广东省潮州市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语---精校解析Word版

潮州市高一年级第一学期期末教学质量检测卷
英语试卷
(本试卷共10页，满分为100分。

考试时间90分钟。

)
注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将答案卡交回。

一、听力部分(共两节，满分15分)
第一节:听力理解(共10小题。

每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面几段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

二、单项填空(共15小题。

每小题1分，满分15分)
从题中所给的A、B、C 和D中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

16.In fact, the Amber Room ______ for the palace of Frederick at first.
A. was designed
B. designed
C. is designed
D. will design
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。

句意：事实上，琥珀屋最初是为腓特烈的宫殿而设计的。

描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，“琥珀屋”和“设计”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选A。

17.Mother promised she _____ me an English-Chinese dictionary.
A. is buying
B. will buy
C. would buy
D. has bought
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。

句意：妈妈答应给我买一本英汉词典。

she _____ me an English-Chinese dictionary.是一个宾语从句，主句Mother promised使用了一般过去时，从句要使用相应的过去的时态，所以用过去将来时，故选C。

18.It was the first time in my life that I ______ the wonderful scene.
A. saw
B. had seen
C. have seen
D. see
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。

句意：这是我有生以来，第一次看到这么美丽的景色。

This / That/ It is/ was＋the＋序数词＋名词＋从句(从句中的时态要用完成时态；如前为is，则用现在完成时，如为was则用过去完成时)，故选B。

19.—How shall I take the medicine?
—You can follow the ________ on the bottle.
A. vocabulary
B. speech
C. lessons
D. directions
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。

句意：——这药怎么吃?——你可以按照瓶子上的说明书去吃。

A. vocabulary词汇；B. speech演讲；C. lessons课程；D. directions说明书，根据题意，故选D。

20.Before starting the race, he gave me a ________ look.
A. determine
B. determining
C. determination
D. determined
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。

句意：比赛开始前，他给了我一个坚定的眼神。

该空修饰名词look，用形容词，只有D选项是形容词，故选D。

21.__________ is known to us, the PRC was founded on October 1, 1949.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定用法。

句意：众所周知，中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。

as is known to us众所周知，该用法是固定用法，故选B。

22.The room is nice________.
A. living in
B. to be lived
C. to live
D. to live in
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。

句意：这个房间住起来很好。

主语+ be + adj. + to do，这是一个固定句型，不定式的主动式表示被动意义，排除A和B，live in居住，该短语是固定短语，故选D。

23.Is there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who
B. who's
C. whose
D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。

句意：你们班有家在乡下的人吗? ______family is in the country是一个定语从句，anyone是先行词，关系词在从句中作定语，故选C。

24.Can you imagine ________ in the future.
A. how will our life like
B. what will our life like
C. what will our life be like
D. what our life will be like
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。

句意：你能想象我们未来的生活是什么样的吗?在宾语从句中，用陈述语序，故选D。

25.He was so nervous during the test. No ______ he didn’t pass the exam.
A. way
B. surprise
C. wonder
D. matter
【答案】C
【解析】
词义辨析。

No way没门,没办法,根本不行；No wonder难怪；No matter不管什么。

他考试时太紧张了。

难怪他没有通过考试。

选C。

26.Her mother_________ having read the letter when Mary found the envelope open.
A. thought
B. considered
C. admitted
D. advised
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。

句意：玛丽发现信封被打开时，她母亲承认读过那封信。

A. thought 认为； B. considered考虑；C. admitted承认；D. advised建议，根据题意，故选C。

27.If you want to learn Chinese, you may learn from her. She speaks very ____ Chinese.
A. accent
B. standard
C. entire
D. loose
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。

句意：如果你想学汉语，你可以向她学习。

她说一口标准的汉语。

A. accent口音；
B. standard标准的；
C. entire全部的；
D. loose宽松的，根据题意，故选B。

28.Can you think of ways to _________ him to give up the plan.
A. persuade
B. determine
C. insist
D. recognize
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。

句意：你能想出办法说服他放弃这个计划吗? A. persuade说服；
B. determine决定；
C. insist坚持；
D. recognize认出，根据题意，故选A。

29.The man _____ this house belongs is a friend of Wang Lin’s.
A. whom
B. for whom
C. to whom
D. with whom
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。

句意：这所房子属于王林的一个朋友。

_____ this house belongs是一个定语从句，先行词是The man，belong to属于，该短语是固定短语，把介词提到关系代词的前面，故选C。

30.The day _____ Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.
A. which
B. when
C. that
D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。

