull teeth from a video.7. A) Spend more time together.B) Tell them adventure stories.C) Do something fun and creative.D) Play with them in a safe place.Section B ConversationDirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations。

2012年12月英语四级听力真题

2012年12⽉英语四级听力真题College English Test (Band 4)⼤学英语测试（4级）Part III Listening Comprehension听⼤理解Section AA章节Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.提示：在这个部分，你将听到8段短对话和2段⼤对话。

At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.在每段对话的结尾，会有⼤个或者多个关于所说内容的问题。

Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. 问题和对话都将只读⼤遍。

在每个问题后会有⼤个停顿。

During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) , and D) , and decide which is the best answer.在这个停顿期间，你必须阅读四个标了A、B、C和D的选项，并决定哪个是最佳答案。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.然后，在答题卡2上⼤⼤条线在相应字⼤的中间做记号。

Now let's begin with the 8 short conversations.现在让我们从8段短对话开始。

Question 11. W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom.问题11. W: 我听说城镇的最东部有⼤个美丽的花园，⼤⼤有很多盛开的玫瑰花。

2012年12月大学英语四级考试试题

2012年12月大学英语四级考试试题COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST—Band Four —Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.1. A) She can count on the man for help.B) She can lend the man a sleeping bag.C) She has other plans for this weekend.D) She has got camping gear for rent.2. A) The man should keep his words.B) Karen can take her to the airport.C) Karen always supports her at work.D) She regrets asking the man for help.3. A) His trip to Hawaii has used up all his money.B) He usually checks his brakes before a trip.C) His trip to Hawaii was not enjoyable.D) He can’t afford to go traveling yet.4. A) There was nothing left except some pie.B) The woman is going to prepare the dinner.C) The man has to find something else to eat.D) Julie has been invited for dinner.5. A) Send Professor Smith a letter.B) Apply to three graduate schools.C) Present a new letter of reference.D) Submit no more than three letters.6. A) He is a professional gardener in town.B) He declines to join the gardening club.C) He prefers to keep his gardening skills to himself.D) He wishes to receive formal training in gardening.7.A) Many people do not appreciate modern art.B) The recent sculpture exhibit was not well organized.C) Modern art cannot express people’s true feelings.D) Sculpture is not a typical form of modern art.8.A) Bob cannot count on her vote.B) She will vote for another candidate.C) Bob does not have much chance to win.D) She knows the right person for the position.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Poor management of the hospital.B) The outdated medical testing procedures.C) Decisions made by the head technician.D) The health hazard at her work place.10. A) Cut down her workload.B) Repair the x-ray equipment.C) Transfer her to another department.D) Allow her to go on leave for two months.11.A) They are virtually impossible to enforce.B) Neither is applicable to the woman’s case.C) Their requirements may be difficult to meet.D) Both of them have been subject to criticism.12.A) Organize a mass strike.B) Try to help her get it back.C) Compensate for her loss.D) Find her a better paying job.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A) In the preparatory phase.B) In the concluding part.C) In stating your terms.D) In giving concessions.14.A) He uses lots of gestures to help make his points clear.B) He presents his arguments in a straightforward way.C) He responds readily to the other party’s proposals.D) He behaves in a way contrary to his real intention.15. A) Both can succeed depending on the specific situation.B) The honest type is more effective than the actor type.C) Both may fail when confronting experienced rivals.D) The actor type works better in tough negotiations.Section BPassage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) The weight of the boxes moving across the stage.B) The number of times of repeating the process.C) The size of the objects shown.D) The shape of the cubes used.17. A) Girls seem to start reasoning earlier than boys.B) Girls tend to get excited more easily than boys.C) Boys enjoy playing with cubes more than girls.D) Boys pay more attention to moving objects than girls.18. A) It is a breakthrough in the study of the nerve system.B) Its findings are quite contrary to previous research.C) Its result helps understand babies’language ability.D) It may stimulate scientists to make further studies.19. A) They talk at an earlier age.B) Their bones mature earlier.C) They are better able to adapt to the surroundings.D) The two sides of their brain develop simultaneously.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) The city’s general budget for the coming year.B) The blueprint for the development of the city.C) The controversy over the new office regulations.D) The new security plan for the municipal building.21. A) Whether the security checks were really necessary.B) Whether the security checks would create long queues at peak hours.C) How to cope with the huge crowds of visitors to the municipal building.D) How to train the newly recruited security guards.22. A) Confrontational. B) Straightforward. C) Ridiculous. D) Irrelevant.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He considers himself a blessed man. C) He used to work as a miner in Nevada.B) He works hard to support his five kids. D) He once taught at a local high school.24. A) To be nearer to Zac’s school. C) To look after her grandchildren.B) To cut their living expenses. D) To help with the household chores.25. A) Skeptical. C) Indifferent. B) Realistic. D) OptimisticSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Mountain climbing is becoming a popular sport, but it is also a (26) ____________ dangerous one. People can fall; they may also become ill. One of the most common dangers to climbers is altitude sickness, which can affect even very (27) ____________ climbers.Altitude sickness usually begins when a climber goes above 8,000 or 9,000 feet. The higher one climbs, the less oxygen there is in the air. When people don’t get enough oxygen, they often begin to (28) ____________. They may also feel (29) ____________. Besides these symptoms of altitude sickness, others such as headache and (30) ____________ may also occur. At heights of over 18,000 feet, people may be climbing in a (31) ____________ daze (恍惚). This state of mind can have an (32) ____________ effect on their judgment.A few (33) ____________ can help most climbers avoid altitude sickness. The first is not to go too high too fast. If you climb to 10,000 feet, stay at that height for a day or two. Your body needs to (34) ____________ a high altitude before you climb to an even higher one. Or if you do climb higher sooner, come back down to a lower height when you sleep. Also, drink plenty of liquids and avoid tobacco and alcohol. When you reach your top height, do light activities rather than sleep too much. You breathe less when you sleep, so you get less (35) ____________.。

2012年专四听力与答案

2012年专四听力真题与答案PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two．SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation.l．The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers on A．product price．B．product quality．C．manufacturers．D．production methods．2．According to the conversation，an ethical shopper shouldA．ask for others’advice before buying things．B．consider the worth of something to be bought．C．postpone buying things whenever possible．D．search for things that are less costly．3．According to the conversation，ethical shoppers can be best described as A．shrewd．B．thrifty．C．extravagant．D．cautious．Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation．4．Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Mary?A．She is enjoying her language study．B．She is enjoying her management study．C．She is not feeling very well at the moment．D．She is not happy about her study pressure．5．What does Mary think of the course initially?A．It is useful．B．It is difficult．C．It is challenging．D．It is interesting．6．What is Mary’s problem of living in a family house?A．She dislikes the food she eats．B．She is unable to sleep well．C．She has no chance to make friends．D．She finds the rent high．7．Which of the following is Mr．Davies’advice?A．To try to make more friends．B．To try to change accommodation．C．To spend more time on English．D．To stop attending language classes．Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation．8．According to the conversation，the day is special becauseA．many people are surfing the net on that day．B．it is an anniversary of the internet．C．the net brought about no changes until that day．D．big changes will take place on that day．9．We learn from the conversation that peopleA．cannot Jive without the internet．B．cannot work without the internet．C．all use the internet to keep in touch．D．have varied opinions about internet use．10．At the end of the conversation．the speakers talk aboutA．the future of the internet．B．the type of office furniture．C．when changes will come．D．how people will use the internet．SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section，you will hear several passages．Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．11．In order to open a bank account，you need to produce____in addition to your passport．A．a library card B．a registration formC．a telephone bill D．a receipt12．Which of the following might NOT be included in the‘utility bill’?A．Rent．B．Gas．C．Water．D．Telephone．13．According to the passage，what can one do in the post office?A．Getting contact details．B．Obtaining tax forms．C．Paying housing rents．D．Applying for loans．Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．14．According to the passage，‘scheduling’means that youA．need to be efficient in work．B．plan your work properly．C．try to finish work ahead of time．D．know how to work in teams．15．According to the passage, one of the activities to relax could beA．protecting wild animals．B．spending time with your family．C．learning how to read efficiently．D．learning how to do gardening．16．One of the ways to reduce stress is toA．do better than anyone else．B．fulfill high ambitions in one's work．C．work and have reasonable aims．D．start with a relatively low aim．17．According to the passage，to reduce stress has something to do with the following EXCEPT A．one's position．B．one's interest．C．one's health．D．one's mood．Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．18．According to the passage，new words tend to come fromA．world politics．B．advances in science．C．areas of life．D．all the above．19．The passage explains the larger and richer vocabulary of English mainly from a viewpoint．A．historical B．culturalC．commercial D．colonial20．According to the passage，which of the following statements best describes the English language?A．It is outdated in grammar．B．It accepts new words from science．C．It has begun taking in new words．D．It tends to embrace new words．SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section，you will hear several news items．Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 21 and 22 are based OH the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news．21．Where was the marble statue found?A．Out in the sea．B．Inside a bath house．C．On a cliff along the coast．D．On the coast outside Jerusalem．22．Which of the following best describes the condition of the statue?A．It was incomplete．B．It was recent artwork．C．It was fairly tall．D．It was in pieces．Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item．you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．23．The rescue efforts concentrated mainly onA．the U．S．-Canada border B．snow-stricken regions．C．highways．D．city streets．24．According to the news，the last group of people might have been stranded in their vehicles for more than ____ hours before being rescued．A．24 B．25 C．40 D．48Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．25．According to the 2006 anti-smoking restrictions，smoking was NOT allowed in A．offices．B．restaurants．C．bars．D．school playgrounds．26．According to the news，which of the following groups reacts negatively to the new law?A．Television producers．B．Hotel owners．C．Medical workers．D．Hospital management．Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．27．According to the news，who first discovered the fraud?A．A client．B．A bank manager．C．The police．D．Bank headquarters．28．When did the bank employee hand himself in?A．A month before the fraud was discovered．B．A day before the fraud was discovered．C．A day after the police launched investigation．D．A month after he transferred the money．Question 29 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．29．What is this news item mainly about?A．How to open Hotmail accounts．B．How to retrieve missing e-mails．C．New e-mail service by Microsoft．D．Problems and complaints about e-mails．Question30 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．30．Compared with 2009，which of the following figures remained about the same in 2010?A．Number of tickets sold．B．Box office revenues．C．Attendance rate．D．Number of cinemas．Eco-tourismNowadays, many of us try to live in a way that would damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles; we take public transport to get to work; and we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables. And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more. Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following. First, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area. Second, they should benefit the local people. Third,they should make a profit without destroying natural resources, and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.SECTION A1-5. CBDDA 6-10. CBBDA;SECTION B11-15. CADBD 16-20. CADAD;SECTION C21-25. DACDA 26-30. BACDB。

