初中英语语法 不定代词 讲义
初中英语语法不定代词讲义(2021年整理)
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不定代词一、不定代词的定义:不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
不定代词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
不定代词可以分为一般不定代词和复合不定代词.二、一般不定代词及用法1. some/any 含义:“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
区别:1)。
some用于陈肯句;any用于疑问句或否定句。
I can see some flowers, but I can`t see any apples。
2)。
some 用在疑问句中有表示请求或建议的功能;any用在肯定句中有强调或加强语气的功能,意为“任何”。
Would you like some coffee?You may come at any time.2. many/much注意:“many”和“much”前可有so, too等词进行修饰。
There are too many mistakes in your diary。
So many people are waiting for the bus.Sorry, I’m afraid I can't go with you. I've got too much work to do.3。
few/a few/little/a littleHe has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
(完整)初中英语不定代词讲解及习题.doc
不定代词一、不定代词概述定义不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词常 见 some 类something, somebody, someone不 不 定 any 类 定 代词 no 类 代 every 类词其他all, each, both, none, one, much, many, (a)few, (a)little, either, neither,other, another充 当 作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分二、常见不定代词的基本用法1、 some 和 any: 都是“一些”的意思,都可与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用。
(1) some 一般用于肯定句中, any 一般用于否定句或疑问句中。
Eg. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2) 在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,应该用some而不用any 。
Eg. Would you please give me some paper?___________________________________________________________(3) 当 any 读。
表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时,可以用于肯定句,此时any 要重Eg. You may come at any time that is convenient to you.___________________________________________________________2、 表示数量的不定代词(1)many______, few_______, a few_______, 用以代替或修饰可数名词。
(2)much______, little_______, a little________, 用以代替或修饰不可数名词。
初中不定代词讲解及练习
不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
常见的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another,等,以及由 some, any, mething 等)。
some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即 somebody, someone, so有些不定代词用于指两者 (如 both, either, neither)有的不定代词用于指三者 (如 all, any, none, every)Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。
All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。
There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。
He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。
He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。
each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而 every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用 each ,不能用 every 。
如:不能说 There are trees on every side of the road.复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, any one, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。
八年级上单元1不定代词讲义
一、概念不定代词(Indefinite Pronouns): 不指明代替任何特定名次或形容词的代词叫不定代词。
具体常考不定代词用法及区别如下:1. some/any some(一些,某)一般用于肯定句中.any(一些,任何)多用于疑问句和否定句习题:There are trees in front of the house. Do you have problems?2.many/muchmany 后跟可数名词的复数形式。
much 后跟不可数名词。
常见考试时候会和too搭配:如:too many/too much 这两个短语的区别也是many和much的区别,too是一个程度副词起修饰作用,重点单词还是many和much。
如:常见的还有too much和much too的辨析,同理重点单词还是看后面too much重点单词为much后跟不可数名词,much too重点单词为too,它是一个程度副词后面需要跟adj/adv习题:there is rain these days。
There are students here。
Mr.Li is fat3.Both/all的区别Both用于两者之间“两者都”,both常和and连用,做主语时谓语动词用复数all用于三者及三者以上“所有人”all作主语时,谓语动词单复数由all后所跟名词单复数决定习题用(be动词)填空:1.both you and I interested in the story2.both the students working hard3.all the water used out4.all the apples red4.another/other(1)another区别泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个,I don’t want this book. Please show me another.(2)one ...the other1). 特指两个中的另一个They have two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.2). 修饰名词,特指(两者间)另一个、另一些Jim likes swimming, and the other boys like swimming, too.(3)others 泛指其他的人或物He often helps others. Some are singing, others are dancing.(4)the others 特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物There are 45 students in our class. 25 are girls, the others are boys.5.few, a few, little, a littleThere are few people knowing about him here. There are a few boys in the classroom.She knows little English. There is a little milk in the bottlefew和little与quite 或only 连用时,常加不定冠词aThere are quite a few books in the library.图书馆里有很多书。
初中不定代词讲解
1.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,isblue.
A.theotherB.othersC.otherD.another
2.Therewrongwithmyradio.