句意：纳尔逊·曼德拉帮助我的那一天是我最快乐的一天。

_____ Nelson Mandela helped me是一个定语从句，先行词是The day，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故选B。

三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

People use their mouths for many things. They eat, talk, shout, ___31___ and smile. In the English language, there are many expressions using the word ___32___.
For example, if you say ___33___ things about a person, the person might protest (抗议) and say “Do not bad mouth me.”
Sometimes, people say something to a friend or a family member that they later ___34___ because they hurt that person’s feelings. The speaker might say “I really put my foot in my mouth this time.”
Another ___35___ is when someone falsely claims another person said something. The other person might protest, “I did not say that. Do not put ___36___ in my mouth.”
Information is often spread through our mouths. This is general ___37___ between people, like friends talking to each other. “How did you hear about tha t new ___38___ ?” someone might ask. “Oh, by word of mouth.” The ___39___ means the person has been told about the movie by others.
Sometimes a person has a bad or unpleasant ___40___ with another person. He might say that experience “ left a bad taste in my mouth ”. Or the person might have had a very___41___ experience, like being chased by an angry dog. He might say, “ had my ___42___ in my mouth.”
Some people have lots of money because they were born into a very ___43___ family. There is an expression f or this, too. You might say such a person “was born with a ___44___spoon in his mouth. However, some people live from hand to mouth. This person is very poor and only has enough money for the most ___45___ things in life, like food.
31. A. dance B. sing C. walk D. think
32. A. mouth B. head C. hand D. face
33. A. beautiful B. serious C. good D. bad
34. A. regret B. avoid C. refuse D. keep
35. A. position B. situation C. collection D. direction
36. A. sentences B. phrases C. things D. words
37. A. preparation B. communication C. competition D. protection
38. A. game B. movie C. name D. friend
39. A. answer B. problem C. design D. degree
40. A. life B. expression C. experience D. style
41. A. frightening B. interesting C. pleasing D. exciting
42. A. heart B. eye C. tongue D. finger
43. A. poor B. famous C. large D. rich
44. A. paper B. silver C. wooden D. iron
45. A. important B. expensive C. useless D. honest
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. C 41. A 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲了英语单词“mouth”有很多意思，用在不同的表达和情景中。

作者给我们总结了一些这样的表达，并举例告诉我们这些表达的意思。

【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。

上文People use their mouths for many things说人们用嘴巴做很多事情，可知这里意思是他们吃、说、喊、唱、笑。

A. dance跳舞；B. sing唱歌；C. walk走路；D. think想，故选B。

【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。

下文都是一些关于mouth的表达，所以这里意思是在英语中，有很多使用单词mouth的表达。

A. mouth嘴；B. head头；C. hand手；D. face脸，故选A。

【33题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据the person might protest (抗议) and say “Do not bad mouth me.”可知这里意思是如果你说一个人的坏话。

A. beautiful美丽的；B. serious严肃的；C. good好的； D. bad坏的，故选D。

【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。

根据because they hurt that person’s feelings可知有时候，人们会对朋友或家人说一些事后会后悔的话。

A. regret后悔；B. avoid避免；C. refuse拒绝；D. keep保持，故选A。

【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据when someone falsely claims another person said something. 可知这是在列举一种情况。

A. position职位；B. situation情况；C. collection收集；D. direction方向，故选B。

【36题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据I did not say that.可知这里意思是不要把话放进我嘴里。

A. sentences句子；B. phrases短语；C. things事情；D. words话语，故选D。

【37题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据like friends talking to each other.可知这里意思是这是人与人之间的一般交流。

A. preparation准备；B. communication交流；C. competition竞争；D. protection保护，故选B。

【38题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据The ___9___ means the person has been told about the movie by others.可知这里意思是你是怎么知道那部新电影的？A. game游戏；B. movie电影；C. name名字； D. friend朋友，故选B。

【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。

根据someone might ask. “Oh, by word of mouth.”可知这是在回答问题，所以这里意思是答案意味着这个人已经被别人告诉了这部电影。

A. answer 答案；B. problem问题；
C. design设计；
D. degree程度，故选A。

【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。

在下文He might say that expe rience “ left a bad taste in my mouth ”.中发现关键词experience，可知这里意思是有时一个人与另一个人有一段不好或不愉快的经历。