2012年12月大学英语四级听力真题

SectionA Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11. A) Look for a more suitable job. B) Accept the extra work willingly. C) Trade places with someone else. D) Ask his boss for a lighter schedule. 12. A) He does not believe what the woman has told him. B) He is uncertain where his wife is at the moment. C) It is unusual for his wife to be at home now. D) It is strange for his wife to call him at work. 13. A) The man is going to send out the memo tomorrow. B) The man will drive the woman to the station. C) The woman is concerned with the man’s health. D) The speakers are traveling by train tomorrow morning. 14. A) A suite was booked instead of a double room. B) The room booked was on a different floor. C) The room booked was not spacious enough. D) The suite booked was for a different date. 15. A) The fierce competition they face. B) The reason for low profits. C) The company’s sales policy. D) The lack of effective promotion. 16. A) Do some shopping on their way home. B) Have the groceries delivered to them. C) Go and get the groceries at once. D) Manage with what they have. 17. A) The problem with the air conditioner. B) The hot weather in summer. C) The atmosphere in the office. D) The ridiculous rules of the office. 18. A) Find the priceless jewel she lost. B) Buy a ring with precious diamond. C) Set a new stone in her ring. D) Shop on Oxford Street for a decent gift. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) Damaging public facilities C) Organizing rallies in the park B) Hurting baby animals in the zoo D) Destroying urban wildlife 20. A) The serious consequences of his doings were not fully realized. B) His behaviour was thought to have resulted from mental illness. C) He had bribed the park keepers to keep quiet. D) People had differing opinions about his behaviour 21. A) Brutal C) Justifiable B) Too Harsh D) Well-deserved 22.A) Organising people against the authorities. B) Stealing endangered animals from the zoo. C) Encouraging others to follow his wrong doing. D) Attacking the park keepers in broad daylight. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23.A) She is good at foreign languages. C) She is fond of practical courses. B) She has already left school. D) She works for the handicapped. 24.A) He speaks French and German. C)He is interested in science courses. B)He attends a boarding school. D)He is the brightest of her three kids. 25.A) Comprehensive schools do not offer quality education. B) Children from low income families can’t really choose schools. C) Public schools are usually bigger in size than private schools. D) Parents decide what schools their children are to attend. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2012年12月四级真题听力原文

2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题听力原文Section A ConversationsShort Conversations1.- W:Have you finished that painting for the new student center?M: Just this morning, I’ve been working extra hours all week, you know the building opens tomorrow.Q: What does the man mean?2. M: Do you sell camping gear?W: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves.Q: What is the man probably going to do?3. M: Hi Jenny have you talked to Mr Wright about the new sports program?W: well, I contacted his office half an hour ago, and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2:00.Q: What does the woman mean?4．M：Bill says he’s not working so hard on his biology project.W: But he spends a lot of time in the lab, does n’t he?Q: What does the woman imply about Bill?5.M: I have to say I find the new smoking regulations too strict.W: Well, they are for everyone’s health. I have no complaints.Q: What are the speakers talking about?6.W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He’s ti ed up in meetings all morning.M: I was hoping he brings it in himself, I need to talk with him about it.Q: Why can’t Jack come in person?7.M: Should we invite Mr. Smith to join us for dinner this weekend, he has just come back from England.W: You can have a try, but as far as I know, he seldom accepts invitations from his employeesQ: What can we infer about Mr. Smith？8.W: This place doesn’t look familiar at all, we must be lost.M：Yes，it seems so. Let’s pull in here, while I’m filling in the tank, you go ask the way and get me something to drink please.Q: What does the man going to do first?Long Conversation 1M: Well, did you enjoy it?W: Yes, I enjoy it much more that I thought I would.M: Really?W: Yes, I don’t usually go to science fiction films.I don’t think they are much better than comics on film, if you know what I mean.M : Yes, sure. And a few years ago, they were certainly like that. 9. But they’ve got a lot better now.W: Yes, and historical films, that’s what I really like. I never miss a good film set in middle ages. Oh, and love stories, I never miss one on TV. M: Fondly enough, I don’t like those kinds of films at all. But to come back to this one, I personall y didn’t think it was very good. It certainly wasn’t as good as other science fiction films I’ve ever seen.W: Wasn’t it?M: No, not at all. Oh, 10. the effects were very good.W: Yes, I thought they were marvelous, especially the battle in space, incredible.M: Yes, but I was going to say I thought the acting was terrible.W: Yes. 11. I suppose Jason was too good to be true. And what was the name of the Baddy?M: Cargon?W: 11. Yea h. Cargon was really evil, wasn’t he? But I suppose that’s what these films are all about—good triumphing over evil. And the characters have to be black and white.M: Well , yes, but not always. Worth the well wasn’t like for example. Anyway, you enjoy the film. That’s the most important.W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me.Q:9. What does the man say about the science fiction films?10. What opinion did the speakers share about the film they just seen?11. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon?Long Conversation 2M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to? W: Car maintenance.M: 12. What night of the week it on?W: Wednesday night.M: And how long does it last?M: Well, it supposed to start at 6, but that’s a bit of probl em because people have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6: 30 and then it goes on until the 9 o’clock.M: And what was your reason for wanting to do the class?W: 13. Well, I just bought my first car and I don’t know anything about cars. So I thought it was a good opportunity to learn. I guess most of the people in the class are in the same situation.M: Um, and what do you actually do? Do you bring the car along to the class?W: Yes, we do. 14. And in the first part of the lesson, the first half hour, the man who runs the class will go though some particular part of the car,and we’ll learn about it. And then we spend the rest of the time, actually working on my own cars, the same problem.M: And how many people are there in the class?W: Mm, I think 16, 15. but 3 quarters of them are women. It’s quite interesting because the man is obviously used to teaching man. And he always starts his sentence by saying, ” Wow, your chops were slow.” And then he stops and says “Oh, any woman, you ladies, but...ur..”M: Mm..sounds funny.Q:12. What does the woman say about her evening class?13. Why did the woman want to attend to the class?14. What do the people who attend the class do in the first part of the lesson?15. What do we learn about participants in the class?Section B PassagesPassage 119.We don’t choose friends on the basis of how much money they have, of course, but lots of differences can be disturbing to both sides. Aaron, for example, was single, and earns a very good salary. 16. Her friend, Pat,the divorced mother of three, is struggling to make ends meet. 17.“We are both frequent theater-goers,” Aaron explains, “ and I’ll gladly pay for two tickets, just to have pass company it plays in concerts , but she won’t go anywhere unless she can pay her own way. I hate to go alone, so we both stay home. It all seems so silly.” Pat sees the situation differently. After her unhappy marriage to a man who was trying to control her without considering her wishes and feelings, she says, “ it’s very important to me to carry my own weight. I’m not comfortable in any relationship where all I do is take. ”The difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat’s children were with their father, so she took a picnic lunch to her friends new place, then spend the day helping her unpack and get settled. 18. “ I was so grateful, ”Aarons says, “ but I persuaded Pat to let me return the favor in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. I think she’s beginning to recognize that she contributes as much to our friendship, but I do”16. What do we learn about Pat?17. What draws Aaron and Pat together?18. What does Aaron do to return Pat’s favor?19. What do we learn friendship from the passage?Passage 2Sun School in the town of Ashburton, England, is a day school for children aged 10 to 18. 20. It is based on the value of social equality between students and staff, and has few rules. Sun School believes that the healthy growth of the child is more important than academic success. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choose from and free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes are small, and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed, but democratically decided and students are expected to attend. The weekly school meeting is at the center of the way sun school is organized. It makes all the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable and accepting or rejecting new students and teachers. 21. Participating in these meetings gives children an understanding of democratic decision-making and helps them develop their skills of argument and persuasion. The most import advantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the school is really theirs. They have the right to decide on changes. And the school’s success or failure depends on their decisions and their behavior. Sun School employs no cooking or cleaning staff, these jobs are done by students and teachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by students. 22.It is believed that school truly belongs to who use it, they must take responsibility for its maintenance.20. What value is Sun School based on?21.What is characteristic of the school decision-making process ?22. Why does sun school ask the students to do the maintenance?Passage 323. Well, to continue, as I mentioned earlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse, not better on tasks when other people are there. R.W.Harburt did an interesting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a game in which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system of passages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjects who did alone.Now how can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for a long time. Social psychologist, John Roberts, finally cleared up the confusion about why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of an audience. 24. Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what you already know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having an audience helps you do it better. But if you don’t already know how to do something, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes for a longertime if you have an audience. That’s exactly what happened to the subjects who were learning the finger maze.So, if you were doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do well. If you were doing badly, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do badly. 25. Roberts cleverly pointed out that when you are first learning something, you are better off working alone than practicing with other people.23. What did the speaker probably discuss before coming to this part of the talk?24. When does the presence of an audience facilitate your performance according to Roberts?25. What does Roberts think as a better way to learn new things?Section C Compound DictationAmericans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide selection of food available. They have a broader knowledge of nutrition, so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before. At the same time, Americans purchase increasing quantities of sweets and sodas.Statistics show that the way people live determines the way they eat. American life-styles have changed. There are now growing numbers ofpeople who live alone, single parents and children, and double-income families. These changing life styles are responsible for the incresing number of people who must rush meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records. This information not only tells us what people are eating but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite. Instead, chicken, turkey, and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years.26. selection27. vegetables28. determines29. growing numbers of30. responsible31. rush32. spend preparing food33. keep accurate records34. attitudes35. favorite。

