2019-2020学年重庆市凤鸣山中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年重庆市凤鸣山中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及参考答
案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It’s the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you’re going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.
MapMyHike
This app tracks where you're hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout. GaiaGPS
You don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.
Backpacking Checklist
One of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.
WildObs
Using WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.
1. What can you do with MapMyHike?
A. Record your walking speed.
B. Design a suitable hiking route.
C. Locate popular tourist attractions.
D. Store the data of your daily activities.
2. What is WildObs intended to do?
A. To provide survival skills.
B. To lead the way.
C. To identify wildlife.
D. To help make preparations.
3. Which app is most useful before hiking?
A. GaiaGPS.
B. MapMyHike.
C. WildObs.
D. Backpacking Checklist.
B
Scientists have discovered a new behaviour among bumblebees that tricks plants into flowering early.
When lack of pollen, bumblebees will bite little by little on the leaves of flower-less plants. The damage seems to fool the plant into flowering, sometimes up to 30 days earlier than normal.
With their hairy appearance and special sounds, bumblebees are hard to miss in gardens all over the world. Their hairy bodies make them excellent pollinators for crops like tomatoes and blueberries. They are among the first bees to appear each year and work a long season.
But despite their key role, bumblebees, like many other pollinators have seen their numbers decline suddenly in recent decades. One recent study pointed to climate change, reporting that an increasing number of hot days in Europe andNorth Americawas raising local bumblebees extinction rates.
But researchers have now made a discovery about bumblebees that could have something to do with their long term survival. Scientists inSwitzerlandfound that when the bumblebees were out of pollen, they started to bite on the leaves of plants that hadn't yet flowered. They used their mouths to cut clearly-shaped holes in the leaves. But the creatures didn't eat the material or use it in their nests.
The damaged plants responded by flowering earlier than normal--in some cases up to 30 days ahead of schedule. Researchers also found that the bee damaged plants flowered 30 days earlier than undamaged plants and 25 days earlier than ones damaged by the scientists.
“I think everything that we've found is consistent with the idea that the bumblebees are damaging the plants and that that's an adaptation that brings flowers earlier and that benefits the bees,” said Dr Mark Mescher, one of the authors from ETHZurich.
4. How do bumblebees fool plants into flowering earlier?
A. By making use of the hot weather.
B. By putting the false flowers on the leaves.
C. By attacking the leaves of flowerless plants.
D. By taking away the pollen from the other flowers.
5. What's bumblebees’ key role?
A.Making plants flower early.
B. Spreading pollen to flowers and plants.
C. Sending information about weather change.
D. Finding out whether the plant has flowers.
6. What has happened to bumblebees in the past the years?
A. They are becoming homesick.
B. They are not as friendly as before.
C. There is a sharp decrease in number.
D. They have been busy year by year.
7. What's Dr Mark Mescher's attitude towards the behaviour of bumblebees?
A. Uncaring.
B. Skeptical.
C. Tolerant.
D. Objective.
C
Taking an afternoon nap could keep your brain sharp, a new study has said. Adults ages 60 and older who took afternoon naps showed signs of better mental ability compared to those who didn’t nap, according to a study published in General Psychiatry earlier this week.
Researchers analyzed napping habits in 2, 214 older Chinese people and measured their cognitive abilities using several cognitive tests. Participants took the Mini-Mental State Examination and theBeijingversion of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, both of which test for memory, language and other cognitive abilities. In every category listed in the study, nappers tested statistically higher on average compared to their non-napping counterparts.
Researchers did not gather data from people under 60, so a correlation cannot be drawn between napping and younger generations. The study also noted that there are conflicting studies about the benefits and risks of napping.
Sleeping behaviors can be affected by a multitude of factors, said Dr. David Neubauer, associate professor atJohnsHopkinsUniversity. “Daily routines, medication use and sleep disorders can all play a role in how frequently someone takes a nap.” he said.
Neubauer recommended taking a shorter “power nap” of up to 20 minutes to decrease the chances of transitioning into slow-wave sleep, which makes people feel groggy when they wake up. “Napping can be a healthy part of an older adult’s day”, Neubauer acknowledged, but make sure “sleepiness isn’t due to a treatable nighttime sleep disorder.” Older individuals who want to do all they can to preserve their cognitive functioning should put nighttime sleep first.
8. What is the best way to keep a better cognitive ability for the old?
A. Take a nap every day.
B. Take sleep disorder seriously.
C. Have a good sleep at night.
D. Do exercise regularly.
9. How did the researchers reach the conclusion?
A. By taking the examinations and assessment.
B. By analyzing napping habits and giving tests.
C. By measuring nappers’ ability and analyzing them.
D. By doing an experiment.
10. Which has NO effect on one’s sleeping behaviors?
A. Taking a nap.
B. Medicine treatment
C. Sleep problems
D. Everyday activities.
11. What can we know about “slow-wave sleep”?
A. It appears in short nap up to 20 minutes.
