非谓语动词复习
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instead of Zhang. 3. My parents expect me _____to__g_o___( go ) to an
ideal university. 4. The doctor advised the patient ______to__ta_k_e__
( take ) two pills every four hours. 5. He determined me_____t_o_t_e_ll_____( tell ) everything.
2．不定式作表语
1. Her work is __to__lo_o_k( look ) after the
children. 2. My aim is __to__g_o_( go ) to TsingHua
University. 3. She seemed _to__th_in_k_( think ) about the
B) [watch, hear, observe, feel, listen (to), notice, see, make, let, have(使), etc. ] + sb. + 动词原形 + sth. + done +sb\sth+ doing Notice: 1. get +sb\sth +to do 2. let + sth. + be done 3. 如果变成被动结构，就必须带to。
5. We felt the house ______( shake) in the earthquake.
6. Do you like listening to other people ______ ( talk )? Have you ever heard him ______( tell ) a lie?
B) 1. ______(save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operation on her.
2. He hurried to the station only _____ ( find ) the train left.
不定式在作表语/ 补语的形容词后面作状语， 用主动形式表被动意思。 This question is difficult _____ (answer). Do you think him easy_____ (work) with? We find this rule hard _____ (remember).
It’s kind of you to think so much of us.
It’s unwise of him to leave home at once.
It ‘s wrong of him to speak bad behind others.
It’s wrong of the south to break away from the Union.
made the students surprised.
2) change the sentences above into the ones using “it” as form subject.
3)
A: 如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的， 可以在不定式前加一个由 for 引起的短语。
It is easy for the students to read.
Warm up exercises: 1) change the following into the infinitive 1. _T_o_d_ie__( die ) for people is a glorious thing. 2. _T_o_t_a_lk_( talk ) with him is a great pleasure. 3. _T_o_h_e_lp_( help ) others is our duty. 4. _To__s_e_e_( see ) is to believe. 5. _T_o_s_it__(sit) at the back of the classroom
problem.
4. They appeared __t_o_a_g_r_e_e_( agree ) with what we said.
不定式作be动词的表语时可以和主语部分调换，说明主 语的内容。
3．不定式作宾语：
有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常 见的动词有：
want, demand, hope, wish, expect; like, hate; start, begin; fail, help, offer, try, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, agree, plan, determine, prefer, intend, etc.
不定式中作结果状语的注意点：
1）某些形容词在“too…to…”结构中表示肯 定，这类词是：anxious, eager, glad, ready, surprised, willing…
She was too surprised to see how angry her father was.
2）在not, never, only, all, but的 “too…to…”结构中，“too”的含义为“very”， 不定式没有否定含义。
7. Who would you like to have______( go ) with?
8. Who would you like to have ______ (play) the game?
9. What song did you hear ______( sing )?
10. We saw the house ______( burn ) to the ground when we reached there.
分词 相当于形容词、副词。作表语、
定语、宾语补足语、状语。
3．语态：
必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关 系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。
逻辑主语能发出该动作 （发） 逻辑主语不能发出该动作 （收） 不发不收用结构：
动词不定式：用独立结构。 动名词：用复合结构。 分词：用独立主格结构
不定式
1．不定式作主语：
1. We can’t let this ______(go) on.
2. I will not let my children ______(treat) in that way.
3. John made him ______( tell ) everything.
4. The two boys were sorry indeed to see him ______(go).
5.不定式作定语
Change the following into infinitives. 1. He was the first person that came to the
classroom this morning. 2. Do you have anything that you want to say? 3. Here are some books that you can read. 4. He thought out a plan _____ (punish) Tom. 5. He is always the last _____ (come) to office . 6. Please give me a knife _____ (cut) the apples
He seldom comes except to look at my pictures.
We have no choice but to wait outside. They could do nothing but ask for help.
4.不定式作宾语补足语
A) 1. I didn’t want my parents __to__h_e_lp__( help ) me. 2. We’d prefer you __t_o_t_a_ke______( take ) the job
A)Substitution:
He got up early so that he could catch the first bus to the town. He got up early_____ _____ _____ catch the first bus.