2012年12月四级真题听力原文

2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题听力原文Section A Conversations Short Conversations 1.- W:Have you finished that painting for the new student center? M: Just this morning, I’ve been working extra hours all week, you know the building opens tomorrow. Q: What does the man mean? 2. M: Do you sell camping gear? W: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves. Q: What is the man probably going to do? 3. M: Hi Jenny have you talked to Mr Wright about the new sports program? W: well, I contacted his office half an hour ago, and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2:00. Q: What does the woman mean? 4．M：Bill says he’s not working so hard on his biology project.n’t he?W: But he spends a lot of time in the lab, doesQ: What does the woman imply about Bill? 5.M: I have to say I find the new smoking regulations too strict. W: Well, they are for everyone’s health. I have no complaints. W: Well, they are for everyone’s health. I have no complaints.Q: What are the speakers talking about? Q: What are the speakers talking about? 6.W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He’s ti ed up in meetings all morning. M: I was hoping he brings it in himself, I need to talk with him about M: I was hoping he brings it in himself, I need to talk with him about it. Q: Why can’t Jack come in person? Q: Why can’t Jack come in person?7.M: Should we invite Mr. Smith to join us for dinner this weekend, he has just come back from England. W: You can have a try, but as far as I know, he seldom accepts W: You can have a try, but as far as I know, he seldom accepts invitations from his employees Q: What can we infer about Mr. Smith8.W: This place doesn’t look familiar at all, we must be lost.I’m filling in the tank, M：Yes，it seems so. Let’s pull in here, while you go ask the way and get me something to drink please. Q: What does the man going to do first? Long Conversation 1 M: Well, did you enjoy it? W: Yes, I enjoy it much more that I thought I would. M: Really? I don’t think they are W: Yes, I don’t usually go to science fiction films.much better than comics on film, if you know what I mean. M : Yes, sure. And a few years ago, they were certainly like that. 9. But they’ve got a lot better now.W: Yes, and historical films, that’s what I really like. I never miss a good film set in middle ages. Oh, and love stories, I never miss one on TV. M: Fondly enough, I don’t like those kinds of films at all. But to come think it was very good. It certainly back to this one, I personally didn’t think it was very good. It certainly wasn’t as good as other science fiction films I’ve ever seen.W: Wasn’t it?M: No, not at all. Oh, 10. the effects were very good. W: Yes, I thought they were marvelous, especially the battle in space, incredible. M: Yes, but I was going to say I thought the acting was terrible. W: Yes. 11. I suppose Jason was too good to be true. And what was the name of the Baddy? M: Cargon? W: 11. Yea h. Cargon was really evil, wasn’t he? But I suppose that’s —good triumphing over evil. And the what these films are all aboutcharacters have to be black and white. M: Well , yes, but not always. Worth the well wasn’t like for example. Anyway, you enjoy the film. That’s the most important.W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me. Q: 9. What does the man say about the science fiction films? 10. What opinion did the speakers share about the film they just seen? 11. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon? Long Conversation 2 M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to? W: Car maintenance. M: 12. What night of the week it on? W: Wednesday night. M: And how long does it last? em because M: Well, it supposed to start at 6, but that’s a bit of problpeople have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6: 30 and then it goes on until the 9 o’clock.M: And what was your reason for wanting to do the class? Well, I just bought my first car and I don’t know anything about W: 13. W ell, I just bought my first car and I don’t know anything about cars. So I thought it was a good opportunity to learn. I guess most of the people in the class are in the same situation. M: Um, and what do you actually do? Do you bring the car along to the class? W: Yes, we do. 14. And in the first part of the lesson, the first half hour, the man who runs the class will go though some particular part of the car, and we’ll learn about it. And then we spend the rest of the time, actually working on my own cars, the same problem. M: And how many people are there in the class? W: Mm, I think 16, 15. but 3 quarters of them are women. It’s quite interesting because the man is obviously used to teaching man. And he always starts his sentence by saying, ” Wow, your chops were slow.” And then he stops and says “Oh, any woman, you ladies, but...ur..” M: Mm..sounds funny. Q: 12. What does the woman say about her evening class? 13. Why did the woman want to attend to the class? 14. What do the people who attend the class do in the first part of the lesson? 15. What do we learn about participants in the class? Section B Passages Passage 1 19.19.We don’t choose friends on the basis of how much money they have, We don’t choose friends on the basis of how much money they have, of course, but lots of differences can be disturbing to both sides. Aaron, for example, was single, and earns a very good salary. 16. Her friend, Pat, the divorced mother of three, is struggling to make ends meet. 17.“We “We are are both frequent theater-goers,” Aaron explains, “ and I’ll gladly pay for two tickets, just to have pass company it plays in concerts , but she won’t go anywhere unless she can pay her own way. I hate to go alone, so we both stay home. It all seems so silly.” Pat sees the situation differently. After her unhappy marriage to a man who was trying to control her without considering her wishes and feelings, she says, “ it’s very important to me to carry my own weight. I’m not comfortable in any relationship where all I do is take. ”The difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat’s children were with their father, so she took a picnic lunch to her friends new place, then spend the day helping her unpack and get settled. 18. “ I was so grateful, ”Aarons says, “ but I persuaded Pat to let me return the favor in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. I think she’s beginning to recognize that she contributes as much to our friendship, but I do”16. What do we learn about Pat? 17. What draws Aaron and Pat together? 18. What does Aaron do to return Pat’s favor?19. What do we learn friendship from the passage? Passage 2 Sun School in the town of Ashburton, England, is a day school for children aged 10 to 18. 20. It is based on the value of social equality between students and staff, and has few rules. Sun School believes that the healthy growth of the child is more important than academic success. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choose from and free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes are small, and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed, but democratically decided and students are expected to attend. The weekly school meeting is at the center of the way sun school is organized. It makes all the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable and accepting or rejecting new students and teachers. 21. Participating in these meetings gives children an understanding of democratic decision-making and helps them develop their skills of argument and persuasion. The most import advantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the school is really theirs. They ’s success or failure have the right to decide on changes. And the schooldepends on their decisions and their behavior. Sun School employs no cooking or cleaning staff, these jobs are done by students and teachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by students. 22.It is believed that school truly belongs to who use it, they must take responsibility for its maintenance. 20. What value is Sun School based on? 21.What is characteristic of the school decision-making process ? 22. Why does sun school ask the students to do the maintenance? Passage 3 23. Well, to continue, as I mentioned earlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse, not better on tasks when other people are there. R.W.Harburt did an interesting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a game in which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system of passages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjects who did alone. Now how can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for a long time. Social psychologist, John Roberts, finally cleared up the confusion about why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of an audience. 24. Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what you already know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having an audience helps you do But if you don’t already know how to do something, you will it better. B ut if you don’t already know how to do something, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes for a longer time if you have an audience. That’s exactly what happened to the subjects who were learning the finger maze. So, if you were doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do well. If you were doing badly, having an audience increases the chances that you will continue to do badly. 25. Roberts cleverly pointed out that when you are first learning something, you are better off working alone than practicing with other people. 23. What did the speaker probably discuss before coming to this part of the talk? 24. When does the presence of an audience facilitate your performance according to Roberts? 25. What does Roberts think as a better way to learn new things? Section C Compound Dictation Americans today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide selection of food available. They have a broader knowledge of nutrition, so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before. At the same time, Americans purchase increasing quantities of sweets and sodas. Statistics show that the way people live determines the way they eat. American life-styles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, single parents and children, and double-income families. These changing life styles are responsible for the incresing number of people who must rush meals or sometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. Partly as a consequence of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records. This information not only tells us what people are eating but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite. Instead, chicken, turkey, and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years. 26. selection 27. vegetables 28. determines 29. growing numbers of 30. responsible 31. rush 32. spend preparing food 33. keep accurate records 34. attitudes 35. favorite 。

