0英文摘要写作技巧

英文摘要写作技巧

一、标题

（一）要求

1．简明扼要（short and concise）

（1）尽量控制在一行，但不是一个句子

（2）不超过25个单词或120-140个字母

（3）除DNA、RNA、CT等不用缩写

2．信息丰富(informative)

3．便于索引（indexing）

4．较长标题可采用副标题

（二）标题写作中常用词组和表达方式

1．用…（方法／手段）对…进行研究／分析／观察／评价：

Study(analysis/observation/evaluation/assessment) of (on) …(by) using 方法/with工具）

2．A对B的作用

Effort of A on B

Protective effect of omeprazole on endothelin-induced gastric mucosal injury

3．A与B的关系

Correlation (relation/relationship) between A and B

Correlation of A with B and C

常用修饰词：positively/negatively/significantly/insignificantly

标题写作中常用词组和表达方式

4．用…治疗…

Use of …in the treatment of …(病）in …（生物）

Use of omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer in the elderly

5．A是B

A as B

二、著录部分书写

（一）姓名

标准式：W ANG Luowei，HUANG Yingfeng，GUO Xiao’an （二）地址

800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R.China

（三）资助

A project funded by the National “863” Program

三、摘要的分类与格式

摘要是作者要给读者的精华，分两大类：

（一）指示性摘要

（二）资料性摘要

1．非结构式摘要

缺点：段落不明，给编辑、审稿、阅读和计算机处理带来诸多不便2．全结构式摘要（8要素摘要）

（1）目的

（2）设计

（3）地点

（4）对象

（5）处理

（6）主要测定项目

（7）结果

（8）结论

全结构式摘要的优点

（1）观点更明确

（2）信息量更大

（3）差错更少

（4）符合计算机数据库建立和使用的要求

全结构式摘要的缺点：烦琐、重复、篇幅过长3．半结构式摘要（四要素摘要）

（1）目的（objective/purpose/aim）

（2）方法（methods）

（3）结果（results）

（4）结论（conclusion）

u 目的

是主题，是作者相要介绍的关键问题

一、目的格式

（一）单表目的

（二）背景＋目的

二、目的常用时态

（一）背景：现在时（一般现在时、完成时和进行时）

（二）目的：一般现在时／现在完成时，或一般过去时

举例：

（1）To evaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric pH levels of infusions with omeprazole and H2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients.

（2）The role of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacter pylori resistance on treatment outcome are not established. This study investigated the role of omeprazole and influence of primary H. pylori resistance on eradication and development of secondary resistance.

三、介绍目的常用句型

主要用动词不定式to表达

1．直接用to do短语表达

举例：To determine if use of omeprazole protects against the gastric mucosal injury

2．The purpose/aim/objective/goal(of present study is)was to

举例：The aim of this study was to determine the protective function of omeprazole on gastric mucosal injury3．The present study is /was designed/devised/intended to

举例：The present study was designed to establish whether there might be a genetic predisposition to an altered pattern of anti-inflammatory cytokine produced in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

4．This study was performed/conducted/carried out/undertaken to

举例：An experimental study was conducted using a canine mode to elucidate …5．We aimed/sought to/attempted to

举例：We sought to assess whether there is an increased risk of tuberculosis among individuals who work in certain industries occupations.

四、介绍目的常用动词

1．研究：study, investigate, examine, observe, explore

举例：Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.

2．评价：evaluate, validate

举例：To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patients with abdominal trauma.

3．确定：determine, decide, confirm, support, define, characterize 4．证实：prove, demonstrate, document, test, support, testify, verify 5．阐明、搞清：explain, elucidate, clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to the knowledge of

6．介绍：describe, present, report

7．建立：establish, develop, set out