2017-2018学年高中英语北师大版必修五 学业分层测评 4

学业分层测评(四)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Don't hesitate________ (contact) me if you need any more information.
2．No matter ________ dry a desert may be，we must find water.
3．The doctor is ________(devote) to finding a cure for cancer.
4．With the world changing fast，we have something new ________(deal) with all by ourselves every day.
5．________(judge)from your accent，you are from Jinan.
6．________(lack) money，it remains to be seen whether we can put the idea into practice.
7．Is there any possibility __________ you could pick me up after school?
【答案】 1.to contact 2.how 3.devoted 4.to deal 5.Judging cking 7.that
Ⅱ.单句改错
【导学号：14212034】1．My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever.As a result of，he could neither eat nor sleep.
________________________________________________________________
2．I'd be very gratefully if you could let me know as soon as possible.
________________________________________________________________
3．You'd better take regular exercise and have a balancing diet every day.
________________________________________________________________
4．When (you are) in need，don't hesitate asking me for help.
________________________________________________________________
5．It is desirable that we provides for the poor at Christmas.
________________________________________________________________
【答案】 1.去掉of 2.gratefully→grateful 3.balancing→balanced 4.asking→to ask 5.provides→provide
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这位年轻的医生致力于帮助穷人和病人。

The young doctor __________ helping the poor and the sick.
2．由他所说的来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。

__________，he must be an honest man.
3．如果你有任何需要，随时电话联系我们。

If you need any help，don't __________________________ us.
4．心静自然凉。

__________ one keeps calm，one doesn't feel the heat too much.
5．无论她要什么我都没意见。

__________ is fine with me.
【答案】 1.devoted himself to 2.Judging from what he said 3.hesitate to contact 4.As/So long as 5.Whatever she wants
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Mark Twain was a famous American writer.He wrote many stories and many of them were very funny.These stories are still read by many people all over the world.Besides writing，he also liked hunting and fishing very much，so one year he went to Maine(缅因州)for a holiday and spent three very pleasant weeks in the woods there.
When he had to go back home，he went to the station with his baggage.There he asked a porter(搬运工)to put it into the train.Then he got into the smoking car and sat down in one of the comfortable seats there.The car was empty when he got in，but a few minutes later，another man got in and sat down on the seat opposite his.Mark Twain looked at the man and thought that this man looked quite unpleasant.However，it would be impolite to say nothing in that situation，so he said good morning to the man，and they began to talk.
First they talked about the heavy snow and then they talked about Maine.The stranger said，“We have some beautiful woods in Maine.It would be a pity to come to Maine without spending some time there.I suppose you have been in our woods，haven't you？”“Yes，I have，”answered Mark Twain.“I've just spent three weeks there and I had a very good time，too.And let me tell you something.Although fishing isn't allowed in Maine at this season，I've got two hundred pounds of beautiful fish with my baggage in this train.I like to eat fish，so I packed it in ice to take it home with me.May I ask who you are，sir？”
The stranger looked at Mark Twain for several seconds and then answered，“I'm a police officer.My job is to catch people who hunt and fish during the wrong seasons.And who are you？”
Mark Twain was surprised and frightened when he heard this.He thought quickly and then answered，“Well，I'll tell you，sir.I'm the man who tells the biggest lies
in America.”
【语篇解读】本文讲述了著名作家马克·吐温去缅因州森林公园度假钓鱼的故事。

根据相关法律，冬季是禁渔期，而马克·吐温却在此地成功地钓到了200磅的鱼，但事不凑巧，他被警察逮了个正着，最后撒谎才得以脱身。

1．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Mark Twain and a porter.
B．The stranger and a police.
C．The porter and a police.
D．Mark Twain and the police.
【解析】推理判断题。

由全文内容可知，本文的主要人物有：马克·吐温和那位陌生人(即警察)。

和马克·吐温交谈的是那位陌生人。

由倒数第二段的“The stranger looked at Mark Twain for several seconds and then answered，‘I'm a police officer...’”可知，这位陌生人实际上就是那位自称警官的人。

【答案】 D
2．We can infer that Mark Twain had been to the woods in Maine in________．A．summer B．autumn
C．winter D．spring
【解析】推理判断题。

由文章第三段中的“First they talked about the heavy snow”可知，马克·吐温是在冬季来缅因州的森林的，再结合后面他跟警察的对话可知，这里在冬天是禁渔的。

