(英语)高三英语阅读理解(教育文化)技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)

（英语）高三英语阅读理解(教育文化)技巧阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1．阅读理解
By now you've probably heard about the "you're not special" speech, when English teacher David McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School: "Do not get the idea you're anything special, because you're not." Mothers and fathers present at the ceremony 一and a whole lot of other parents across the Internet — took issue with McCullough's ego-puncturing (伤自尊的) words. But lost in the uproar (喧嚣)was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they're particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities, a crucial requirement for getting better at anything from math to music to sports. In fact, it's not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above average.
Such inflated self-judgments have been found in study after study and it's often exactly when we're least competent at a given task that we rate our performance most generously, in a 2006 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example, medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most charitable in their self evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor students, the authors note, "lack insight" into their own inadequacy. Why should this be? Another study, led by Cornell University psychologist David Dunning, offers an enlightening explanation. People who are incompetent, he writes with coauthor Justin Kruger, suffer from a “dual burden": they're not good at what they do, and their very clumsiness prevents them from recognizing how bad they are.
In Dunning and Kruger's study, subjects scoring at the bottom on tests of logic, grammar and humor -extremely overestimated'' their talents. Although their test scores put them in the 12th percentile (百分位数) they guessed they were in the 62nd. What these individuals lacked (in addition 9 clear logic, proper grammar and a sense of humor) was "meta cognitive skill" the capacity to monitor how well they're performing. In the absence of that capacity, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. There's a paradox here, the authors note: The skills that lead to competence in a particular domain are often the very same skills necessary to evaluate competence in that field? In other words, to get better at judging how well we're doing at an activity, we have to get better at the activity itself.
There are a couple of ways out of this double bind. First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don't possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific. Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you're doing, but just what it is that you're doing wrong. As Dunning and Kruger note, success indicates to us that everything went right, but failure is more ambiguous: any number of things could have gone wrong. Use this external feedback to figure out exactly where and when you screwed up.
If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won't need parents, or a commencement (毕业典礼)speaker, to tell them that they're special. They'll
already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way.
（1）The author thinks the real problem is that .
A.no requirement is set up for young people to get better
B.we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged
C.we don't know whether our young people are talented or not
D.young people don't know how to assess their abilities realistically
（2）We can infer from the passage that those high-scoring students
A.know how to cultivate clear logic and proper grammar
B.tend to be very competent in their high-scoring fields
C.don't view themselves as competent because they know their limits
D.don't know how well they perform due to their strict self-judgement
（3）The strategies of becoming special suggest that .
A.we need internal honesty with ourselves and external honesty from others
B.the best way to get better is to carefully study past success and failure
C.through comparison with others, one will know where and when he fails
D.neither parents nor a commencement speaker can tell whether one is special
（4）Which can be the best title of this passage?
A.Tip On Making Ourselves More Special
B.Let's Admit That We Are Not That Special
C.Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out
D.Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，是特殊或者不是？我们要教会孩子理解它。

作者认为真正的问题是年轻人不知道如何现实地评估自己的能力。

想要变得特别，我们需要对自己诚实和他人对我们的诚实。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“But lost in the uproar （喧嚣）was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they're particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities”,可知作者认为人们应该在喧嚣之后记住：现在的年轻人不知道他们究竟有没有天赋，其根本原因是他们不知道如何实际地评估自己的能力。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“suffer from a “dual burden": they're not good at what they do, and their very clumsiness prevents them from recognizing how bad they are.”得低分的学生遭受着双重负担，即他们不擅长自己所做的，并且他们的笨拙让他们无法意识到自己有多差。

由此可推断，得高分的学生擅长自己所作的。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. 和Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you're doing, but just what it is
that you're doing wrong.”可知我们要学会诚实地将自己和他人进行比较，也需要一个人将我们做的不好的，以及做错了什么如实相告。