B. People should avoid it in their naps.
C. It is a healthy part of an elder’s day.
D. It was recommended by Neubauer.
D
Technology is supposed to make our lives easier, allowing us todo things more quickly and efficiently. But too often it seems to make things harder. This increase in complexity, often called "feature creep," costs consumers time, but it also costs business money. Product returns in the U.S. cost a hundred billion dollars a year, and a recent study by Elke den Ouden, of Philips Electronics, found that at least half of returned products have nothing wrong with them. Consumers just couldn't figure out how to use them. Companies now know a great deal about problems of usability and consumer behavior, so why is it that feature creep proves unstoppable?
In part, fieature creep is the product of the so-called internal-audience problem: the people who design and sell product are not the ones who buy and use them, and what engineers and marketers think is important is not necessarily what's best for consumers. The engineers tend not to notice when more options make a product less usable. And marketing and sales departments see each additional feature as a new selling point, and anew way to attract customers.
You might think, then, that companies could avoid fieature creep by just paying attention to what customers really
want. But that's where the trouble begins, because although consumers find overloaded gadgets（配件）unmanageable,they also find them attractive. It turns out that when we look at a new product in a store we tend to think that the more features there are, the better. It is only once we get the product home and try to use it that we realize the virtues of simplicity.
It seems strange that we don't expect feature tiredness and thus avoid it. But, as numerous studies have shown, people are not, in general, good at predicting what will make them happy in the future. As a result, we will pay more for more features because we systematically overestimate how often we'll use them. We also overestimate our ability to figure out how a complicated product works.
The fact that buyers want bells and whistles but users want something clear and simple creates an unusual problem for companies. A product that doesn't have enough features may fail to catch our eye in the store. But a product with too many features is likely to annoy consumers.
12. What does the first paragraph mainly discuss?
A. The benefits brought by the advanced technology.
B. The recent study conducted by Elke den Ouden.
C. The loss caused by the feature creep of technology.
D. Many problems of usability known by the consumers.
13. Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?
A. It is the audience problem that leads to feature creep.
B. What matters to designers and marketers is not good for consumers.
C. Feature creep brings blessings to the people in marketing and sales.
D. The engineers will not pay attention to the quality of the product
14. What do we know about the buyers in paragraph 4?
A. They are deeply convinced that all the products work in simple way.
B. They are fed up with the more and more features of the products.
C. They are too confident of their ability to use the complicated products.
D. They are quite clear about the products which will make them happy.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Saying No to Feature Creep is No Easy Thing
B. Feature-heavy Products in Demand
C. The More Features, the Better
D. Simplicity Outweighs Complexity
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项More than two million students are graduating from high school this summer, many of whom will head to university in the fall. The transition from highschool to college is a major one, and successful adjustment to college has lifelong influences.
Maybe you are about to make this transition yourself or have children who are about to leave the nest.____16____If you know someone who is making this transition or know parents guiding their soon-to-be adult kids through this time, please take a moment to share this collection of research-based tips with them.
___17___Even during orientation! Almost everyone is in the same boat as you are, hoping to make friends quickly. Your success in college depends, in part, on surrounding yourself with others who can support you and help you have fun.
Don’t be afraid to talk to your professors or teaching assistants. Successful adjustment is about reaching out for help when you need it. This means trying to find the answers on your own first, but then contacting those who can help you when you can’t.___18___
Lean on your family. Family support can give you comfort when classes are hard or you are stressed about finals.____19____Strong support from family is linked to lower loneliness and depression during the first year of college and higher academic adjustment including motivation and concentration.
Be confident. Feeling anxiety about communicating with fellows, professors, and speaking up in class is associated with lower adaptation during the transition to college.____20____The more you speak up in class, the easier it becomes.
A. That is what they are there for!
B. This list is exactly what you need.
C. Joining clubs is also linked to feelings of belonging at college.
D. Be open to making new friends as soon as you set foot on campus.
E. Family members can give you advice and help you solve problems if you need help.
F. One of the best ways to increase your communication confidence is to practice!
G. Your professors and teaching assistants want to see you succeed in their classes.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
When I was five years, I was far away from my___21___. I was just living with my aunt, uncle, grandma and my sister. Most of them said that I was___22___.