A.aresomethingB.areanythingC.isanythingD.issomething
3.I’mnotbusy.Ihaven’ttodo.
A few students are in the room.
(2)little“没有多少”,alittle“少量”,修饰不可数名词;
alittle表示肯定意义,little表示否定意义。
We have a little water. There is little water in the bottle.(几乎没有)
A.anyB.anotherC.noD.one
20.Therearefiftypupilsintheirclass.ofthemareLeaguemembers.
A.BothB.EitherC.AllD.Noone
21.ThestudentshaveonSunday.
A.noanyclassB.notclassC.noclassesD.noanyclass
Therearenoothers.没有别的了。
4.Theothers
意思是“其他东西,其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的(人或物)”。是theother的复数形式。如:Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.
两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里。theothers=theother+复数名词
Everybody is here.(单数)does everybody have a football?
不定代词讲解及练习总结
不定代词讲解及练习总结1. 不定代词的定义不定代词是一类特殊的代词,用来指代人或事物,但没有具体指向的对象。
它们可以在句子中作主语、宾语或定语,并且具有不确定性。
常见的不定代词有:somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing等。
2. 不定代词的用法不定代词在句子中的位置和用法与普通的代词相似,根据具体语境决定。
2.1 主语位置不定代词可以作为句子的主语,例如:- Somebody called me yesterday.(有人昨天给我打电话。
)- Anything is possible.(一切皆有可能。
)2.2 宾语位置不定代词可以作为及物动词的宾语,例如:- I can't find anybody here.(我在这里找不到任何人。
)- Have you seen something strange?(你见过什么奇怪的东西吗?)2.3 定语位置不定代词可以用作名词的修饰语,例如:- Is there anything important in the letter?(信中有重要的东西吗?)- I need somebody reliable to help me.(我需要一个可靠的人来帮助我。
)3. 不定代词的练为了更好地掌握不定代词的用法,以下是一些练题:3.1 单项选择题a) Everybodyb) Nobodyc) Anybody2. I don't have ____ to wear to the party.a) somethingb) anythingc) nothing3. ____ is waiting for you outside.a) Somebodyb) Anybodyc) Nobody3.2 句子改写题将以下句子改写成含有不定代词的句子:1. We have a lot of books.(改写成含不定代词的句子)2. The teacher needs a volunteer.(改写成含不定代词的句子)4. 总结不定代词在英语中起着重要的作用,它们可以用来指代不确定的人或事物,并且可以在句子中的不同位置使用。
初中英语语法——不定代词
初中英语语法——不定代词初中英语语法——不定代词不明确指代某个人,某个事物,某些人,某些事物的代词叫做不定代词。
不定代词用法比拟复杂,在掌握各个不定代词的用法时有必要把意义相近,用法不同的不定代词进行比拟。
不定代词分为两大类,即普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
不定代词根本用法all some any (1) 用作形容词,其后跟不可数名词和复数可数名词。
(2) 用作代词,可单独使用,也可跟“of+不可数名词和复数可数名词〞。
both (a)few many(1) 用作形容词,其后跟复数可数名词。
(2) 用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数可数名词〞,也可单用。
(a)little much (1) 用作形容词,其后跟复数可数名词。
(2) 用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数可数名词〞,也可单用。
each either neither (1) 用作形容词,其后可跟单数可数名词。
(2) 用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数名词〞,也可单用。
another other 用作形容词,前者与单数可数名词连用,而后者可跟单数可数名词或复数名词,两者都可以与“数字+复数可数名词〞或one连用。
出题点: (1) some和any的用法(2) many和much的用法(3) few, a few, little, a little的用法(4) one, it和that的用法区别(5) other(s)和the other(s)的用法区别(6) none, no one, neither, either的用法区none 只用作代词,代替可数或不可数名词,其后可用“of+ 复数可数名词或不可数名词〞。
everyno只用作形容词,作定语。
复合不定代词这类代词之后通常不跟of短语,但其后可跟形容词作后置定语。
由-body和-one 构成的复合代词之后可跟else,而且可用所有格(-'s)形式。
1.some, any(1) 表示“一些〞时,some和any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
英语八年级上册知识讲义不定代词(Units1-2语法归纳)-人教新目标版
英语八年级上册知识讲义不定代词(Units1-2语法归纳)-人教新目标版知识梳理:【教材原句】Did you go with anyone? 你和其他人一起去的吗?No. No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. 不。
没人在这儿。
大家都在度假。
Everything tasted really good! 一切尝起来都很棒!【概念】不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。
【常见的不定代词】everything 每件事;一切1. some系列的词主要用于肯定句中;any系列的词主要用于疑问句、否定句中。
它们都既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。
【例句】There is something wrong with her. 她生病了。
There isn’t anyone in the classroom. 教室里没有人。
提示:在Would you like sth.?一类的问句中用some,不用any。
2. 由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
【例句】Everyone in China likes the Spring Festival. 在中国,人人都喜欢春节。
3. 形容词修饰不定代词时,通常放在不定代词的后面。