由此可推测变得特别的策略表明我们需要对自己诚实，也需要别人对我们诚实。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段“If we adopt these strategies —and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won't need parents, or a commencement (毕业典礼)speaker, to tell them that they're special. They'll already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way.”可知教会了孩子文中提到的策略，孩子就可以知道他们自己是否特别，或者已经在变得特别的路上。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Chewing gum(口香糖) has its origins in ancient times from Mayans to Greeks who would chew the resin(树脂)of certain trees for medical purposes and maybe even for freshening breath. The history of chewing gum continued as Native Americans introduced it to European settlers.
Chewing gum hit the market after Santa Anna brought a case of chicle(糖胶树脂) from Mexico to New York. Santa Anna gave some to the part-time inventor Thomas Adams Thomas Adams changed the gum and marketed it as a candy. The invention took off and was known as Chiclets. In 1900 Frank Fleer coate chewing gum with sugar, and in 1906 Blibber Blubber was invented, but never made it to market. Blibber Blubber was too sticky and it was also too difficult to remove the burst bubble(破了的泡泡) from one's skin without using some special tools.
A history of bubblegum just wouldn't be complete without mentioning the gumball machine, which popularized gum. The first gumball machine came onto the scene in 1907 and sold sugar-coated chewing gum.
However, it wasn't until 1928 that bubblegum was created. Walter Diemer, working for Frank Fleer's gum company, discovered bubblegum by accident while experimenting in the lab during his breaks. The gum was named Dubble Bubble. Pink was the only color which could be used at the time, and Dubble Bubble has remained pink ever since.
According to the International Chewing Gum Association,during WWII Dubble Bubble was handed out by US military members as gifts, thereby spreading its popularity among the peoples of Europe, Africa, and Asia. And in the 1930s he first bubblegum cards appeared. "the pictures
changed from war heroes to Wild West figures to professional athletes."
Bubblegum has been popular ever since, especially among children, thanks to its inventive shapes, and sugary flavors, from original bubblegum to a yardstick of fruity bubblegum.
（1）How did Thomas Adams deal with the chicle that Santa Anna gave to him?
A. He sold it to the military.
B. He introduced it to Europeans.
C. He turned it into chewing gum.
D. He used it for medical purposes.
（2）Which of the fallowing is the least popular?
A. Chiclets
B. Gumballs.
C. Dubble Bubble.
D. Blibber Blubber.
（3）What was special about Dubble Bubble when it was invented?
A. It was pink-colored.
B. It was candy-coated.
C. It was hard to remove from one's skin.
D. It was invented by a US military member.
（4）What does the text mainly introduce?
A. The popularity of gum.
B. The history of bubblegum.
C. The origins of chewing gum.
D. The invention of the gumball machine.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了泡泡糖的起源和历史。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Santa Anna gave some to the part-time inventor Thomas Adams. Thomas Adams changed the gum and marketed it as a candy.”Santa Anna给了兼职发明家Thomas Adams一些。

Thomas Adams将口香糖改头换面，将其作为一种糖果推向市场。

可知Thomas Adams把Santa Anna给他的树胶变成了口香糖。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Blib ber Blubber was too sticky and it was also too difficult to remove the burst bubble from one's skin without using some special tools.”Blibber Blubber太粘了，不使用一些特殊的工具就很难把皮肤上破裂的泡沫去除。

可推知因为Blibber Blubber的特性，Blibber Blubber最不受欢迎。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段中的“Pink wa s the only color which could be used at the time, and Dubble Bubble has remained pink ever since.”粉红色是当时唯一可以使用的颜色，Dubble Bubble从那时起一直保持粉红色。

可知当Dubble Bubble被发明出来的时候，它的特别之处是它是粉色的。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第三段中的“A history of bubblegum just wouldn't be complete without mentioning the gumball machine, which popularized gum. The first gumball machine came onto the scene in 1907 and sold sugar-coated chewing gum.”泡泡糖的历史如果不提到普及了泡泡糖的口香糖机就不完整了。

