小升初英语专题讲解十 介词

第十讲介词
介词用来表示名词、代词之间的关系。

介词通常放在名词或代词前, 构成介词短语。

1、表示时间的介词
1) at
①用于时刻, 钟点前。

at noon 在中午at night 在夜晚
I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。

②用于固定搭配。

at once 立刻、马上 at the same time 同时not at all 一点也不
at noon 在中午 at night 在夜晚 at the age of在……岁时
at the end of在……结束时 at last最后 at first=first of all起初, 首先
2）on
①用于星期前, 用于具体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上前, 也可用在公共节假日前。

on Monday/Tuesday.... on a cold morning在一个寒冷的早上
on Teachers’ Day on Septembe r 1st
②用于某些固定搭配：on duty 值日on time 准时
3) in
①用在世纪、年代、月份、四季前。

in 1840 in the 21st century在21世纪 in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春夏秋冬
in January in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上
2、表示地点的介词
at 表示在某一具体地点
at home在家 at school在学校 at the bus stop在公交车站
on 具体到街道on Longshou Street on the left/right 在左边/右边
in 大地点 in China in Beijing
2.表位置的介词
(1). in在……里面
(2). on在……上面
(3). under在……下面/正下方
(4).behind在……之后 There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车.
(5).next to在……旁边, 紧挨着…
(6).near在……附近 My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

(7).beside 在……旁
(8). in front of在……（外部的）前面
(9). in the front of在……（内部的）前面
辨析：in front of 与in the front of
in front of 外部的前面
in the front of内部的前面
He is in front of the car. He is in the front of the car.
(10). between..and…在…..和…..之间
between:在两者之间The school is between the bank and bookstore.
among:在三者或者更多的之中
There are some American students among us .
辨析：
➢on the wall与in the wall（在墙上）
图画、黑板、风筝等“在墙上”, 是因为它们在墙的表面, 用on the wall。

门窗、钉子、洞、孔等“在墙上”, 是因为它们在墙的里面, 用in the wall。

➢on the tree 与in the tree
on the tree The monkeys are in the tree.
in the tree The apples are on the tree.
扩展--句型练习
Where is the computer? It’s on the desk.
3、其他介词
1) 表示“用”时,
by+交通工具,
in+语言
What’s this in English?
扩展：句型练习
How do you go to school?
How引导的特殊疑问句, 用以询问交通方式, 表示交通工具的短语
❖ take a/the +交通工具, 动词短语作谓语。

take a bus/subway/taxi/train
walk / ride a bike
❖ by+交通工具, 或on/in +限定词(the\my等)+交通工具, 介词短语作状语。

by bus/train/subway/bike/car, on foot, on my bike, in the bus/train/subway
I go to school by bus.
2) for的常见用法
①
②表示理由或者原因, “因为, 由于” Thanks for helping me carry the box.
③
④表示时间, 意为“计、达到”
for+一段时间 I live here for ten years.
⑤表示去向、目的, 意为“向、往、买” You can buy this sweater for ten dollars.
It’s time for school.
⑥表示所属关系或者用途, 为了……
3) with
①和, 写：Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗？
②表示伴随状态, 带有
Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？
4) about
①表示大约时间：It's about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。

②关于, 对于：We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。

5) after
①在……之后：After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。

②在……后面：He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。

6) of
①的（表示所属关系）：
This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。

②……的（用于所有格）He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。

③表示数量（与连词连用）
One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京
④用于某些固定搭配：of course 当然because of 因为, 由于
7) over
①在……正上方：There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。

②遍及, 穿过：There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。

③超过, 不止：She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。

8) to
①到, 往, 向：He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。

②表示时间、数量, 到……为止Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到
30.
③向, 对, 给：Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。