【例句】Please do something special. 请做些特别的事情吧。
4. 几组不定代词的区别:① both, either, neither这三个词都指两者,both表示“两者都”,either表示“两者中的任何一个”,neither表示“两者都不”。
【例句】—Which do you like better, tea or coffee? 你更喜欢哪个,茶还是咖啡?—Neither, I like water better. 两者都不,我更喜欢水。
② a few; few;a little; little★ a few, few用来修饰可数名词,a little, little用来修饰不可数名词。
不定代词的用法讲解
不定代词的用法讲解一、不定代词的定义及基本用法不定代词是指用以代替特定人或物的代词,但并未明确指出具体指代的人或物。
它们在英语中起到简化句子结构和增添语义丰富度的作用。
不定代词一般分为以下几类:some, any, no, every, each, none, all等。
下面将详细讲解这些不定代词的用法及相关注意事项。
二、some和any的区别及用法1. some- 用于肯定句中,表示数量不确定但肯定存在;- 可表示请求、建议或邀请,表达有礼貌地征询对方意愿;- 也可表示疑问,询问对方是否同意。
例句:- There are some books on the desk.(桌子上有一些书。
)- Would you like some tea?(你想来点茶吗?)- Can I borrow some money?(我能借点钱吗?)2. any- 通常在否定句或疑问句中使用;- 表示任何可用、可选择的事物,并无限制。
例句:- I don't have any brothers or sisters.(我没有兄弟姐妹。
)- Have you seen any good movies recently?(你最近看过什么好电影吗?)三、no的使用以及相关用法1. no- 用于否定陈述句中,表示一个或多个人或物不存在;- 也可用于对方提问时给出否定回答。
例句:- There are no apples left in the basket.(篮子里没有苹果了。
)- Is there any milk in the fridge? - No, there isn't.(冰箱里有牛奶吗?——没有。
)2. none- 表示“没有任何一个”,用于否定句中。
例句:- None of them can solve this math problem.(他们谁都不能解决这个数学问题。
)四、every和each的不同用法和意义1. every- 意为“每一”,指代某类事物中的个体,强调全面性。
(完整版)不定代词用法讲解
不定代词讲解~详细一、不定代词some 与any 的用法区别一般说来,不定代词some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。
但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some 而不用any:Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗?Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢?Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗?【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”:Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。
Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。
二、不定代词many 与much 的用法以及区别不定代词many 和much 都表示“许多”,但many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与few(少数)相对;而much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。
在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中:Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗?We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。
Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。
You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。
Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。
I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。
辨析:too much;much too;too many1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如:Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害?You've given me too much.你给我的太多了.We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了.2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如:He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了.It is much too cold.天实在太冷了.3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如:They built too many buildings last year.去年他们建了许多楼房.三、either、neither的用法以及区别1、用作副词。
(完整)初中英语语法不定代词讲义.doc
不定代词一、不定代词的定义:不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
不定代词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
不定代词可以分为一般不定代词和复合不定代词。
二、一般不定代词及用法1.some/any 含义:“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
区别: 1). some 用于陈肯句; any 用于疑问句或否定句。
I can see some flowers, but I can`t see any apples.2). some 用在疑问句中有表示请求或建议的功能;any 用在肯定句中有强调或加强语气的功能,意为“任何”。
Would you like some coffee?You may come at any time.2. many/much“许多”区别例句many+可数名词How many people are there at the meeting?much+不可数名词How much time has we left?注意:“many”和“much”前可有 so, too 等词进行修饰。