2012年12月英语四级真题及答案(二)

201212Part Writing(30minutes)11上作答。

2012年12月英语四级听力及答案

听录音，回答11-47题：Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension：11-3511、A．He needs another week for the painting．B．The painting was completed just In time．C．The building won’t open until next week．D．His artistic work has been well received．12、A．Go camping．B．Decorate his house.C．Rent a tent．D．Organize a party．13、A．She talked with Mr．Wright on the phone．B．She is about to call Mr．Wright’s secretary．C．She will see Mr．Wright at lunch time．D．She failed to reach Mr．Wright．14、A．He is actually very hardworking．B．He has difficulty finishing his project．C．He needs to spend more time in the lab．D．He seldom tells the truth about himself．15、A．Rules restricting smoking．B．Ways to quit smoking．C．Smokers’ health problems．D．Hazards of passive smoking．16、A．He is out of town all morning．B．He is tied up in family matters．C．He has been writing a report．D．He has got meetings to attend．17、A．He is not easy—going．B．He is the speakers’boss．C．He is not at home this weekend．D．He seldom invites people to his home．18、A．Take a break．B．Refuel his car．C．Ask the way．D．Have a cup of coffee．19、Questions l9 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard．A．They are as good as historical films．B．They give youngsters a thrill．C．They have greatly improved．D．They are better than comics on film．20、A．The effects were very good．B．The acting was just so—so．C．The plot was too complicated．D．The characters were lifelike．21、A．They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle．B．They Flayed the same role in War of the Worlds．C．They are popular figures among young people．D．They are two leading characters in the film．22、Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard．A．It is scheduled on Thursday night．B．It is supposed to last nine weeks．C．It takes place once a week．D．It usually starts at six．23、A．To make good use of her spare time in the evening．B．To meet the requirements of her in—service training．C．To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible．D．To get some basic knowledge about car maintenance．24、A．Partic pate in group discussions．B．Take turns to make presentations．C．Listen to the teacher’s explanation．D．Answer the teacher’s questions．25、A．Most of them are female．B．Some have a part—time job．C．They plan to buy a new car．D．A few of them are old chaps．26、Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard．A．She is not good at making friends．B．She is not well off．C．She enjoys company．D．She likes to go to concerts alone．27、A．Their similar social status．B．Their interdependence．C．Their common interest．D．Their identical character．28、A．Invite Pat to a live concert．B．Buy some gifts for Pat’s kids．C．Help take care of Pat’s kids．D．Pay for Pat’s season tickets．29、A．It can develop between people with a big difference in income．B．It can be maintained among people of different age groups．C．It cannot last long without similar family background．D．It cannot be sustained when friends move far apart．30、Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard．A．Priority of students’academic achievements．B．Equal education opportunities to all children．C．Social equality between teachers and students．D．Respect for students’individuality．31、A．EfficientB．ComplicatedC．LengthyD．Democratic32、A．To help them acquire hands—on experience．B．To try to cut down its operational expenses．C．To provide part—time jobs for needy students．D．To enable them to learn to take responsibility．33、Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard．A．The best way to work through a finger maze．B．Individuals doing better in front of an audience．C．Researchers having contributed greatly to psychology．D．Improvements on the classification of human behavior．34、A．When you feel encouraged by the audience．B．When you try to figure out a confusing game．C．When you already know how to do something．D．When you complete with other people in a group．35、A．Practicing constantly．B．Working by oneself．C．Learning by doing．D．Using proven methods．Part ⅢListening Comprehension：36-4636、Americanstoday have different eating habits than they had in the past．There is awide(36)______ offood available．They have a broader(37)______ of nutrition(营养)，so they buy more fresh fruitand(38)______than ever before．At the same time，Americans(39)______increasing quantities of sweetsand sodas．Statisticsshow that the way people live(40)______the way they eat．American lifestyles havechanged．There are now growing numbers of people wholive alone，(41)______parents and children，and double-income families．These changinglifestyles are(42)______ for the increasing number of people who must(43)______mealsor sometimes simply go without them．Many Americans haveless time than ever before to spend preparingfood．(44)_____________________weekon average．It iseasy to study the amounts and kinds of food that peopleconsume．(45)________________uswhat people are eatin9，but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes．(46)____________．Instead，chicken，turkey and fish have become morepopular．Sales of these foods have greatly increased inrecent years．第(36)题_________37、第(37)题_________38、第(38)题_________39、第(39)题_________40、第(40)题_________41、第(41)题_________42、第(42)题_________43、第(43)题_________44、第(44)题_________45、第(45)题_________46、第(46)题_________听力参考答案听力AB11. B12. A13. D14. A15. A16. D17. B18. B19. C20. A21. D22. C23. D24. C25. A26. B27. C28. D29. A30. C31. D32. D33. C34. C35. B听力C36. selection37. Knowledge38. vegetables39. purchase40. determines41. single42. responsible43. rush44. Partly as a consequence of this limitedtime,over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens．45. The United States t of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records．46. Red meat,which used to be the most popular choice for dinner,is no longer an American favorite．。

2012年12月22日英语四级听力答案

2012年12月22日英语四级听力答案2012年12月英语四级听力答案来源：沪江英语2012年12月大学英语四级考试听力答案，由沪江网校提供，考完试的同学可以对比一下自己的答案。

希望大家四级考试顺利通过。

短对话：11. Go to the park to enjoy the flowers.12. She cannot attend the presentation.13. He is a very successful businessman.14. She has every confidence in Susan.15. It is worth the money taking a train to Miami.16. The old furniture should be replaced.17. The man got home late due to the storm.18. The woman’s sons migh t enjoy team sports.长对话：Conversation One19. Take orders over the phone.20. Customers’ questions could not be answered on the same day.21. They each take a week.Conversation Two22. Near a school.23. He did not notice it.24. It is no longer valid.25. He got a ticket.听力短文：Passage 126. They behave as if their memories have failed totally.27. Those with 15 items or less.28. Go back and pick up more items.29. It requires tolerance.Passage 230. A natural and spontaneous style of speech.31. Differences in style between writing and speaking.32. The key to becoming a good speaker.Passage 333. By comparing his performance with others.34. Children cannot detect their own mistakes.35. It is unhelpful to students’ learning.复合式听写：36. foreign37. accomplished38. interpersonal39. detail.40. controlled41. abruptly42. references43. indication44. it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America.45. It has enabled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America.46. Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.。

2012年12月英语四级真题及答案。

Doctoral degree 1,550 1,272 1,038 712 626 444 Master Master’’s degree Bachelor Bachelor’’s degree Some college, no degree High school diploma Less than high school degree 2012年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