【答案】 C
3．Which of the following statements about Mark Twain is NOT true?
A．Writing，hunting and fishing were his favourites.
B．His fish was delivered home by train.
C．He felt pity for not spending some time in Maine.
D．In fact，he told lies to the police officer at last.
【解析】细节理解题。

由第一段中的“Besides writing，he also liked hunting and fishing very much”可知A项表述正确；由最后一段中的“Mark Twain was surprised and frightened when he heard this.He thought quickly and then answered...”可知马克·吐温最后对那位警察撒了谎，故D项表述正确；从第二段中的“There he asked a porter(搬运工)to put it into the train”可知B项表述正确；从第一段最后一句可知，马克·吐温在那里度过了非常开心的一段时间，故C项错误。

【答案】 C
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Mark Twain was one of the biggest liars in America.
B．The stranger was impolite to Mark Twain in the smoking car.
C．Mark Twain went to the woods in Maine for writing stories.
D．The stranger was the one who caught people fishing in winter.
【解析】细节理解题。

由文章倒数第二段“The stranger looked at Mark Twain for several seconds and then answered，‘I'm a police officer.My job is to catch people who hunt and fish during the wrong seasons.’”可知，那位陌生人(警察)就是专门抓冬季钓鱼的人。

【答案】 D
B
A camera，a glove，a hand tool，even a toothbrush...they are all up there，above the clouds，going around and around the Earth.There are also thousands of pieces of metal and plastic.Some of them are only about the size of a fingernail.Many are much larger.Scientists consider all these objects to be space_junk，and they are a problem.
Since people first launched rockets into space in the 1950s，we have been leaving behind all sorts of things.Much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things that were once bigger objects，until they struck each other and broke apart.Sometimes larger pieces survive the extreme heat through the atmosphere and hit the ground or the ocean at great speeds.
But space junk falling on housetops is not the biggest worry.Scientists are concerned about the Kessler syndrome.It is named after the American scientist who first thought of the idea in 1978.Imagine what happens when an empty rocket strikes another while orbiting the Earth.Two big things become many smaller things.They then hit other things.The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles.
Marco Castronuovo，an Italian Space Agency researcher，suggested launching a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk.The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object.When the rocket explodes，it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit，nearer the Earth.After a time，the junk burns up in the atmosphere.
Scientists have been concerned about space junk for many years.Right now，the costs of the clean­up have been too great.Mr.Castronuovo says his system could be put in place for a much more reasonable amount of money.
【语篇解读】太空垃圾是人类在太空活动中丢弃在太空中的物体，这些物体形成垃圾云之后将对人造卫星或飞船的飞行产生很大影响，科学家正在寻找清理太空垃圾的有效方法。

5．What does the underlined part “space junk” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．It refers to small pieces of things that were once bigger objects.
B．It refers to objects that survived the extreme heat through the atmosphere.
C．It refers to clouds that are made up of small objects in space.
D．It refers to all kinds of objects that have been left behind in space.
【解析】细节理解题。

从第二段第一句判断，space junk指人类在太空活动中遗留在太空的所有的物体，即“太空垃圾”。

【答案】 D
6．Why do scientists consider the Kessler syndrome a big problem?
A．Space junk clouds are likely to block the path of spacecraft.
B．An empty rocket might strike a spacecraft orbiting the Earth.
C．Space junk might fall onto the Earth，causing damage.
D．Space junk becomes bigger and bigger until hard to get rid of.
【解析】细节理解题。

第三段介绍了Kessler综合症，最后一句指出了其潜在的危险，即垃圾云有可能会阻碍未来太空飞行器的轨道。

【答案】 A
7．What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．Smaller objects come together to form clouds of space junk.
B．Human beings are responsible for space junk.
C．Space junk is a big problem human beings have to find ways to solve.
D．An Italian researcher has found a good way to remove space junk.
【解析】主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文介绍了太空垃圾及其危害，还介绍了科学家正在研究清理太空垃圾方法的情况，故C项最能概括全文的内容。

【答案】 C
8．What is the author's attitude towards Marco Castronuovo's method of cleaning up space junk?
A．Doubtful. B．Objective.
C．Favorable. D．Disapproving.
【解析】推理判断题。

作者在文中只是客观介绍Castronuovo提出的清理太空垃圾的方法，没有做任何评论，因此其态度是客观的。

【答案】 B。