There are too many mistakes in your diary.So many people are waiting for the bus.Sorry, I ’ m afraid I can ’ t go with you. I ’ ve got too much work to do.3. few/a few/little/a little修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词含义few little 否定含义,几乎没有a few a little 肯定含义,还有一点He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time. There is little time left.4. both, either, neither, all, every, none使用范围单词中文释义例句两both 两者都Both of the boys are clever.个人either 两者中任何一个Either of the two boys is clever.或物neither 两者都不Neither of the two boys is clever.以all 所有的,全部All the flowers are gone.上三者every 每一Every student is here.及none都不I like none of the flowers.5.“ other、”“another、”“others和”“the others”易混淆范含other泛指其他的the other(one⋯,the other⋯) = 2 另一个another ≥ 3 另一个others = other+ 名复数剩余非全部其他的the others 剩余全部其他的I have two pencils. One is yellow, the other is red.I don’ t like this green pencil, please give me another one.In our class, some students like playing football, others like playing basketball.There are seven people in Running Man. One is a woman, and the others are men.三、复合不定代及用法1. 复合不定代的构成:复合不定代是由some-,any-,no-,every- 加上 -one,-body ,-thing 所成的不定代。
2024年英语中考语法专项复习不定代词讲义
中考语法专项复习不定代词4. the other, another如,There are ten students here.Where are the others?Some people like sports. Others like reading.5. few / a few little/a little否定肯定加可数名词few a few加不可数名词little a little如You have few friends, have you?二、复合不定代词/副词指人指物指地点Some(肯定某个)Someone/body某人Something某物、某事Somewhere某地某个地方Any (否定句/疑问句任何的) Anybody/ one任何人Anything任何事Anywhere任何地方Every (每个的)Everybody/one每个人Everything每件事Everywhere每个地方No(不,没有)Nobody/ no one没有人Nothing什么都没有Nowhere不在某处,没有什么地方注意:1复合不定代词或副词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面。
2不定代词应被看作单数,即使用and连接两个不定代词,也要看作单数,如:Anyone and everyone has the right. 任何人,每一个人都有这样的权力。
即时训练一、用the other, another, neither, both , a11 ,none 填空1. If the question is answered incorrectly, _____ question will be given to you2.—Which would you like to drink, coffee or orange juice?— . Please give me a cup of tea.3. —Where would you like to go, Jinan or Qufu?— . I only want to go to Qingdao.4. Sam looks like his Dad. They are ______ tall.5. Which of the two Tshirts will you take?I’ll take ______, one of my brother, the other for myself.6.What do you usually do in your spare time, playing the violin or the piano?I do ___________of them.I practice singing with some volunteers. 7—How heavily it rained this early morning.—Yes. But of the students in our class was late for school.8. –Would you like some coffee or tea?–I don’t mind. ________ is OK.9. The books are so nice, which one can I take?— Oh, you can take _________ of them. I’ll keep none.10. My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, _______ is black.二、单项选择1. –Mum, can I have something________?–Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is________ in the kitchen.A. to drink; nothing elseB. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something elseD. eating; nothing else2. I’m leaving for the exam. Byebye, Mum.Well, make sure you’ve got ______ ready.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing3. How can I make friends in a new school?Say hello to______ to you today,and you can have a friend tomorrow.A.new someone B.someone new C.new anyone4.When I returned to my hometown, I was nearly lost. Almost_______ had changed.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. everything5. —Who helped you clean the classroom yesterday?_______.I cleaned it all by myself.6.