1907年，第一台口香糖机问世，并开始销售涂了糖衣的口香糖。

以及文章的主要内容是围绕着泡泡糖的历史展开，可知本文主要介绍泡泡糖的历史。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
About two months ago, Xing Yan started experiencing insomnia for the first time.
"It developed suddenly. I was under heavy pressure from work at the time. I could not fall asleep at all at night, and was wide awake until dawn. I tried not to think of the things that were troubling me and forget them, but the thoughts quickly returned, making it even harder for me to fall asleep," said the bank employee from Fushun, Liaoning province.
Before the insomnia developed, Xing had regularly experienced less serious related disorders, such as taking a long time to fall asleep. He believes his tendency to worry may be the cause of his insomnia.
In addition to feeling tired during the day, Xing feels he is experiencing the physical consequences of insomnia, such as an unexplained stomach ache.
"I became very frightened when I realized I could not sleep every day," said the 40-year-old, who has been admitted to Peking University Sixth Hospital in Beijing for treatment. "I may be ruined if this situation continues."
In an attempt to overcome his problem, Xing plans to strictly follow the advice of his doctor, such as getting up and going to bed at fixed times, and taking medication.
Sun Hongqiang, director of the Sleep Medicine Center at the hospital, said his team has seen a constant rise in the number of patients with sleeping disorders in recent years.
Despite seeing about 100 patients every day, the 12 doctors at the center are unable to meet demand, which means many patients endure a long wait before they can consult a physician, according to Sun.
"Globally, the incidence of sleep disorders is rising," he said. "In China, about 30 percent of the population has sleep disorders, while around 10 percent frequently experience insomnia."
It is unclear what is behind the rise in the number of people with sleep disorders, but the problem may be linked with factors such as personality, brain-related illnesses and disturbed lifestyles, he added.
（1）What is the meaning of the underlined word "insomnia"?
A.Being unable to sleep.
B.Staying up late.
C.Low sleep quality.
D.Taking a long time to fall asleep.
（2）What's Xing's occupation?
A.A doctor.
B.A bank employee.
C.A student from Peking University.
D.A physician.
（3）What can be inferred from Sun Hongqiang's words?
A.About 30% of the Chinese suffer from insomnia.
B.Doctors are too busy to see people with insomnia.
C.Physicians are in high demand in the battle against insomnia.
D.The causes of insomnia include brain-related illnesses and disturbed lifestyles.
（4）What can be the best title of the passage?
A.Insomnia — A terrible disease
B.Insomnia — An increasing incident
C.Doctors — In great demand
D.Sleep disorder — A constant phenomenon
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了辽宁抚顺的银行员工邢燕的失眠及治疗经历，说明了目前全球范围内睡眠障碍的问题。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“I could not fall asleep at all at night, and was wide awake until dawn.”我整夜睡不着觉，一直醒到天亮，可知，邢燕第一次经历了失眠。

由此猜测insomnia意为“失眠”。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“said the bank employee from Fushun, Liaoning province.”可知，邢燕是一名辽宁抚顺的银行员工。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第三段中的“Despite seeing about 100 patients every day, the 12 doctors at the center are unable to meet demand, which means many patients endure a long wait before they can consult a physician, according to Sun.”可知，尽管每天约有100名患者就诊，但该中心的12名医生仍无法满足需求。