上作答。

Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled E ducation Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below (Weekly earnings of 2010). Please write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Education: A Worthy Investment Weekly earnings in 2010($) Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Education Pays Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Di rections: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), . For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Should Sugar Be Regulated like Alcohol and Tobacco? Sugar Sugar poses poses enough enough health health health risks risks risks that that that it it it should should should be be be considered considered considered a a a controlled controlled controlled substance substance substance just just just like like like alcohol alcohol alcohol and and tobacco, argue a team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). In In an an an opinion opinion opinion piece piece piece called called called ““The T oxic (毒性的) ) Truth Truth Truth About About About Sugar Sugar Sugar”” published published Feb.1 Feb.1 Feb.1 in in in Nature, Nature, Nature, Robert Robert “There is nothing empty about these calories. A growing body of scientific evidence is showing that fructose (果糖) can trigger processes that lead to liver toxicity and a host of other chronic diseases. A little is not a problem, but a lot kills — slowly.”Almost Almost everyone everyone everyone’’s s heard heard heard of of of —— or or personally personally personally experienced experienced experienced —— the the well-known well-known well-known sugar sugar sugar high, high, high, so so so perhaps perhaps perhaps the the comparison between sugar and alcohol or tobacco shouldn ’t come as a surprise. But it ’s doubtful that Americans will will look look look favorably favorably favorably upon upon upon regulating regulating regulating their their their favorite favorite favorite vice. vice. vice. W e W e’’re re a a a nation nation nation that that that’’s s sweet sweet sweet on on on sugar: sugar: sugar: the the the average average average U.S. U.S. adult downs 22 teaspoons of sugar a day, according to the American Heart Association, and surveys have found that teens swallow 34 teaspoons. To counter our consumption, the authors advocate taxing sugary foods and controlling sales to kids under 17. Already, Already, 17% 17% 17% of of of U.S. U.S. U.S. children children children and and and teens teens teens are are obese (肥胖), ), and and and across across across the the the world world world the the the sugar sugar intake (摄入) ) has has increased three times in the past 50 years. The increase has helped create a global obesity plague that contributes to 35 million annual deaths worldwide from noninfectious diseases including cancer, heart disease and diabetes. Linda Matzigkeit, a senior vice president at Children ’s Healthcare, said “We have to do something about this or our country is in danger. It ’s not good if your state has the second-highest obesity rate. Obese children turn into obese adults.”“There are good calories and bad calories, just as there are good fats and bad fats, good amino acids (氨基氨基酸) and bad amino acids,” Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health program at UCSF, said in a statement. “But sugar is toxic beyond its calories.” The food industry tries to imply that “a calorie is a calorie is a calorie,” says Kelly Brownell, director of the Rudd Rudd Center Center Center for for for Food Food Food Policy Policy Policy and and and Obesity Obesity Obesity at at at Y ale Y ale University. University. University. ““But But this this this and and and other other other research research research suggests suggests suggests there there there is is something different about sugar,” says Brownell. The UCSF report emphasizes the metabolic (新陈代谢新陈代谢) effects of sugar. Excess sugar can alter metabolism, raise blood pressure, affect the signaling of hormones and damage the liver — outcomes that sound suspiciously similar similar to to to what what what can can can happen happen happen after after after a a a person person person drinks drinks drinks too too too much much much alcohol. alcohol. alcohol. Schmidt, Schmidt, Schmidt, co-chair co-chair co-chair of of of UCSF UCSF UCSF’’s s Community Community Engagement and Health Policy program, noted on CNN: “When you think about it, this actually makes a lot of sense. Alcohol, after all, is simply made from sugar. Where does vodka come from? Sugar.”But there are also other areas of impact that researchers have investigated: the effect of sugar on the brain and and how how how liquid liquid liquid calories calories calories are are are interpreted interpreted interpreted differently differently differently by by by the the the body body body than than than solids. solids. solids. Research Research Research has has has suggested suggested suggested that that that sugar sugar activates the same reward pathways in the brain as traditional drugs of abuse like morphine or heroin. No one is claiming claiming the the the effect effect effect of of of sugar sugar sugar is is is quite quite quite that that that strong, strong, strong, but, but, but, says says says Brownell, Brownell, Brownell, ““it it helps helps helps confirm confirm confirm what what what people people people tell tell tell you you sometimes, that they hunger for sugar and have withdrawal symptoms when they stop eating it.”There There’’s also something particularly tricky about sugary drinks. “When calories come in liquids, the body doesn doesn’’t t feel feel feel as as as full,full,full,”” says says Brownell. Brownell. Brownell. ““People People are are are getting getting getting more more more of of of their their their calories calories calories than than than ever ever ever before before before from from from sugared sugared drinks.drinks.””Other Other countries, countries, countries, including including including France, France, France, Greece Greece Greece and and and Denmark, Denmark, Denmark, impose impose impose soda soda soda taxes, taxes, taxes, and and and the the the concept concept concept is is is being being considered in at least 20 U.S. cities and states. Last summer, Philadelphia came close to passing a 2-cents-per-ounce soda tax. The Rudd Center has been a strong advocate of a more modest 1-cent-per-punce tax. But But at at at least least least one one one study, study, study, from from from 2010, 2010, 2010, has has has raised raised raised doubts doubts doubts that that that soda soda soda taxes taxes taxes would would would result result result in in in significant significant significant weight weight weight loss: loss: apparently apparently people people people who who who are determined are determined to to eat eat eat —— and drink — unhealthily will will find find find ways ways ways to to to do do do it. it. it. Teens Teens Teens —— no surprise — are good at finding ways to get the things they can can’’t have, so state policies banning all sugar-sweetened drinks from public schools and providing only water, milk or 100% fruit juices haven ’t had the intended effect of steering kids away from drinking sugared drinks: the average teen consumes about 300 calories per day — that ’s nearly 15% of his daily calories — in sweetened drinks, and the food and drink industry is only too happy to feed this need. Ultimately, regulating sugar will prove particularly tricky because it goes beyond health concerns; sugar, for so many people, is love. A plate of cut-up vegetables just doesn ’t pack the same emotional a cupcake and not an 4. The food industry tries to relieve the public worry about sugar intake by suggesting that .5. According to Brownell, liquid sugar . 7. Regulating sugar will prove tricky because . its . snack-bars selling high sugar products be . 10. A gentle way to steer people away from sugar is to make inexpensive, low-sugar foods . American today have different eating habits than they had in the past. There is a wide (36) of food available. They have a broader (37) (38) than ever before. At the same time, Americans (39) Statistics show that the way people live (40) There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, (41) food. (44) . Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume. (45) . This information not only tells us what people eating, but also tells us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. (46) . . Instead, You may not use any ofcenter.words in the bank more than once.47 at all. Seven of the 18 women who are 48 49 This role change is 50 52 51 a majority of jobs in the U.S., including 51.4 percent of managerial and professional 53 is more dramatic among younger people. Women 30 and under make more money, on 55 ended up caring for their children full-time while their wives are the the U.S. who 56 A) appealing I) occupations B) average J) occurring C) conflict K) positions D) currently L) primary E) elementary M) recession F) ensure N) regularly G) female O) unusual H) fill Try Try to to to imagine imagine imagine what what what it it it is is is like like like to to to live live live without without without electricity. electricity. electricity. It It It is is boring, 67 one one thing thing — no no television, television, television, on on on MP3 MP3 MP3 player, player, player, no no video games. And you feel 68 and disconnected as well — no computer, computer, no no no Internet, Internet, Internet, no no no mobile mobile mobile phone. phone. phone. Y ou Y ou can can can read read read books, books, books, of of course — 69 at at night night night you you you won won won’’t t have have have light, light, light, other other other than than than the the flicker (闪烁) ) of of of firewood. firewood. firewood. And And And about about about that that that firewood firewood — you you or or someone in your family had to 70 it during the day, taking you away from more 71 work or schooling, 67. [A] about [B] with [C] as [D] for 68. [A] lonely [B] tedious [C] ignored [D] tough 69. [A] so [B] but [C] since [D] if 70. [A] transfer [B] select [C] assemble [D] gather 71. [A] relative [B] massive [C] productive [D] extensive 72. [A] to [B] of [C] amid [D] under 73. [A] seeking out [B] giving up [C] throwing off [D] carrying away 74. [A] harmful [B] aggressive [C] visible [D] allergic 75. [A] although [B] whereas [C] while [D] because 76. [A]strength [B] power [C] source [D] force 77. [A] desperately [B] oddly [C] marvelously [D] vastly 78. [A] engage [B] insist [C] ensure [D] induce 79. [A] continent [B] location [C] territory [D] planet 80. [A] solemn [B] severe [C] compound [D] comparable 81. [A] that [B] which [C] those [D] ones 82. [A] Unless [B] Though [C] Until [D] Before 83. [A] global [B] fashionable [C] grand [D] famous 84. [A]commanded [B] withdrawn [C] offered [D] received 85. [A] solution [B] target [C] obstacle [D] retreat 86. [A] interrupts [B] affects and in more parts of the world, exposing you 72 danger. That same firewood is used to cook dinner, 73 smoke that can turn the air inside your home far more 74 than that breathed in an industrial city. You may lack access to modern drugs 75 the nearest hospital does not have continuous 76 to keep the medicine refrigerated. You are 77 poor — and the lack of electricity helps to 78 that you’ll stay that way. That is life for the 1.3 billion people around that 79 who lack access to the grid (电网电网). It is a 80 problem of the developing world and the countryside — more than 95% of 81 Without electricity are either in sub-Saharan Africa or developing Asia, and 84% live in rural areas. 82 it hasn hasn’’t gotten the attention that 83 problems like HIV/AIDS and water shortage have 84 in recent years, lack of power remains a major 85 to any progress in the world’s development. “Lacking Lacking access access access to to to electricity electricity 86 health, health, well-being well-being well-being and and and income,income,income,”” says says Fatih Fatih Fatih Birol, Birol, Birol, the the the chief chief economist of the International Energy Agency. “It It’’s a problem the world has to pay attention to.”[C] halts [D] suspends 87. David turned away and walked quickly down the street, s intellect 89. I read the book last week, but now it is 90. Hardly had John finished his introductory remark 91. If the reaction were to take place, 2012年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)参考答案作文范文Education Pay What is shown in the chart above is that those people with high degree earn more than those with lower. For example, staff with master’s degree receive a better payment than those with bachelor’s degree, according to a survey of the payment to the employee. These survey indicates that education degree does have a relationship with earnings, contrary to the recent theory of useless education. Recently, there is a heated discussion about the significance of the education. Some people hold a view view that that that higher higher higher education education education is is is useless useless useless since since since college college college education education education cannot cannot cannot mesh mesh mesh with with with the the the social social social needs. needs. Some think that higher education is indispensable if you want to go far in both your studies and life. Now that survey has proved which part is wiser. As for me, I definitely support the view that education is necessary for people’s life. Reading can not only make me survive well in this society with fierce competition but also help me make sense of life. I pursue for it for my whole life. 1-5 DCAAD 6-7 BC 8.hazards 9. tightened 10. comparatively easier to get 11-15 BADAA 16-20 DBBCA 21-25 DCDCA 26-30 BCDAC 31-35 DDBCB 36. selection 37. knowledge 38. vegetables 39. purchase 40. determines 41. single 42. responsible 43. rush 44. Partly as a result of this limited time, over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens 45. The United States Department of Agriculture and the food industry collect sales statistics and keep accurate records 46. 46. Red Red Red meat, meat, meat, which which which used used used to to to be be be the the the most most most popular popular popular choice choice choice for for for dinner dinner dinner ,is ,is ,is no no no longer longer longer an an an American American favorite. 47. O 48. D 49. G 50. J 51. H 52. K 53. B 54. M 55. L 56. N 57-61 BCBDA 62-66 CABBC 67-71 DABDC 72-76 ACADB 77-81 ACDBC 82-86 BADCB 87. completely ignoring her presence 88. that separate him from other higher animals 89. nowhere to find 90. when he was interrupted by the audience 91. a tremendous amount of energy would be releasedPart III Listening ComprehensionBill says he’s not working so hard on his biology project.W: But he spends a lot of time in the lab, doesn’t he?Q: What does the woman imply about Bill? 15.M: I have to say i find the new smoking regulations too strict. W: Well, they are for everyone’s health. I have no complaints.Q: What are the speakers talking about? He’s tight up in meetings all morning.16.W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. M: I was hoping he brings it in himself, I need to talk with him about it. M: Well ,did you enjoy it? W: Yes, I enjoy it much more that I thought I would. M: Really? W: Yes, I don’t usually go to science fiction films.I don’t think they are much better than comics on film, if you know what I mean. M : Yes, sure.And a few years ago,they were certainly like that. But they’ve got a lot better now.at I really like. I never miss a good film set in middle ages. Oh, and W: Yes, and historical films, that’s whlove stories, I never miss one on TV. M: Fondly enough, I don’t like those kinds of films at all. But to come back to this one, I personally didn’t ly wasn’t as good as other science fiction films I’ve ever seen.think it was very good . It certainW: Wasn’t it?M: No, not at all. Oh, the effects were very good. W: Yes, I thought they were marvelous. Especially the battle in space, incredable. M: Yes, but I was going to say I thought the acting was terrible. W: Yes. I suppose Jason was too good to be true. And what was the name of the Baddy? M: Cargon? W: Yeah. Cargon was really evil, wasn’t he? But I suppose that’s what these films are all about—good triumphing over evil. And the characters have to be black and white. M: Well ,yes, but not always. Worth the well wasn’t like for example. Anyway, you enjoy the film. That’s the most important. W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me. Q: 19. What does the man say about the science fiction films? 20. What opinion did the speakers share about the film they just seen? 21. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon? Long Conversation 2 M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to? W: Car maintance. M: What night of the week it on? 22. What does the woman say about her evening class? 23. Why did the wman want to attend to the class? 24.What do the people who attend the class do in the first part of the lesson? 25. What do we learn about participants in the class? Passageswishes and feelings ,she says, “ it’s very important to me to carry my own weight. I’m not comfortable in any ake. ”relationship where all I do is tThe difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat’s children were with their father, so she took a picnik lunch to her friends new plays, then spend the day helping her unpack and get settled. “ I was so grateful, ” Aarons says, “ but I persuaded Pat to let me return the favour in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. I think she’s beginning to recognize that she contributes as much to our friendship, but I do”26. What do we learn about Pat? 27. What draws Aaron and Pat together? 28. What does Aaron do to return Pat’s favor?29. What do we learn friendship from the passage? Passage 2 Sun School in the town of Ashbert in England is a day school for children age 10 to 18.It is based on the value of social equality between students and stuff, and has few rules.Sun School believes that the healthy growth of the child is more important than academic success. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choose from. In free time for children to follow their own interests.Classes are small,and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed.But democratically decided and students are expected to attend.The weekly school meeting is at the center of the way sun school is orgnized.It mix all the decisions that affect theschool,including rules, the timetable and accepting or rejecting new students and teachers.Participating in thease meetings gives children an understand of democratic decision making and helps them develops their skills of argument and persuasion.The most import advantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the school is really their’s.They have the right to decide on changes. And the school’s success or failure depends on their decisions and their behavior.Sun School employs no cooking or cleaning stuff,these jobs are done by students and teachers.Decorating and simple repairs are also done by students, it is believed that school truly belongs to who use it, they must take responsibility for its maintenance. 30. what value is Sun School based on? 31. what is characteristic of the school decision making processur program? 32. why does sun school ask the students to do the maintainance? Passage 3 Well, to continue, as i mentioned earlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals perform worse, not better on tasks when other people are there. R.W.Harburt did an interesting experiment. He had his 35. What does Roberts think as a better way to learn new things? habits than they had in the past. There is have a broader knowledge of nutrition, so they buy more fresh fruit before. At the same time, Americans purchase increasing quantities of sweets and sodas. show that the way people live determines growing numbers of people who live families. These changing life styles are responsible for the incresing number of people who must rush meals or 全国英语四级历年真题21 / 21 longer an American favorite. Instead, chicken, turkey, and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years. 。

