Thomas Hardy介绍PPT课件
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Thomas Hardy
托马斯·哈代
(1840~1928 )
A Greatest Victorian novelist
❖ Thomas Hardy is last important novelist and poet of the 19th century. Living at the turn of the century.
September 17, 1874 Married Emma Gifford.
1912 Death of Emma Hardy.
February, 6, 1914 Married Florence Dugdale
The home that Hardy built in Dorchester
1856-62 Apprenticed as an architect for four years to John Hicks.
1962 Started working for Arthur Blomfield in London. 1863 Awarded a cash prize for architecture. Did not accept the cash prize.
❖ Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern.
❖ His literary genius is apparent in his poems and novels.
❖ Permeated by religion and music, these early years in the rural South West were to have a profound influence on Hardy and the imaginary 'Wessex' of his later novels.
Outrage
➢Many readers of Jude the Obscure reacted with outrage.
➢The Bishop of Wakefield announced that he had thrown "such garbage" onto his fire.
➢Retreating to his Max Gate fortress, Hardy withstood the critical onslaught on Jude with as much stoicism as he could muster. But it took its toll on his marriage.
“novels of character and environment” is the most outstanding
❖ The Return of the Native 《还乡记》
❖ The Mayor of Casterbridge《卡斯特桥市长》
❖ Tess of the D’urbervilles 《苔丝》 ❖ Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘德》 ❖ Under the Greenwood Tree《绿荫下》 ❖ Far From the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》
➢After ude the Obscure, Hardy never wrote another novel.
outrage
Soon afterwards he began the process of destroying the evidence of his past, long before his executors enthusiastically continued the task. (Within days of the death of Thomas Hardy in 1928, the executors of his estate made a bonfire of his letters and notebooks at his Dorchester home)
--- from Hardy's Preface to the novel 1895-1902
Works: fatalistic mood
❖ This, and his loss of religious faith which was part of the ancient tradition, gave his novels a tragic and fatalistic vision. His pessimistic philosophy seems to show that mankind is subjected to the rule of some hostile and mysterious fate, which brings misfortune to human life.
Hardy dies at the age of 87 on January 10,1928. His body was buried in Westminster Abbey, whereas his heart was buried in Stinsford Churchyard.
Westminster Abbey
❖ Hardy did not reject the social developments which were changing people with their circumstances, but he saw the loss as well as the gain.
❖ And the loss was not estimated merely in the perishing of old customs, but in the passing away of a kind of humanity which would never be replaced.
Thomas and Jemima Hardy
Thomas Hardy
(1840~1928 )
❖ Born and brought up in Dorset, an agricultural district in the south of England, which he called Wessex（韦 塞克斯） in his book.
❖ Current scholars believe Hardy to be one of the greatest tragic novelists of English literature.
June 2, 1840 Thomas Hardy was born to Thomas and Jemima Hardy at Higher Bockhampton Dorset.
the idea of fate and the critical
realistic thoughts in his works
❖ Thomas Hardy has the belief that man’s fate is predetermined tragic, driven by a combined force of “nature” , both inside and outside.
Hardy’s Cottage
❖
1848-56 Educated on different schools – The National School (Church of England) in Lower Bockhampton, the British School in Dorchester.
Thomas Hardy first used the term "Wessex" in his 1874 novel, Far From the Madding Crowd.
It was in the chapters of "Far From the Madding Crowd" … that I first ventured to adopt the word "Wessex" from the pages of early English history, and give it a fictitious significance as the existing name of the district once included in that extinct kingdom. The series of novels I projected being mainly of the kind called local, they seemed to require a territorial definition of some sort to lend unity to their scene.
Wessex
Wessex Works
❖ Wessex novels: novels describing the characters and environment of his native countryside.
❖ Their setting is the agricultural region of the southern counties of England. He truthfully depicts the poverty and decay of small farmers who become hired field hands and roam of the traditional mode of life in rural England.
Many of Hardy's books and letters were burnt
A Poet & A Novelist
He wrote much poetry in the last thirty years of his life and remains a highly regarded poet and novelist.
Outrage
But Tess and Jude were given a hostile reception by the bourgeois public.
Hardy’s skepticism : This was particularly true when he began work on Jude the Obscure, a work in which the religious doubts of the central character would find uncompromising expression. Hardy was now turning his back on orthodox religion. His literary message was now a long way from conventional Victorian morality.
Poet’s Corner
Novels
➢ He himself grouped his novels into three series: ➢ romances and fantasies “传奇和幻想作品”（罗曼史） ➢ novels of ingenuity “机巧和实验小说”（爱情阴谋故事） ➢ novels of character and environment. “性格和环境小说”
❖ In Hardy’s works , there is also bitter and sharp criticism of the hypocritical and unfair Victorian institutions, conventions and moral values which strangle the individual will and destroy natural human emotions and relationships.