A. life生活；
B. expression表达；
C. experience经历；
D. style风格，故选C。

【41题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据like being chased by an angry dog.可知这里意思是或者这个人可能有过非常可怕的经历。

A. frightening令人恐惧的；B. interesting有趣的；C. pleasing令人愉快的；
D. exciting令人激动的，故选A。

【42题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：他可能会说:“我的心都提到嗓子眼了。

” A. heart心；B. eye眼睛； C. tongue舌头；D. finger手指，故选A。

【43题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据Some people have lots of money可知这里意思是因为他们出生在一个非常富有的家庭。

A. poor贫穷的；B. famous著名的；C. large巨大的；D. rich富有的，故选D。

【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：你可以说这样的人：“嘴里含着银勺子出生”。

A. paper 纸；B. silver 银；C. wooden木制的；D. iron熨斗，故选B。

【45题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

根据This person is very poor可知这里意思是这个人很穷，只有足够的钱买生活中最重要的东西，比如食物。

A. important重要的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. useless无用的；D. honest诚实的，故选A。

【点睛】完形填空是高考英语中最难的一个题，正确解答完形填空题是考试成功至关重要的保障。

完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。

所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。

完形填空的解题方法很多，而词汇复现法就是最常见的方法之一。

词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。

本题中的2小题中的mouth；3小题中的bad；8小题中的movie等都采用了同义词或原词复现的方法。

但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。

四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A
Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van (住房汽车).
A small car can hold four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded. A van hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together.
Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell their second car and buy a van. In the van, the sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry ma ny suitcases when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents’ home, the suitcases are removed from the two seats which can then carry the grandparents.
Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes.
46. What do Americans call a van?
A. A motor car.
B. A big truck.
C. A motorbike.
D. A motor home.
47. What did Mr. Hagen and his wife do before they bought a van?
A. They sold their second car.
B. They moved t o their grandparents’ house.
C. They built a new place for a van.
D. They sold their old house.
48. According to the passage, what kind of family is more likely to buy a van?
A. A family with a baby.
B. A family with much money.
C. A family with more than two children.
D. A family living in the countryside.
49. What do Americans usually use motor homes to do?
A. To travel with all the family members on holiday.
B. To do some shopping with all the family members.
C. To visit their grandparents at weekends.
D. To drive their children to school every day.
50. Why have motor homes become popular?
A. Because they can take people to another city when people are free.
B. Because they can let families have a happier life when they go out for holidays.
C. Because some people think motor homes are cheap.
D. Because big families can put more things in motor homes.
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲了美国的大家庭通常会买一辆房车。

房车如此流行，是因为当他们出去度假时，他们可以让家人有一个更快乐的生活。

【46题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第四段Americans call vans motor homes.可知美国人称房车为A motor home，故选D。

【47题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第三段This made them sell their second car and buy a van.可知Hagen 先生和他的妻子在买房车之前，他们卖掉了第二辆车，故选A。

【48题详解】
推理判断题。

答案定位在第一段When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van.（当这个家庭很大的时候，其中一辆车被卖掉，他们会买一辆房车），由此可推断出有两个以上孩子的家庭更有可能购买房车，故选C。

【49题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第四段A motor home is always used for holidays.可知美国人通常用房车和所有的家庭成员一起去度假，故选A。

【50题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第四段All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together.可知房车如此流行，是因为当他们出去度假时，他们可以让家人有一个更快乐的生活，故选B。

【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：
细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。

抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。

该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。

在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。

例如小题2，答案定位在第三段This made them sell their second car and buy a van.可知Hagen先生和他的妻子在买房车之前，他们卖掉了第二辆车，故选A。