由此推知，治疗失眠的医生的需求很高。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

结合文章可知，全球范围内，睡眠障碍的发病率正在上升。

在中国，大约30%的人有睡眠障碍，大约10%的人经常失眠。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Organic food (有机食品) is very popular. It is also expensive. Some organic food costs twice as much as non-organic food. Some parents and pet owners pay up to 200 percent more for organic food while some people think organic food is a waste of money.
There is one main difference between organic and nonorganic food. Organic farms do not use agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides (杀虫剂). This makes sure that the products are natural. Some people think "organic" means "locally grown". At the beginning, this was true. Over time organic farming became more difficult. The demand for organic food grew larger than the supply. Small companies had to sell out to large companies. There weren't enough organic materials. This made it difficult for many organic companies to stay in business. Today, many large companies have an organic line of products.
Is organic food more nutritious (有营养的)? This is part of the debate. Many farmers and
consumers (消费者) believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems, such as cancer. Many health experts disagree. Few studies prove that organic food prevents health problems. Health experts worry more about bacteria (细菌). These can come into contact with organic and non-organic food. Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully.
Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra money? This is a matter of opinion. Whether it is healthier or not may require more research. However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.
（1）What is probably the major concern(关注) of organic food consumers?
A.Price.
B.Safety.
C.Freshness.
D.Variety.
（2）What is the doctors' suggestion?
A.Grow your own food.
B.Reduce the use of pesticides.
C.Make sure the food is clean.
D.Buy large companies' products.
（3）Which of the following do most people agree on organic food?
A.It tastes better.
B.It is easier to grow.
C.It contains more fat.
D.It is more nutritious.
（4）Where does this text probably come from?
A.A health magazine.
B.A medical report.
C.A chemistry paper.
D.A menu of a restaurant.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了人们在有机食物的价格，有机食物是否更有营养等方面持有不同的观点。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.”可知，有机食品消费者们认为安全总比后悔好，所以愿意为了安全花更多的钱。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully.”可知，医生建议要非常细心的清洗农产品。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better.”可知，大多数人同意自然生长的食物（即有机食品）味道更好。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了有机食物的有关信息，并提到了人们对于其营养，价格等方面的不同意见，属于饮食、健康方面的文章。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
What do people in the outside world do when they want to learn something? They go to somebody who knows about it, and ask him. They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything —except, when they are very young, to their parents: and they speedily become dissatisfied with that variety of knowledge. They go to somebody who might reasonably expected to know about the particular thing they are interested in. When a man buys a motor-car, he does not say to himself: "Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car?" He does not look in the telephone directory under T. He just gets an experienced driver to teach him. He just pays attention and asks questions and tries to do the thing himself, until he learns.
But this case, of course, assumes an interest of the pupil in the subject, a willingness and even a desire to learn about it, a feeling that the matter is of some importance to himself. And come to think of it, these motives are generally present in the learning that goes on in the outside world. It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.
When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(铁匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength; and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a red-hot penny, that would have been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, "We will go on with that tomorrow," and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play "The Rock of Ages" on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you. There's no doubt what you would think of him; you would know perfectly well that he was crazy; people don't do things in that way anywhere in the world, except in school.
And even if he had assured you that what were taught were later in your life going to be matters of the deepest importance and interest, and that you should start in now with the determination of becoming proficient in them, it would not have helped much. Not very much. It's nonsense that children do not want to learn. Everybody wants to learn. And everybody wants to teach. And the process is going on all the time. All that is necessary is to put a person who knows something —really knows it—within the curiosity-range of someone who doesn't know it: the process begins at once. It is almost irresistible.
If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one
thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well, Of course, we'd have to pay them more, because they could get other jobs out in the larger world; and besides, you couldn't expect to get somebody who knows how to do something, for the price you are accustomed to pay those who only know how to teach everything.
（1）What does the author mainly want to say with this article?
A.An education without teachers is unimaginable,
B.A teacher who knows everything is more welcome,
C.School teachers are far from satisfactory and necessary,
D.We have paid too much for teachers for school education.
（2）What does the underlined "somebody" in the first paragraph refer to?
A.A teacher.
B.A parent.
C.A man in the outside world.
D.A man like the blacksmith,
（3）What happened in the "new shop" mentioned in paragraph 3?
eless subjects like painting and poetry, sculpture and music were taught.
B.The man at work became crazy with so many subjects to deal with.
C.One man teaching everything influenced the efficiency of learning.
D.Children listened carefully and often discussed about what is taught with others.
（4）According to the author, which of the following can we infer?
A.Teachers are not as useful as parents in helping a child to learn,
B.Schools are the places killing students' interest and willingness to learn,
C.Learning life related skills like blacksmithing is more important than arts.
D.Teachers are ordinary human beings who know thoroughly everything.
（5）Which of the following figures of speech(修辞手法) are used in the article?
a. exemplification(举例)
b. exaggeration(夸张)
c. personification(拟人)
d. irony(讽刺)
e. analogy (类比)
A.abc
B.ade
C.bcd
D.cde
（6）In the last paragraph, the author mainly _______.
A.introduces a new idea
B.raises a new question
C.gives some new evidence
D.stresses his viewpoint
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）B
（6）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，学生的学习动机通常存在外部世界的学习中，在学校里，学生才会不愿意学习，固定模式的学校教育显然不能满足于孩子对知识的渴望。

学校教师远非令人满意和必要。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning p retty well.”可知，如果没有老师——没有那些本应知道一切的仓促而肤浅的训练有素的女灶神星——而只是那些热情而彻底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做这件事的普通人——我们可能会很好地学习。

所以作者通过这篇文章主要想说学校教师远非令人满意和必要。

故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything —except, when they are very young, to their parents”可知，他们不会去问什么都知道的人——这不包括他们很小的时候，去找他们的父母。