托马斯·哈代
(1840~1928 )
A Greatest Victorian novelist
❖ Thomas Hardy is last important novelist and poet of the 19th century. Living at the turn of the century.
September 17, 1874 Married Emma Gifford.
1912 Death of Emma Hardy.
February, 6, 1914 Married Florence Dugdale
The home that Hardy built in Dorchester
1856-62 Apprenticed as an architect for four years to John Hicks.
1962 Started working for Arthur Blomfield in London. 1863 Awarded a cash prize for architecture. Did not accept the cash prize.
❖ Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern.
❖ His literary genius is apparent in his poems and novels.
❖ Permeated by religion and music, these early years in the rural South West were to have a profound influence on Hardy and the imaginary 'Wessex' of his later novels.
Outrage
➢Many readers of Jude the Obscure reacted with outrage.
➢The Bishop of Wakefield announced that he had thrown "such garbage" onto his fire.
➢Retreating to his Max Gate fortress, Hardy withstood the critical onslaught on Jude with as much stoicism as he could muster. But it took its toll on his marriage.
“novels of character and environment” is the most outstanding
❖ The Return of the Native 《还乡记》
❖ The Mayor of Casterbridge《卡斯特桥市长》
❖ Tess of the D’urbervilles 《苔丝》 ❖ Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘德》 ❖ Under the Greenwood Tree《绿荫下》 ❖ Far From the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》
➢After ude the Obscure, Hardy never wrote another novel.
outrage
Soon afterwards he began the process of destroying the evidence of his past, long before his executors enthusiastically continued the task. (Within days of the death of Thomas Hardy in 1928, the executors of his estate made a bonfire of his letters and notebooks at his Dorchester home)
--- from Hardy's Preface to the novel 1895-1902
Works: fatalistic mood
❖ This, and his loss of religious faith which was part of the ancient tradition, gave his novels a tragic and fatalistic vision. His pessimistic philosophy seems to show that mankind is subjected to the rule of some hostile and mysterious fate, which brings misfortune to human life.
Hardy dies at the age of 87 on January 10,1928. His body was buried in Westminster Abbey, whereas his heart was buried in Stinsford Churchyard.
Westminster Abbey
❖ Hardy did not reject the social developments which were changing people with their circumstances, but he saw the loss as well as the gain.
❖ And the loss was not estimated merely in the perishing of old customs, but in the passing away of a kind of humanity which would never be replaced.
Thomas and Jemima Hardy
Thomas Hardy
(1840~1928 )
❖ Born and brought up in Dorset, an agricultural district in the south of England, which he called Wessex（韦 塞克斯） in his book.
❖ Current scholars believe Hardy to be one of the greatest tragic novelists of English literature.
June 2, 1840 Thomas Hardy was born to Thomas and Jemima Hardy at Higher Bockhampton Dorset.
the idea of fate and the critical
realistic thoughts in his works
❖ Thomas Hardy has the belief that man’s fate is predetermined tragic, driven by a combined force of “nature” , both inside and outside.
Hardy’s Cottage
❖
1848-56 Educated on different schools – The National School (Church of England) in Lower Bockhampton, the British School in Dorchester.
Thomas Hardy first used the term "Wessex" in his 1874 novel, Far From the Madding Crowd.
It was in the chapters of "Far From the Madding Crowd" … that I first ventured to adopt the word "Wessex" from the pages of early English history, and give it a fictitious significance as the existing name of the district once included in that extinct kingdom. The series of novels I projected being mainly of the kind called local, they seemed to require a territorial definition of some sort to lend unity to their scene.
Wessex
Wessex Works
❖ Wessex novels: novels describing the characters and environment of his native countryside.
❖ Their setting is the agricultural region of the southern counties of England. He truthfully depicts the poverty and decay of small farmers who become hired field hands and roam of the traditional mode of life in rural England.
Many of Hardy's books and letters were burnt
A Poet & A Novelist
He wrote much poetry in the last thirty years of his life and remains a highly regarded poet and novelist.
Outrage
But Tess and Jude were given a hostile reception by the bourgeois public.
Hardy’s skepticism : This was particularly true when he began work on Jude the Obscure, a work in which the religious doubts of the central character would find uncompromising expression. Hardy was now turning his back on orthodox religion. His literary message was now a long way from conventional Victorian morality.
Poet’s Corner
Novels
➢ He himself grouped his novels into three series: ➢ romances and fantasies “传奇和幻想作品”（罗曼史） ➢ novels of ingenuity “机巧和实验小说”（爱情阴谋故事） ➢ novels of character and environment. “性格和环境小说”
❖ In Hardy’s works , there is also bitter and sharp criticism of the hypocritical and unfair Victorian institutions, conventions and moral values which strangle the individual will and destroy natural human emotions and relationships.