B
Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. She was kind. People always seemed to feel comfortable in her presence. For years, she was a volunteer in our community. I loved going to the local nursing home with her where she taught a ceramic(陶艺)class.
On one summer day, Mama told me to get changed and meet her at the car. I had planned to spend the day at the lake with friends. Why did she have to ruin everything? I imagined the cool lake water. Irritated, I climbed into the car and slammed the door shut. We sat in silence. I was too upset to make conversation.
“Tasha, would you like to know where we are going?” Mama asked calmly.
“No,” I s aid.
“We are going to volunteer at a children’s shelter today. I have been there before and I think it would benefit you.” she explained.
When we reached the shelter, Mama rang the doorbell. Moments later, we were greeted by a woman. She led us to the front room where all of the children were playing. I noticed a baby whose body was scarred with iron marks. I was told it was because she wouldn’t stop crying. The majority of the children had noticeable physical scars. Others hid their emotional wounds.
As I took in my surroundings, I felt a gentle tug on my shirt. I looked down to see a little girl looking up at me. “Hi! You want to play dolls with me?” she asked. I looked over at Mama for reinforcement. She smiled and nodded. I turned back and said, “Sure.” Her tiny hand reached up and held mine, as if to comfort me.
My mom taught me a valuable lesson that summer. I returned to the shelter with her several times. During those visits, some of the children shared their troubled pasts with me and I learned to be grateful for what I had. Today as I convey these values to my own child, I reflect back to that experience. It was a time that I will never forget.
51. What do you think made the writer admire her mother?
A. Her kindness to others.
B. Her excellent teaching.
C. Her quality of honesty.
D. Her positive attitude to life.
52. According to Paragraph 2, how did the author feel when she was asked to go out with her mom?
A. Excited.
B. Angry.
C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
53. From the passage, what can we learn about the children in the shelter?
A. They were never punished.
B. They weren’t allowed to go outside.
C. They were once treated badly.
D. They all suffered from mental illness.
54. Which word is closest to the meaning of the underlined word “reinforcement” ?
A. Truth.
B. Help.
C. Comfort.
D. Support.
55. What lesson did the author learn from her experience?
A. To value what you have.
B. To play with children is fun.
C. To love others is to love yourself.
D. To do as what your parents do.
【答案】51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。

文章主要讲了作者敬佩妈妈是因为妈妈对别人很善良。

通过一次去避难所的经历，妈妈教会了作者要感恩。

【51题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第一段She was kind. People always seemed to feel comfortable in her presence.可知作者敬佩妈妈是因为妈妈对别人很善良，故选A。

【52题详解】
推理判断题。

答案定位在第二段Why did she have to ruin everything? I imagined the cool lake water.（她为什么要毁了一切?我想象着清凉的湖水。

）由此推断出当作者被邀请和她妈妈一起出去时，作者很生气，故选B。

【53题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在倒数第三段The majority of the children had noticeable physical scars. Others hid their emotional wounds.可知避难所里面的孩子过去是受虐待的，故选C。

【54题详解】
词义猜测题。

下文She smiled and nodded说她微笑着点点头，由此推断出上文意思是我看着妈妈，想要得到支持。

“reinforcement”的意思是支持，A. Truth.真相；B. Help. 帮助； C. Comfort.安慰；D. Support.支持，故选D。

【55题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在最后一段I learned to be grateful for what I had.可知妈妈教我要对自己拥有的东西心存感激，故选A。

【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。

小题1，答案定位在第一段She was kind. People always seemed to feel comfortable in her presence.其中kind是关键词，可知作者敬佩妈妈是因为妈妈对别人很善良，故选A。

C
Most young people enjoy some forms of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some forms—football, basketball, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.
Those who have a passion of climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of different kinds which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.
A mountain climber continues to improve his skills year by year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty. But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they perhaps climb with more skills and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
56. What sports are popular among people in winter in the passage?
A. Soccer and golf.
B. Skiing and skating.
C. Cycling and hockey.
D. Mountaineering.
57. What does the underlined word “passion” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Strong emotion.
B. Good way.
C. Better skill.
D. Good reason.
58. Why does the author think mountaineering is a sport, not a game?
A. Because it has man-made rules.
B. Because it is too dangerous for climbers.
C. Because it can't bring people joy or leisure.
D. Because it is free for climbers to use their own methods.
59. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Mountaineering is not attractive to people.
B. Physical quality is more important than mental one for climbers.
C. A mountain climber passes his best by the age of thirty.
D. It is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the Alps.
60. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Sports in winter
B. Team work in climbing
C. Mountaineering
D. A mountain climber
【答案】56. B 57. A 58. D 59. D 60. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了登山这项运动的吸引人之处和在登山运动中对登山者的要求。

【56题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第一段It may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing.可知冬季，人们最喜欢滑雪和滑冰，故选B。

【57题详解】
词义猜测题。

划线部分句意是那些对攀登又高又难的山有激情的人经常被大家仰视，令大家很吃惊。

此处划线词意思是激情、热情，只有A项“强烈的情绪”符合语境，故选A。

【58题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第三段but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. 可知作者认为登山是一项运动，而不是一种游戏是因为登山者自由选择自己的方式，故选D。