所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，这个什么都知道的人是除了父母之外的人也就是老师。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, "We will go on with that tomorrow," and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play ‘The Rock of Ages" on a flute’ ”可知，当你往开着的门里看时，你看到一个人正在工作，正在画画；假设就在这时，一个铃响了，那个人停止了绘画，开始大声朗读“他们是如何把好消息从根特带到艾克斯的”；假设当他读到一半时，铃又响了，他说，“我们明天继续，”并开始用凿子雕刻一块大理石的表面；然后，过了一会儿，有点累了，开始用笛子吹奏《时代之石》。

所以通过这个教学过程可以判断出，一个人教所有的东西影响了学习的效率。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.”可知，只有在学校里，学生才会不愿意学习。

由此推断出学校是扼杀学生学习兴趣和意愿的地方。

故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“When a man buys a motor-car, he does not say to himself: “Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car?" ”可知，短文主要运用了举例的修辞手法，说明当一个人想学习新事物时的求助对象；第三段中的“When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(铁匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength; and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a red-hot penny, that would have
been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, "We will go on with that tomorrow," and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play "The Rock of Ages" on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you.”可知，本段将铁匠埔和新店进行了类比，来类比两种教育模式，并以讽刺的修辞方法描述了新店的教育模式。

综合选项。

故选B。

（6）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“If there were no teacher s—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well”可知，如果没有老师——没有那些本应知道一切的仓促而肤浅的训练有素的女灶神星——而只是那些热情而彻底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做这件事的普通人——我们可能会很好地学习”所以最后一段在强调作者的观点“学校教师远非令人满意和必要”。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
It is hard, it hurts —and yet more than two million of us in the UK run at least once a week.
Of course, some people run to lose weight, or to get fit, and these are great reasons. Running is also easy to do, it's cheap, and you can do it when you want. All these factors certainly contribute to the fact that running is one of the most popular sports in the UK.
But for many of those two million runners, the real reason we head out to beat the roads until our legs hurt is more intangible (无形的) than weight loss or fitness.
Many runners become interested in times. They try to break the 40-minute barrier for the 10K, or run under four hours for the marathon. Yet, really, these times are almost meaningless. And as soon as they are achieved, another target is thrown out almost immediately.
The times are only the carrots we put in front of ourselves. But why do we put them there in the first place? Nobody ever gives a wise answer Deep down, we all know the answer.
Running brings us joy. Watch small children when they are excited, at play, and mostly they can't stop running. There's a great moment in The Catcher in the Rye when Holden Caulfield, caught in the uneasy space between childhood and adulthood, is walking across his school grounds one evening and he suddenly starts to run. “I don't ever know what I was running for一I guess I just felt like it,” he says.
This will to run is born. In fact, humans may well have evolved (进化) the way we did because of our ability to run. As children, and even adolescents, we can respond to this natural call to run
whenever the feeling takes us.
As we run, we begin to sense that childish joy, which is born to live a wilder existence. As we run, the layers of responsibility and identity we have gathered in our lives, father, mother, lawyer, teacher, all fall away, leaving us with the raw human being.
If we push on, running harder, deeper into the loneliness, further away from the world and the structure of our lives, we begin to feel strangely excited, separated yet at the same time connected, to ourselves. With nothing but our own two legs moving us, we begin to get a sense of who, or what, we really are. After a long run, everything seems right in the world. Everything is at peace. To experience this is a powerful feeling, strong enough to have us coming back, again and again, for more.
（1）Why does the author think setting time goals is almost meaningless?
A.Because those time goals can' t be achieved.
B.Because those time goals can be achieved easily
C.Because people will be very proud once the time goals are achieved.
D.Because there will always be a new time goal once the former one is achieved.
（2）The author mentions the reasons for running EXCEPT___________.
A.challenging ourselves
B.running away from responsibility
C.losing weight and keeping fit
D.bringing us joy and peace in mind
（3）Which of the following words can best describe the author's attitude towards running?
A.Uncertain.
B.Doubtful.
C.Supportive.
D.Puzzled.
（4）What does the underlined word "this" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A.breaking the 40 -minute barrier for the 10K.
B.running under four hours for the Marathon.
C.feeling separated from the world after running
D.feeling everything is right after a long run.
（5）What may be the best tile of this passage ?
A.Running to Keep Fit
B.Running to Break Records
C.Running to Be the Real You
D.Running to Become an Adult
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过英国众多的长跑者引出本文的主题，跑步不仅。