2012年12月四级听力试题

PartⅢListening ComprehensionSection A11A. Find a shortcut to the park B. Buy some roses from the marketC. Go to the park to enjoy the flowersD. Plant trees in the east end of town12 A. She has been invited to give a talkB. She cannot work because of her toothacheC. She cannot attend the presentationD. She is going to meet the man at 9:3013 A. He has changed his business strategyB. He is a very successful businessmanC. He is making plans to expand his operationD. He was twenty when he took over the company14 A. She is not as bright and diligent as SusanB. She is a little bit surprised at the newsC. She has not read the news on the NetD. She has every confidence in Susan15 A. It is not always cheaper going by busB. It is more comfortable and convenient to take a busC. It is faster to go to Miami by trainD. It is worth the money taking a train to Miami16 A. Antiques can improve their imageB. They should move into a new officeC. The old furniture should be replacedD. Preservation of antiques is important17 A. The storm continued until midnightB. The man got home late due to the stormC. The man stayed at the lab the whole nightD. All roads were closed because of the flood18 A. The woman’s sons might enjoy team spiritsB. The woman’s kids can play soccer with his wonC. Children should play sports at least once a weekD. Many children feel bored when left aloneQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard19 A. Make phone calls to promote salesB. Arrange business negotiationsC. Take orders over the phoneD. Handle complaints from customers20 A. Customers’ questions could not be answered on the same dayB. Conflicts between them could not be properly solvedC. Customers often mistook one for the otherD. They had different strategies21 A. They are given two weeks each B. They like to spend it togetherC. They have to take it by turnsD. They each take a weekQuestions 22to 25are based on the conversation you have just heard22 A. At a road crossing B. Near a schoolC. Outside a police stationD. In front of a kindergarten23 A. He did not notice it B. He drove too fast to read itC. It says 45 miles an hourD. It is not clearly visible24 A. It should have been renewed two months agoB. It actually belongs to somebody elseC. It is no longer validD. It is not genuine25 A. He was fined 35 dollarsB. He got a ticketC. He had his driver’s license canceledD. He had to do two weeks’ community serviceSection BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard26 A. They behave as if their memories have failed totallyB. They grab whatever they think is a good bargainC. They become excited as if they had never been thereD. They care more about an item’s price than its use27 A. Those with a VIP card B. Those paying in cashC. Those needing assistanceD. Those with 15 items or less28 A. Change the items they have picked upB. Go back and pick up more itemsC. Take out some unwanted purchasesD. Calculate the total cost of the groceries29 A. It requires tolerance B. It calls for carefulnessC. It involves communication skillsD. It needs a good knowledge of math Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the conversation you have just heard30 A. A short presentation clearly deliveredB. A package of ideas formally presentedC. A clever use of visual aids in presentationD. A natural and spontaneous style of speech31 A. The skillful use of gestures and facial expressionsB. Differences in style between writing and speakingC. The importance of preparationD. Different preferences of audiences32 A. The key to becoming a good speakerB. The increasing importance of public speakingC. The significance of cross-cultural communicationD. The differences between American and Asian cultures.Passage ThreeQuestions 33to 35 are based on the conversation you have just heard33 A. By being given constant praiseB. By observing what their teachers doC. By being repeatedly corrected by adultsD. By comparing his performance with others’34 A. All children should have equal opportunitiesB. It is only natural for children to make errorsC. Children cannot detect their own mistakesD. The best students are usually smart by nature35 A. It is unhelpful to students’ learningB. It is unhealthy to students’ upbringingC. It is beneficial to independent childrenD. It is favorable to knowledge accumulationSection CTime is, for the average American, of utmost importance. To the (36)＿＿＿＿＿visitor, Americans seem to be more concerned with getting things (37)＿＿＿＿on time ( according to a predetermined schedule) than they are with developing deep(38)＿＿＿＿relations. Schedules, for the American, are meant to be planned and then followed in the smallest(39)＿＿＿＿.It may seem to you that most Americans are completely (40)＿＿＿＿by the little machines they wear on their wrists, cutting their discussions off (41)＿＿＿＿to make it to their next appointment on time.Americans’ language is filled with (42)＿＿＿＿to time, giving a clear (43)＿＿＿＿of how much it is valued. Time is something to be “on”, to be “kept”, “filled”, “saved”, “wasted”, “gained”, “planned”, “given”, “made the most of”, even “killed”.The international visitor soon learns that(44)＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.Time is so valued in America because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve bore than if one “wastes” time and doesn’t keep busy. This philosophy has proven its worth. (45)＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.Many American proverbs(谚语) stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely and setting and working toward specific goals. (46)＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.。