【59题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中“Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment.”那些对攀登又高又难的山有激情的人经常被大家仰视，令大家很吃惊，可知登山运动也是很吸引人的，因此A项错误；根据倒数第二段中“ His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.”运动要求精神和身体的高素质，因此B项错误；根据最后一段中“A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty.”一个滑雪运动员可能在三十岁时就已经渡过了他的黄金年龄，而不是登山者，因此C项错误；根据最后一段中“But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps”但是五六十岁的男人爬上阿尔卑斯山的最高峰也不是不常见，因此D项正确。

故选D。

【60题详解】
主旨大意题。

通过阅读全文，可知文章介绍了登山这项运动的吸引人之处和在登山运动中对登山者的要求，故选C。

五、语法填空(共10小题。

每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometres ___61___ (direct) below the city, the ___62___ (great) earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, ___63___ is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation ___64___ (feel) it. A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay ___65___ ruins. The suffering of the people ___66___ (be) extreme. Two-thirds of ___67___ (they) died or were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed and many ___68___ (child) were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard ___69___ (get). People began to wonder ___70___ long the disaster would last.
【答案】61. directly
62. greatest
63. which 64. felt
65. in 66. was
67. them 68. children
69. to get 70. how
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了唐山大地震的发生以及灾难性的影响。

【61题详解】
考查副词。

句意：就在这座城市正下方11公里处，二十世纪最大的地震开始了。

该空修饰副词below，用副词，所以填directly。

【62题详解】
考查最高级。

句意：就在这座城市正下方11公里处，二十世纪最大的地震开始了。

文中表示“最大的地震”，所以填greatest。

【63题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。

___3___ is more than two hundred kilometres away.是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Beijing，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。

【64题详解】
考查时态。

句意：全国三分之一的人都能感觉到它。

描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填felt。

【65题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：在可怕的十五秒钟内，一座大城市变成了废墟。

in ruins成为废墟，该短语是固定短语，所以填in。

【66题详解】
考查主谓一致。

句意：人民的苦难是极端的。

抽象名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。

【67题详解】
考查宾格。

句意：其中三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤。

of 后面如果只有人称代词，就用宾格，所以填them。

【68题详解】
考查名词单复数。

句意：许多孩子失去了父母。

many修饰可数名词复数形式，所以填children。

【69题详解】
考查固定句型。

句意：水、食物和电都很难获得。

be + adj. + to do，不定式主动结构表示被动含义，所以填to get。

【70题详解】
考查宾语从句。

句意：人们开始怀疑这场灾难会持续多久。

___10___ long the disaster would last.是一个宾语从句，表示“多久”，所以填how。

六、书面表达(共1小题，满分15分)
71.假如你是李华。

你的笔友Kenton写信告诉你，他自从上了高中之后成绩不理想，每次考试总是犯很多错误，他很焦虑。

请你用英语回信，给他提一些建议。

要点提示: 1. 表示安慰；
2. 提出建议；
3. 给予鼓励。

参考词汇:分数score 压力pressure
注意:1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Kenton,
I’ve received your letter.
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua 【答案】Dear Kenton,
I’ve received your letter. From your letter, I know that you are worried about your scores because you always make mistakes in exams. However, you should remember that even the best student can make mistakes sometimes, so don’t put too much pressure on yourself.
As far as I am concerned, learning from your mistakes in past exams is a quick way to stop making the same mistakes next time. To begin with, if there are questions that can’t be solved by yourself, you should turn to yo ur teachers or classmates for help. What’s more, during the exams you’d better make a good plan to distribute your time according to the questions. Besides, try to leave a few minutes at the end to check your answers.
Enjoy the challenge that each new exam brings to you. I believe a good learning habit will finally help you gain success.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua 【解析】
【分析】
考查应用文中的书信写作。

【详解】题目要求假如你是李华。

你的笔友Kenton写信告诉你，他自从上了高中之后成绩不理想，每次考试总是犯很多错误，他很焦虑。

请你用英语回信，给他提一些建议。

要点提示: 1. 表示安慰；2. 提出建议；3. 给予鼓励。

分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般
现在时进行写作。

要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。

描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。

还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。

【点睛】这篇书信类短文的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。

From your letter, I know that you are worried about your scores because you always make mistakes in exams.宾语从句的运用；Enjoy the challenge that each new exam brings to you.定语从句的运用。