When I was six years old, I started the grade school(小学). No matter what others___23___my ability(能力), I knew___24___I should do. With my hard work, I got the top 3 at the end of the school year. No one was___25___of it in myfamily. And still my parents were away. I___26___that they would be home soon to even just___27___my achievements. Though I had no___28___during these days, in the second grade I still___29___my grades. I decided to continue the things that made me____30____. I was not that smart but I had____31____to do something great.
____32____my high school days I was a bit naughty(淘气的). so I was thought to belong to lower section(部分) of____33____in our school. My teacher lost hope and so did my mom. But I____34____them that they were wrong. In the last year of high school, I made my name on the list of the Academic(学术的)____35____. Our school has a lot of excellent students,____36____I studied hard and got the fourth.
I’m a college student now. There are still some problems around that give me____37____. But as it has been in the past, I tell myself, “This is just a____38____OF LIFE. I have to get through this.” I have problems and weakness but it doesn’t mean I have no____39____to be better. Life is always a test on how____40____we are to live.
21. A. school B. country C. home D. parents
22. A. lazy B. stupid C. believable D. reasonable
23. A. told B. explained C. bothered D. estimated(评估)
24. A. whether B. how C. what D. why
25. A. proud B. tired C. afraid D. fond
26. A. thought B. hoped C. called D. said
27. A. see B. forget C. remember D. refuse
28. A. progress B. supports C. chance D. skill
29. A. stood B. pushed C. developed D. kept
30. A. best B. happy C. hardworking D. tired
31. A. plan B. idea C. strength D. courage(勇气)
32. A. Along B. During C. Near D. Between
33. A. future B. study C. intelligence(智力) D. journey
34. A. wrote B. showed C. proved D. told
35. A. Awardees(受奖者) B. Students C. Teenagers D. Volunteers
36. A. because B. but C. so D. as
37. A. patience B. tradition C. difficulty D. challenge
38. A. TEST B. DEVERLOPMENT C. GROWTH D. EFFORT
39. A. plan B. heart C. right D. education
40. A. happy B. naughty C. strong D. crazy
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
When leaders from the European Council gathered for a group photo in Brussels last week, it was hard to miss the class newbie._______41._______(stand) front and center among the neat rows of middle-aged men was Finland’s new prime minister – 34-year-old Sanna Marin. The young woman had a huge smile on her face. And why not,______42.______her trailblazing new status as the world’s youngest sitting prime minister.
The former transport minister shot to worldwide fame earlier this month after the leader of her Social Democratic Party stepped down. She now heads Finland’s governing coalition of five parties, all of_____43._____have female leaders, and almost all under the age of 35. It’s a remarkable line-up: the country’s leaders have traditionally been______44.______(old) men. Marin’s youth and gender “make her stand out from her predecessors, who for the most part have been males in______45.______50s,” said Timo Miettinen, researcher at Helsinki University’s Department of Political and Economic Studies.
Finland was the first country in the world_____46._____(elect) women to parliament, a little over a century ago. In that time, there have been just two female prime ministers before Marin, each______47.______(serve) for no longer than a year.
Once working as a cashier,______48.______role Estonia’s interior minister this week mocked, Marin entered politics at 20 and quickly moved up the ranks of the center-left Social Democratic Party. At 27 she became Tampere City Council leader, and three years later an MP. Marin gives the impression “of a very principled person” and her politics______49.______(sit) to the left of her party – supporting increasing refugee intakes and raising taxes to support the welfare state. The big challenge for Marin now will be uniting her Social Democratic Party. With the rise of the nationalist Finns Party, there is a real threat that they will attract dissatisfied Social Democratic
voters. Shortly after Marin became prime minister, its leader, Jussi Halla-aho tweeted his congratulations, with an emoji of a bucket of popcorn. “It was an acid way of saying good luck with the future,_______50._______you will still have all the problems that you had before,” said Miettinen.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(^) ,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。

只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Jenny,
Welcome to my school! When you arrive, there will be a party for you holding by my classmates. You may attend to English classes to feel a differently learning style. After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life. You can have meals together chatting anything that interests us.
The host family will also show us around some famous scenic spot. You can see people selling kites everywhere because our city was home to kites. There are many kinds of kites to choose from.
So isn't it the good idea to buy some for your friends? Write to me unless you have any questions about the schedule.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Zhang Ming 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。

你的英国朋友Jim所在学校将举办主题为“中国文化周”（Chinese Culture Week）的活动。

Jim打算介绍一项中国传统艺术，发来邮件请你推荐。

请回复邮件，内容包括：
1.艺术形式；
2.推荐理由。

注意：1.词数不少于100；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B
12. C 13. C 14. C 15. A
16. B 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. F
21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32.
B 33.
C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37.
D 38. A 39. C 40. C
41. Standing
42. given/considering
43. which 44. older
45. their 46. to elect
47. serving
48. a 49. sit
50. because/as
51.(1).holding → held
(2).去掉to
(3). differently → different
(4). that → where
(5). 在chatting后加about
(6). us → you
(7). spot → spots
(8). was → is
(9). the → a
(10). unless → if
52.略。