—Can I have some more ice cream,Mum?Sorry. There is _______left in the fridge.C.no one7. She is new here, so we know about her.A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything8.—Oh,you’re reading a newspaper .Is there _______in it?I don’t know. I read it just now.A.new somethingB.anything newC.something new9. There are only_________new words in the passage,but I know ______of them.A.some;allB.a few;noneC.lots of;a fewD.few;none10.—Your tea,please.There must be_______in the tea.I like this kind of tea with sugar.A.nothing sweetB.something sweetC.sweet somethingD.sweet nothing参考答案一、1. another 2。
不定代词讲解(初中英语语法)
不定代词㈠some 的用法(1)some 通常指不定数量“一些”修饰代替可数名词复数或不可数名词,即可以指人,又可以指物。
常用在肯定句中。
e.g. He has some Chinese paintings.Some like sports, others like music.(2)some 也可以用在表示“请求,建议,反问”的句子中,期待得到对方的肯定回答。
e.g. Would you like some coffee?Didn’t he give you some books?(3) some 有时可以修饰单数可数名词,表示“某个”e.g. This morning, some boy asked for you.There must be some reason for what he’s done.(4) some 也可以修饰数词,表示“大约”e.g. It took me some twenty days to get there.㈡any 的用法(1)不定代词any和some一样表示不定数量“一些”,修饰和代替可数名词复数和不可数名词,既可指人又可指物。
但一般用在否定句、疑问句,条件从句中。
e.g. Ask me if you have any questions?Do you have any questions to ask?I don't know any of the students.Do you have any questions? If you have any, don' t hesitate to ask me.There isn't any tea left. I'll go and make some for you.(2)用于肯定句中,表示“任何—个”,修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词。
e.g. I don't know any of you.Any child can answer that question.㈢no的用法(1)不定代词no只有形容词性质.—般作定浯来构成否定句,表示“不是”、“没有"’。
不定代词讲解初中英语语法 -【完整版】
不定代词㈠ome 的用法1ome 通常指不定数量“一些”修饰代替可数名词复数或不可数名词,即可以指人,又可以指物。
常用在肯定句中。
He ha ome Chinee e over ome eveningThe tod u both to waitI've met them both before㈥ a的用法1当a做主语时,常代表三个以上的人,谓语动词用复数形式;指事物或情况时。
往往表示“—切”、“所有的”意思,常被看作单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式。
当 a做定语时,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。
a具有名词和形容词性质,常表示“全体”、“所有的”、“一切”的意思;在句中可用做主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语或状语。
A are hereA i nownShe ha tod me a about itBi viited a of uThat' aI that a ou can heeA the aericaWe a want to have a trHe i a ecitedShe wa a wet2当a用做主语时,如果后面跟有人称代词。
须在它们之间加上of;如果后面跟的是名词,它们之间可 of,也可不加。
A of them are from BeiingA of the boo are here3当a做同位语时.它在句中的位置随谓语动词而定。
当谓语动词是实义动词时,a放在动词前面;谓语动词是be时.a放在be后面;谓语是由情态动词或助动词加实义动词组成时,a放在它们之间。
The a now the anwerThe are a tudentYou can a go home4 当a 用做人称代词宾语的同位语时,a 放在宾语后面。
如 ou a, them a, u aI’ have to thin about them a again㈦ each 的用法each具有名词和形容词的性质,在句中可用做主语、定语、宾语和同位语。
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不定代词
一、不定代词的定义:
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
不定代词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
不定代词可以分为一般不定代词和复合不定代词。
二、一般不定代词及用法
1. some/any 含义:“一些”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
区别:1). some用于陈肯句;any用于疑问句或否定句。
I can see some flowers, but I can`t see any apples.
2). some 用在疑问句中有表示请求或建议的功能;any用在肯定句中有强调或加强语气的功能,意为“任何”。
Would you like some coffee?
You may come at any time.
2. many/much
注意:“many”和“much”前可有so, too等词进行修饰。
There are too many mistakes in your diary. So many people are waiting for the bus.
Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t go with you. I’ve got too much work to do.
3. few/a few/little/a little
He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time. There is little time left.
4. both, either, neither, all, every, none
5. “other” 、“another”、“others”和“the others”
I have two pencils. One is yellow, the other is red.
I don’t like this green pencil, please give me another one.