4、介词辨析
along ,across ,through
①along:沿着
Go along Zhongshan Road and turn right at the second crossing .
②across:横过(平面物体)
③through:贯通, 通过The students walked through the gate
5、介词的固定搭配
✧arrive at/in
✧help sb. with sth.
✧ask for
✧at the moment
✧laugh at
✧at present
✧learn from
✧at work
✧look after
✧at the same time ✧look for
✧worry about
✧listen to
✧on holiday
✧look at
✧on time
✧wait for
✧on the radio
✧on sale
✧on TV
✧on the phone
✧on the way to
✧be interested in
✧be good at
✧be good for
✧be good with
✧in class
✧be late for
✧in the end
✧in bed ✧in danger ✧at least
介词练习
( )1.___ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man.
A. On
B. At
C. In
( )2.Many people work ___ the day and sleep ___ night.
A. on at
B. in in
C. in at
( )3.He speaks Japanese best ____ the boy students.
A. between
B. with
C. among
( )4.He left home ___ a cold winter evening.
A. at
B. on
C. in
( )5.Shanghai is ____ the east of China.
A. in
B. on
C. to
( )6.How about ___ the flowers now?
A. watering
B. are watering
C. watered
( )7.She spent all his money ___ books.
A. in
B. with
C. on
( )8.What will you have ___ breakfast this morning?
A. with
B. for
C. by
( )9.A plane is flying ____ the city.
A. on
B. over
C. above
( )10.Mr. Green will stay in China___ Friday.
A. to
B. on
C. till
( )11.It’s wrong to play jokes ___ other people.
A. on
B. of
C. with
( )12.I paid two hundred yuan ___ that kind of bicycle.
A. in
B. for
C. on
( )13.There is a small river ___ the two towns.
A. in
B. between
C. among
( )14.Are you going to the zoo ___ bus or ___ my car? A. on by
B. by in
C. on in
( )15. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock______
the morning.
A. on; in
B. at; in
C. at; on
D. in; on
( )16. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.
A. in; to
B. to; to
C. to; in
D. in; in
( )17.There are many apples ___ the tree. A bird ___ the tree is picking an apple.
A. in on
B. on in
C. in at
二、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。

1.What’s this______(at,on,in) English?
2.Christmas is______(at,on,in) the 25th of December.
3.Look at those birds______ (on,in) the tree.
4.Is there a cat______ (under, behind, in) the door?
三、给下列词组填入正确的介词（15*1分=15分）
1.Jim usually gets up ______ 6:30 ______ the morning .
2.It's always cold and snowy ______ winter ______Harbin.
3.The April Fool's Day is _____the 1st of April.
4.The Spring Festival is ______January or February.
5.How many Chinese lessons do you have ______ a week.
6.We have four lessons _________ the morning .
7.He often does his homework ______ Friday evening .
8.Please come to school ____ half past eight.
9.The little girl plays the piano _____ the evening every day.
10.What did you do _____ the Spring Festival ?
11.I usually take photos _____ Sunday morning .
12.Women's day is _____ the eighth of March .
13.We go to school ____seven _____the morning .
14.We were very happy ______ New Year’s Day .
15.Please look ______ the blackboard. Don’t listen ______ the tape.
16.I can see a kite ______ the wall.
17.Is Han Meimei ______ duty today?
18.This is a picture ______ our school.
19.Wuxi is ______ Jiangsu.
20.I am ______ Row Six.
21.She is ______ Class One.
22.They are ______ Grade Two.
23.What’s this ______ English?
22. Can you sing this song ______ Japanese?
23.The boy ______ the green bike is Tom.
24.You can’t see the football. It’s______ the door.
25.We are ______ home. Jim is ______ school.
26.The apples are ______ the tree.
27.Look! The old man is ______ the tree.
28. Please give the books ______ Jim.
29.It’s______ seven twenty.
30.It’s time ______ go ______ school.
31.Who’s the girl _____ a small mouth?
32.The man ____ blue is Jack’s father.
33.Look, Nancy is sitting _________ her father and mother.
34.You must stay _____ home.
35.We’re late ____ the class.
36.What can you see ___ the trees? Some peaches.
37.We’re very happy ____ school.
38.Look _____ the picture.
39.Who is the girl _____ the mother and the father?
真题演练
I.选择填空。