2012年全国英语四级考试听力真题、答案及原文(12月)

2012年全国英语四级考试听力真题、答案及原文（12月）听力试题Part III Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section A注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

11.A) He needs another week for the painting.B) The painting was completed just in time.C) The building won’t open until next week.D) His artistic work has been wellreceived.12.A) Go camping. B) Decorate his house.C) Rent a tent. D) Organize a party.13.A) She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone.B) She is about to call Mr. Wright’ssecretary.C) She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time.D) She failed to reach Mr. Wright.14.A) He is actually very hardworking.B) He has difficulty finishing his project.C) He needs to spend more time in the lab.D) He seldom tells the truth about himself.15.A) Rules restricting smoking.B) Ways to quit smoking.C) Smokers’ health problems.D) Hazards of passive smoking.16.A) He is out of town all morning.B) He is tied up in family matters.C) He has been writing a report.D) He has got meetings to attend.17.A) He is not easy-going.s.B) He is the speakers’ bosC) He is not at home this weekend.D) He seldom invites people to his home.18.A) Take a break.B) Refuel his car.C) Ask the way.D) Have a cup of coffee.Questions19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) They are as good as historical films.B) They give youngsters a thrill.C) They have greatly improved.D) They are better than comics on film.20.A) The effects were very good.B) The acting was just so-so.C) The plot was too complicated.D) The characters were lifelike.21.A) They triumphed ultimately over evil inthe battle.B) They played the same role inWar of the Worlds.C) They are popular figures among youngpeople.。

2012年12月四级听力真题第一套

听力短对话11W: Have you finished that painting for the new student center?M: Just this morning, I've been working extra hours all week. You know the building opens tomorrow.Q: What does theman mean?12M: Do you sell camping gear?W: Yes, we have tents, sleeping bags, just about everything you might need, including stoves.Q: What is the man probably goingto do?13M: Hi, Jenny! Have you talked to Mr. Wright about the new sports program?W: Well, I contacted his office half an hour ago, and his secretary said he was out for lunch until 2:00.Q: What does the woman mean?14M：Bill says he's not working so hard on his biology project.W: But he spends a lot of time inthe lab, doesn't he?Q: What does the woman imply about Bill?15M: I have to say I find the newsmoking regulations too strict.W: Well, they are for everyone'shealth. I have no complaints.Q: What are the speakers talking about?16W: Jack asked me to drop off this report. He's tied up in meetings all morning.M: I was hoping he'd bring ithimself. I need to talk with him about it.Q: Why can't Jack come in person?17M: Should we invite Mr. Smith tojoin us for dinner this weekend? He's just come back from England.W: You can have a try. But as faras I know, he seldom accepts invitations from his employees.Q: What can we infer about Mr.Smith?18W: This place doesn't look familiar at all. We must be lost.M：Yeah，it seems so. Let's pull in here. WhileI'm filling in the tank, you go ask the way and get me something to drinkplease.Q: What is the man going to do first?Conversation OneM: Well, did you enjoy it?W: Yes, I enjoy it much more that I thought I would.M: Really?W: Yes, I don't usually go to science fiction films; I don't think they are much better than comics on film,if you know what I mean.M: Yes, sure. And a few years ago, they were certainly like that. But they've got a lot better now.W: Yes, and historical films,that's what I really like. I never miss a good film set in the middle ages. Oh,and love stories, I never miss one on TV.M: Funnily enough, I don't likethose kinds of films at all. But to come back to this one, Ipersonally didn'tthink it was very good. It certainly wasn't as good as other science fictionfilms I've seen.W: Wasn't it?M: No, not at all. Oh, theeffects were very good.W: Yes, I thought they weremarvelous, especially the battle in space, incredible.M: Yes. But I was going to say Ithought the acting was terrible.W: Yes, I suppose Jason was toogood to be true. And what was the name of the baddy?M: Cargon?W: Yeah, Cargon was really evil,wasn't he? But I suppose that's what these films are all about—good triumphingover evil. And the characters have to be black and white.M: Well, yes, but not always.Warof the Worldswasn't like that, for example. Anyway, you enjoy the film.That's the most important.W: Yes, I did. Thanks for taking me.Questions 19-21 are based on theconversation you have just heard.19. What does the man say aboutscience fiction films?20. What opinion do the speakersshare about the film they have just seen?21. What to be learned about Jason and Cargon?听力长对话原文2Conversation TwoM: Can I ask you about yourevening class? What class do you go to?W: Car Maintenance.M: What night of the week is iton?W: Wednesday night.M: And how long does it last?W: Well, it supposed to start at6:00, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty gettingthrough the traffic. So we start at 6: 30 and it goes on until 9 o'clock.M: And what was your reason forwanting to do the class?W: Well, I just bought my firstcar and I don't know anything about cars. So I thought it was a goodopportunity to learn. I guess most people in the class are in the samesituation.M: Um, and what do you actuallydo? Do you bring the car along to the class?W: Yes, we do. And in the firstpart of the lesson, the first half hour, the man who runs the class will gothough some particular part of the car, and we'll learn about it. And then wespend the rest of the time actually working on our own cars, the same problem.M: And how many people are therein the class?W: Mm, I think 16, but 3 quartersof them are women. It's quite interesting because the man is obliviously usedto teaching man. And he always starts his sentence by saying, "Wow, youchaps, hello." And then he stops and says "Oh, and you woman, ur, youladies, but...ur..."M: Huh huh... sounds funny.Questions 22-25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.22. What does the woman say abouther evening class?23. Why did the woman want toattend the class?24. What do the people who attendthe class do in the first part of the lesson?25. What do we learn about theparticipants in the class?听力短文原文Passage 1We don't choose friends on thebasis of how much money they have, of course, but vast differences can bedisturbing to both sides. Aaron, for example, is single, and earns a very goodsalary. Her friend, Pat, a divorced mother of three, is struggling to make endsmeet. "We are both frequent theatergoers," Aaron explains, "andI'll gladly pay for two tickets, just to have Pat's company at plays andconcerts. But she won't go anywhere unless she can pay her own way. I hate togo alone. So we both stay home. It all seems so silly." Pat sees thesituation differently. After an unhappy marriage to a man who tried to controlher without considering her wishes and feelings, she says, "It's very importantto me to carry my own weight. I'm not comfortable in any relationship where allI do is take."The difficult situation finally changed when Aaron moved recently. Pat's childrenwere with their father, so she took a picnic lunch to her friend's new place,and then spent the day helping her unpack and get settled. "I was sograteful," Aaron says, "but I persuaded Pat to let me return thefavor in my own way with season tickets to our little theater group. I thinkshe's beginning to recognize that she contributes as much to our friendship asI do.".Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passageyou have just heard.26. What do we learn about Pat?27. What draws Aaron and Pat together?28. What does Aaron do to return Pat's favor?29. What do we learn aboutfriendship from the passage?Passage 2Sun School, in the town of Ashburton,England, is a day school for children aged 10 to 18. It is based on the valueof social equality between students and staff, and has few rules. Sun Schoolbelieves that the healthy growth of a child is more important than academicsuccess. It offers a variety of lessons and activities for students to choosefrom and free time for children to follow their own interests. Classes aresmall and based on the individual needs of each child. The timetable is fixed,but democratically decided and students are expected to attend. The weeklyschool meeting is at the center of the way. Sun school is organized. It makesall the decisions that affect the school, including rules, the timetable andaccepting or rejecting new students and teachers. Participating in thesemeetings gives the children an understanding of democratic decision-making andhelps them develop their skills of argument and persuasion. The most importantadvantage of the school meeting is that it shows the children that the schoolis really theirs. They have the right to decide on changes. And the school'ssuccess or failure depends on their decisions and their behavior. Sun Schoolemploys no cooking or cleaning staff, these jobs are done by the students andteachers. Decorating and simple repairs are also done by the students, it isbelieved that for the school to truly belong to those who use it, they musttake responsibility for its maintenance.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passageyou've just heard.30. What value is Sun Schoolbased on?31. What is characteristic of theschool’s decision-making process?32. Why does Sun School askstudents to do the maintenance?Passage 3Well, to continue, as I mentionedearlier, there is also research that demonstrates that individuals performworse, not better on tasks when other people are there. R.W.Hubbert did aninteresting experiment. He had his subjects learn a finger maze. This is a gamein which you indicate with your finger the way through a complex system ofpassages or paths. The subjects who had an audience did worse than the subjectswho did alone.Nowhow can we explain these very different results? It seemed very confusing for along time. Social psychologist John Roberts finally cleared up the confusionabout why people sometimes perform better and sometimes worse in front of anaudience. Roberts found that the presence of an audience facilitates what youalready know how to do. That is, if you know what you are doing, having anaudience helps you do it better. But if you don’t already know how to dosomething, you will probably make some mistakes and you will make mistakes fora longer time if you have an audience. That’s exactly what happened to thesubjects who were learning the finger maze.Soif you are doing well, having an audience increases the chances that you willcontinue to do well. If you are doing badly, having an audience seem increasesthe chances that you will continue to do badly. Roberts cleverly pointed outthat when you are first learning something, you are better off working alonethan practicing with other people.Question 33 to 35 are based on the passageyou have just heard.33. What did the speaker probablydiscuss before coming to this part of the talk?34. When does the presence of anaudience facilitate your performance according to Roberts?35. What does Roberts think is abetter way to learn new things?。