In our class, some students like playing football, others like playing basketball.
There are seven people in Running Man. One is a woman, and the others are men.
三、复合不定代词及用法
1. 复合不定代词的构成:复合不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上-one,-body,-thing 所组成的不定代词。
注意:形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else要置于复合不定代词之后。
There’s nothing else in the fridge.冰箱里没有其他的东西了。
2. some-类的复合不定代词常用于肯定句或征求意见的疑问句中;any-类的复合不定
代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
Someone wants to talk with you. 有人想和你说话。
Can I have something to drink, please? 请问我可以喝点东西吗?
He doesn’t want to do anything. 他不想做任何事情。
3. any-类的复合不定代词与not连用,相当于no-类的复合不定代词。
There is not anything(= nothing) in that box. 那个盒子里没有什么东西。
4. no one可以用于回答who引导的疑问句,不能回答how many引导的疑问句。
---Who knows the answer to the question? 谁知道这个问题的答案。
---No one. 没有人知道。
5. every-类的复合不定代词与not连用,表示部分否定。
Not everybody likes watching TV. 并非人人都喜欢看电视。
Not everything is like what you said. 不是一切都像你说的那样。
6. –one类和-body类的复合不定代词之后可以加上-‘s构成所有格。
He just found someo ne’s wallet.他刚刚发现别人的钱包。
一、重难点
1.在否定句中not...any的意义相当于no。
There isn’t any (= is no) water in the bottle.
2. some用于可数名词单数前,表示“某个”。
Some careless man has taken my umbrella.
某个粗心大意的人拿走了我的雨伞。
3. everyone意为“人人、每人”,只指人,不指物,其后不能跟of短语;every one意为“每个”,可以指人,也可以指物,后面可以跟of短语。
与every搭配的不定代词后,谓语用单数形式。
Everyone in the class passed the math exam.这次数学考试班上人人都及格了。
Every one of us must study hard.我们中每一位都必须努力学习。
二、易错点:
1. 在征求意见的疑问句中或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,常用some.
Would you like some dessert? 你要吃些甜点吗?
2. both和all与not连用时表示部分否定,意为“并非......都......”。
如:
Both my parents are not doctors.并非我的父母都是医生。
3. each 表示“每一”,可以跟单数可数名词,也可以单独使用。
each强调个体,可以用于两者之间,可以用于三者或三者以上之间,可以和of连用。
在句中可以作主语、宾语或同位语。
作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Each student can spend 10yuan.每个学生能花10元钱。
Each of his children goes to a different school. 他的每个孩子都在不同的学校读书。
冠词
冠词是说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词,置于名词之前,它不能离开名词而单独存在。
冠词的分类:不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。
一、不定冠词
1. 不定冠词的搭配:
不定冠词有a和an两个,表示“一个”,“一类”或“一”,可以说是单数名词的帽子,用于单数名词之前。
2. 不定冠词的用法
3. 不定冠词常用在某些固定词组中,
a lot (of) 许多,大量 a little 一点儿 a few 一些,少数几个
in a hurry 匆忙have a cold 感冒make a face 做鬼脸
a number of许多 a pair of 一对have a good time过得愉快
have a swim=swim have a walk=walk have a look=look
have a talk=talk
二、定冠词
定冠词只包含一个“the”,用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。
区别于不定冠词,定冠词具有确定的意思,用以特指人或事物。
1. 定冠词的基本用法
2. 定冠词的其他用法
三、零冠词
零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词( a/an )、定冠词( the ),也没有其他限定词的现象。
1. 零冠词的基本用法
2. 不用冠词的其他情况
二、易错点:
1. 不定冠词a用在辅音音素前,而不是用在辅音字母前;an用在元音音素前,而不是用在元音字母前。
如:a European, a university, an hour, an honest boy。
2. 零冠词中,国名、人名前不加冠词,是指单纯词形式的词,如:England, America, Frank;不能是合成词,如:the United States of America。
3. 当由介词by加交通工具表达交通方式时,不加冠词(但是由动词take加交通工具时,则需要用冠词),例如:by bus=take a bus; by taxi=take a taxi。