We must work hard at English in order that we can contact foreigners freely. We must work hard at English _____ _____ ____ contact foreigners freely.
make…
He found it important to study Russian.
The computer makes it possible to calculate faster.
不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，只有在极 少数介词如 ：but, except等后才行，此时 不定式可带 to 或不带 to。
It will be a mistake for us to help you.
B: 下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常加一个 of 引起 的短语，这些形容词是： (表评价性的，来说明逻辑主语的性质，特征，属性）
kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, wronห้องสมุดไป่ตู้, right, careless, rude, polite,naughty etc.
He was so frightened that he could hardly say anything. He was______ frightened _______say anything. He was ______ brave ______ ______say anything.
He was so young that he could not go to school. He was _____ young _____ go to school. He was not _____ ______ _____ go to school.
4. My daughter preferred _to_d_a_n_c_e_ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.
5. He had promised __t_o_g_iv_e__ ( give ) me a hand.
如作宾语的不定式有自己的补语，须用先 行词 it作 form object，而将真正的宾语不 定式后置。 think, find, feel, consider,
with.
作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后面须有 相应的介词。
6.不定式作状语
状语的形式很多，有目的、结果、原因、 条件、让步、比较、方式、伴随等，但目 的、结果要用不定式。
目的状语还可用
in order to 或so as to来表示 结果状语还可用
so…as to…, such…as to…, enough to…, too…to…, only to…等结 构来表示
1. They wanted __to__g_et___( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?
2. He said he wished ___t_o_b_e____( be ) a professor.
3. I agreed____to_g_o____ ( go ) there with the doctor.
非谓语动词
1．性质：它具有动词的特点，
但在句子中起着名词、形容词、 副词的作用，充当主语、表语、 定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语 的作用，即：除谓语以外的一切 成分。
2．形式
不定式 相当于名词、形容词、副词。
充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语 补足语、状语。
动名词 相当于名词充当主语、表语、
定语、宾语。
ideal university. 4. The doctor advised the patient ______to__ta_k_e__
( take ) two pills every four hours. 5. He determined me_____t_o_t_e_ll_____( tell ) everything.
2．不定式作表语
1. Her work is __to__lo_o_k( look ) after the
children. 2. My aim is __to__g_o_( go ) to TsingHua
University. 3. She seemed _to__th_in_k_( think ) about the
B) [watch, hear, observe, feel, listen (to), notice, see, make, let, have(使), etc. ] + sb. + 动词原形 + sth. + done +sb\sth+ doing Notice: 1. get +sb\sth +to do 2. let + sth. + be done 3. 如果变成被动结构，就必须带to。
5. We felt the house ______( shake) in the earthquake.
6. Do you like listening to other people ______ ( talk )? Have you ever heard him ______( tell ) a lie?
B) 1. ______(save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operation on her.
2. He hurried to the station only _____ ( find ) the train left.
不定式在作表语/ 补语的形容词后面作状语， 用主动形式表被动意思。 This question is difficult _____ (answer). Do you think him easy_____ (work) with? We find this rule hard _____ (remember).
It’s kind of you to think so much of us.
It’s unwise of him to leave home at once.
It ‘s wrong of him to speak bad behind others.
It’s wrong of the south to break away from the Union.
made the students surprised.
2) change the sentences above into the ones using “it” as form subject.
3)
A: 如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的， 可以在不定式前加一个由 for 引起的短语。
It is easy for the students to read.
Warm up exercises: 1) change the following into the infinitive 1. _T_o_d_ie__( die ) for people is a glorious thing. 2. _T_o_t_a_lk_( talk ) with him is a great pleasure. 3. _T_o_h_e_lp_( help ) others is our duty. 4. _To__s_e_e_( see ) is to believe. 5. _T_o_s_it__(sit) at the back of the classroom
problem.