2012年12月四级考试真题汇总版真题+听力原文+答案详解

2012年12月四级考试真题汇总版Part Ⅰ Writing1Direction：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essayentitled Education Pays You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Why Integrity MattersWhat is Integrity?"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" in the class; Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcriptnotation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away With It--Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.Cheating Hurts Others, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatant and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MattersIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A) sticks to them in their daily lifeB) makes them known to othersC) understands their true valuesD)sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spiritB) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trustD) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we don’t break any rules.D. so that we don’t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people’s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A) pay more dearlyB) become more confidentC) be widely admiredD) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to _______9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s _______10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders asa result of _______.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom.M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves?Q: What will the speakers probably do?12.M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall.I hope to see you there.W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow.Q: What do we learn about the woman?13.W: How long have you been running this company?M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operation to what it is today.Q: What do we learn about the man?14.M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year.W: I knew she would from the very beginning. Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it.Q: What does the woman mean?15.W: Taking a bus to Miami, it’s cheaper than going by train.M: That’s true. But I’d rather pay a little more for the added comfort and convenience.Q: What does the man mean?16.M: I think it’s time we got rid of all this old furniture.W: You’re right. We need to promote our image besides it’s not a real antique.Q: What do the speakers mean?17.M: That was some storm yesterday. How was I afraid I couldn’t make it home.W: Yeah, most of the roads to my house were flooded. I didn’t get home from the lab until midnight.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18.W: My boys are always complaining that they’re bored.M: Why don’t you get them into some team sports? My son and daughter play soccer every Saturday. And they both look forward to it all week.Q: What does the man mean?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: I don’t know what to do. I can’t seem to get anyone in the hospital to listen to my complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous. Just look at it.M: Hmm, uh, are you trying to say that it presents a health hazard?W: Yes, I am. The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to replace it, but they are trying to cut costs.M: You are pregnant, aren’t you?W: Yes, I am. I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department, but he urged me not to complain too loudly. Because the administrationis more likely to replace me than an X-ray equipment, I’m afraid to refuse to work. But I’m more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.M: I see what you mean. Well, as your union representative, I have to warn you that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful.W: Oh, what am I supposed to do then?M: Workers have the legal right to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws, the Occupation or Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act. But the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet.W: Do you think I have a good case?M: If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay, your lost income. But you have to be prepared for a long wait, maybe after two years.Q19. What does the woman complain about?Q20. What has the woman asked her supervisor to do?Q21. What does the man say about the two federal laws?Q22. What will the union do if the woman loses her jobQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Mr. Green, is it fair to say that negotiation is an art?M: Well, I think it’s both an art and science. You can prepare for a negotiation quite scientifically, but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with one’s artistic quality. The scientific part of a negotiation is in determining your strategy. What do you want out of it? What can you give? Then of course there are tactics. How do you go about it? Do you take an opening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for? And then of course there are the behavioral aspects.W: What do you mean by the behavioral aspects?M: Well, that’s I think where the art comes in. In your behavior, you can either be an actor. You can pretend that you don’t like things which you are actually quite pleased about. Or you can pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without. Or you can be the honest type negotiator who’s known to his partners innegotiation and always plays everything straight. But the artistic part of negotiation I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the process of negotiation. These can be verbal cues or even body language. This is where the artistic quality comes in.W: So really, you see two types of negotiator then, the actor or the honest one.M: That’ right. And both can work. I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in some circumstances. In other circumstances you need an actor.Q23. When is a scientific approach best embodied in a negotiation according to the man?Q24. In what way is a negotiator like an actor according to the man?Q25. What does the man say about the two types of negotiator?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buys something. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping cart. One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items. Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don’t mind waiting while I go get it.” Five minutes later, he is back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. Strange as it seems, customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customers will wait untilI announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says, “Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she’s forgotten hers. But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that’s something I can’t afford to forget.Q26. What does the speaker say about customers’ entering the grocery store?Q27. Which customers are supposed to be in the express line?Q28. What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter?Q29. What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk?Passage 2Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal. Speakers of these cultures often read oral presentations from carefully written manuscripts. On the other hand, American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers in other cultures. American audiences prefer natural, spontaneous delivery that conveys a lively sense of communication. They don’t relate well to speakers who read from a manuscript. If you use an outline of your ideas instead of a prepared text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention. The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language and style you use when writing. Well-written information, that is meant to be read, does not work as well when it is heard. It is, therefore, important for you to adapt written texts or outlines for presentations. Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing. They also use their own words and develop their own speaking styles. Whenever possible, they use short words. Listeners appreciate it when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation. One advantage is that it’s much easier for speakers to pronounce short words correctly. Another is that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.Question 30 to 3230. What does the speaker say American audiences prefer?31. What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation?32. What does the speaker focus on in the talk?Passage 3Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on the expert. We should let him do it himself. Let him figure out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or that. If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should be to help children when they tell us that they can’t find a way to get the right answer.Question 33 to 3533. How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker?34. What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker?35. What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the pas sage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general i dea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill inthe blanks numbered from 36 to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing inform ation. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.(听力原文)Time is, for the average American, of utmost importance. To the foreign visitor, Americans seem to be more concerned with getting things accomplished on time (according to a predetermined schedule) than they are with developing deep interpersonal relations. Schedules, for the American, are meant to be planned and then followed in the smallest detail. It may seem to you that most Americans are completely controlled by the little machines they wear on their wrists, cutting their discussions off abruptly to make it to their next appointment on time. Americans’ language is filled with references to time, giving a clear indication of how much it is valued. Time is something to be “on,” to be “kept,”“filled,”“saved,”“wasted,”“gained,”“planned,”“given,”“made the most of,”even “killed.” The international visitor soon learns that it is considered very rude to be late -- even by 10 minutes -- for an appointment in America. Time is so valued in America, because by considering time to be important one can clearly achieve more than if one “wastes” time and doesn’t keep busy. This philosophy has proven its worth. It has enabled Americans to be extremely productive, and productivity itself is highly valued in America. Many American proverbs stress the value of guarding time, using it wisely, and setting and working toward specific goals. Americans believe in spending their time and energy today so that the fruits of their labor may be enjoyed at a later time.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choicesgiven in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throughcarefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 is based on the following passage.So many people use the cell phones so frequently every day. But 47 little is certain about the health effects of its use. Manufacturers 48 that cell phones meet government standards for safe radio-frequency radiation emission, but enough studies are beginning to document a possible 49 in rare brain tumors (脑瘤)，headaches and behavioral disorders in children to cause concern. So far, theevidence isn’t 50 on whether the use of cell phones 51 to any increased risk of cancer . In a new trial, researchers asked 47 volunteers to 52 in a project to censure glucose (葡萄糖) consumption in the brain by scanning the brain to see how cells use energy. For both 50-minute scans, the volunteers had a cell phone 53 to each ear. During the first scan, the devices were turned off, but for the second scan, the phone on the right ear was 54 on and received a recorded-message call, although the volume was muted（消音）so the noise wouldn’t bias the results. The results of the second scan showed that the 55 of the brain nearest to the device had higher rates of glucose consumption than the rest of the brain. The study shows that cell phones can change brain activity,and 56 a whole new avenue for scientific inquiry, though it doesn’t say anything about whether cell-phone radiation can cause cancer.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

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