（24分）
1.( ) The post office is north ______ the cinema. A. on B.from C.of D.at
2.( ) I agree____You. A.with B.to C.on D.in
3.( ) I don't like winter. It's too cold ______ me. A.to B.for C.of D. at
4. ( ) I get up____about seven fifty-five. A. in B.on C at D.for
5.( ) The bed____the right is yours. A.on B.in C.at D. of
6.( ) I can't find my math book, so I go to the teacher____help. A.to B.for C.of D.
with
7.( ) It's time____you____do your homework. A to, is B.for; be C.for; to D.to; be
8.( ) What's wrong____you? A.with B.to C.for
9.( ) Look at the photo of my family. The boy ______ my father and my mother is me.
A.in
B.on
C.between
D.of
10.( ) I live ______ England____my parents. A. and; in B.with; at C.in, with D. at;
with
11.( ) We can watch Beijing Opera______TV. A. in B.at C.on D.from
12.( ) People in China like eating moon cakes______ Mid-autumn Day. A. in B.on C.at D.of
13.( ) Can you say it____English? A.in B.on C.for D.of
14.( ) The boy sitting____Tina is so tall that she couldn't see the film clearly.
A. behind
B.in front of
C.after
D.next to
15.( ) --I think drinking milk is good____our health. --Yes, I agree____you.
A. for; with
B.to;to
C.with;to
D. at; with
16.( ) --What would you like______dinner? --Fish and vegetables, please. A.of B.at C.for
17.( ) Who's the woman______ blue? A.in B.on C.with
18.( ) --What would you Like____a birthday present? A.for B.as C.with
19.( ) Tom often helps me____my English. A.with B.at C.on D about
20.( ) My sister bought a skirt____me yesterday. A.of B.to C.for D.at
21.( ) --How does your father go to work every day? --______ taxi. A.In B.By C.On
D.With
22.( ) --Who will be____duty tomorrow? --Susan. A.at B on C.for D. in
23.( ) --Would you like coffee or tea?
--Coffee, please. By the way,do you have milk like coffee____milk in it.
A. for
B.or
C.with
D. without
24.( ) --Look! There are some children playing games____the park. --Let's go there.
A.in
B.at
C.On
25.( ) This new pencil-case is only____Jimmy. A.in B.on C.for D.at
26.( ) The hospital is north ____ the cinema. You can walk north____five minutes.
A. on; in
B.of; with
C.in; for
D.of; for
27.( ) I agree ____ you. A.with B.to C.on D.in
28.( ) Winter is beautiful, but it's too cold me. A.and B.or C.to D.for
29.( ) I'm hungry. What's ____ lunch? A.with B.at C.for D.to
30.( ) He is____ Shanghai now. A.on B.in C.at
31.( ) Let's send a present ____ our teacher. A.for B.with C.to
32.( ) What's wrong____you? A. with B.to C.for
33.( ) Sam gets up ____ seven ____ the morning____every Sunday.
A. in; at; on
B.at; on;in
C.at, in,on
34.( ) Sam is ____ Hong Kong now. A.on B.in C.at
35.( ) It's time____play games. A.in B.to C.for
36.( ) Classes begin____seven fifty-five. A.in B.on C.at D.for
37.( ) Is it a picture____your school? A.of B.to C.and D.with
38.( ) The man____ a stick（手杖）is my grandpa. A.and B.of C.with D.for
39. ( ) --What would you like ____ dinner? --Fish and vegetables, please. A.of B.at
C.for
40.( ) Who's the woman____blue? A.in B.on C.with
41.( ) --What would you like____a birthday present? A. for B.as C.with
42. ( ) Tom often helps me____my English. A. with B.at C.on D.about
43.( ) My sister bought a skirt ____ me yesterday. A.with B.to C.for D.at
44.( ) The bed ____ the right is yours. A.on B.in C.at
45.( ) --Is the cat ____ the door? --No, it isn't. It's____the desk.
A. behind; under
B.in; on
C. under; at
D.over; behind
46.( ) We have Chinese, English and P.E. ____ the morning. A.in B.on C.at D.to
47.( ) --When do you go to bed? --I go to bed ____ 9:30. A.at B.in C.on D.to
48.( ) We usually stay____ home ____ Saturday afternoon. A. at; in B.at, on C.in; at
D.on; on
49.( ) --I can't find my math hook, so I go to the teacher ____ help. A.to B.for C.of
D.with
50.( ) They sang songs____the Art Festival ____ October last year.
A. on; on
B.at, in
C.in; on
D.at; on
51.( ) --What do you do____ Sunday morning? --I usually do sports. A.on B.at C.in
D.about
52.( ) My parents often tell me ____ China. A. about B.from C.for D.by
53.( ) I live ____England____my parents. A. and; in B.with;at C.in; with D.at, with
54.( ) Helen is behind me. I am ____ Helen. A. behind B.in front of C.beside
55.( ) Look at the picture ____ my family. A. of B. in C. on D. For
56.( ) --How does your father go to work every day? ____taxi. A.In B.By C.On D.With
57.( ) I often go to the clothes store____my parents. A.and B.with C.for D.of
58.( ) --What's this____English? --It's an apple. A.at B.in C.on D.of
59.( ) We're going to stay here tomorrow. What ____ you? A. about B.besides C.with
60.( ) --When do you go shopping? --I usually go shopping____Sunday morning.
A.on
B.in
C.at
D.for。