4. They appeared __t_o_a_g_r_e_e_( agree ) with what we said.
不定式作be动词的表语时可以和主语部分调换，说明主 语的内容。
3．不定式作宾语：
有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。常 见的动词有：
want, demand, hope, wish, expect; like, hate; start, begin; fail, help, offer, try, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, agree, plan, determine, prefer, intend, etc.
不定式中作结果状语的注意点：
1）某些形容词在“too…to…”结构中表示肯 定，这类词是：anxious, eager, glad, ready, surprised, willing…
She was too surprised to see how angry her father was.
2）在not, never, only, all, but的 “too…to…”结构中，“too”的含义为“very”， 不定式没有否定含义。
7. Who would you like to have______( go ) with?
8. Who would you like to have ______ (play) the game?
9. What song did you hear ______( sing )?
10. We saw the house ______( burn ) to the ground when we reached there.
分词 相当于形容词、副词。作表语、
定语、宾语补足语、状语。
3．语态：
必须搞清逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关 系，从而来确定非谓语动词态的语态。
逻辑主语能发出该动作 （发） 逻辑主语不能发出该动作 （收） 不发不收用结构：
动词不定式：用独立结构。 动名词：用复合结构。 分词：用独立主格结构
不定式
1．不定式作主语：
1. We can’t let this ______(go) on.
2. I will not let my children ______(treat) in that way.
3. John made him ______( tell ) everything.
4. The two boys were sorry indeed to see him ______(go).
5.不定式作定语
Change the following into infinitives. 1. He was the first person that came to the
classroom this morning. 2. Do you have anything that you want to say? 3. Here are some books that you can read. 4. He thought out a plan _____ (punish) Tom. 5. He is always the last _____ (come) to office . 6. Please give me a knife _____ (cut) the apples
He seldom comes except to look at my pictures.
We have no choice but to wait outside. They could do nothing but ask for help.
4.不定式作宾语补足语
A) 1. I didn’t want my parents __to__h_e_lp__( help ) me. 2. We’d prefer you __t_o_t_a_ke______( take ) the job
A)Substitution:
He got up early so that he could catch the first bus to the town. He got up early_____ _____ _____ catch the first bus.
We must work hard at English in order that we can contact foreigners freely. We must work hard at English _____ _____ ____ contact foreigners freely.
make…
He found it important to study Russian.
The computer makes it possible to calculate faster.
不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，只有在极 少数介词如 ：but, except等后才行，此时 不定式可带 to 或不带 to。
It will be a mistake for us to help you.
B: 下列形容词作表语时，不定式前常加一个 of 引起 的短语，这些形容词是： (表评价性的，来说明逻辑主语的性质，特征，属性）
kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, wronห้องสมุดไป่ตู้, right, careless, rude, polite,naughty etc.
He was so frightened that he could hardly say anything. He was______ frightened _______say anything. He was ______ brave ______ ______say anything.
He was so young that he could not go to school. He was _____ young _____ go to school. He was not _____ ______ _____ go to school.
4. My daughter preferred _to_d_a_n_c_e_ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.
5. He had promised __t_o_g_iv_e__ ( give ) me a hand.
如作宾语的不定式有自己的补语，须用先 行词 it作 form object，而将真正的宾语不 定式后置。 think, find, feel, consider,
with.
作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后面须有 相应的介词。
6.不定式作状语
状语的形式很多，有目的、结果、原因、 条件、让步、比较、方式、伴随等，但目 的、结果要用不定式。
目的状语还可用
in order to 或so as to来表示 结果状语还可用
so…as to…, such…as to…, enough to…, too…to…, only to…等结 构来表示
1. They wanted __to__g_et___( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?
2. He said he wished ___t_o_b_e____( be ) a professor.
3. I agreed____to_g_o____ ( go ) there with the doctor.
非谓语动词
1．性质：它具有动词的特点，
但在句子中起着名词、形容词、 副词的作用，充当主语、表语、 定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语 的作用，即：除谓语以外的一切 成分。
2．形式
不定式 相当于名词、形容词、副词。
充当主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语 补足语、状语。
动名词 相当于名词充当主语、表语、
定语、宾语。