2016考研英语阅读最后冲刺技巧
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考研英语阅读的“救命稻草”(一):超精准定位
2016考研已然到了攻坚阶段,在这次没有硝烟的斗争中,有些人不知不觉已经在现场确认之际倒下了。
还在坚守的同学们,一定要挺住了。
文都教育考研英语老师给大家倾心准备了阅读理解的“救命稻草”,希望在这关键的时刻,为大家守住信念,陪大家看那风光依旧、溪水长流。
在做阅读时,可以先浏览题干,观察选项,如果四个选项的句式结构都是A and/or/but B结构,非常容易找出答案.可以在文章中找出与A and/or/but B相同(或相似)的句式结构。
如果四个选项的句式结构都是A and/or/but B,那么文章中的某个地方肯定有那么个短语或词组,其句式结构也是A and/or/but B,该短语或词组就是答案的同义替换。
下面以真题为例。
例如:(真题阅读2003年Text 2)第27题,它的四个选项的句式结构是:A and/but B。
27. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is
________________________.
[A] cruel but natural(残忍的、自然的)
[B] inhuman and unacceptable(不人道的、不能接受的)
[C] inevitable but vicious(不可避免的、恶毒的)(B)
[D] pointless and wasteful(无意义的、浪费的)
[解析]:该题没有明显的段落号来定位,但是可以根据做题顺序,该题定位在第3段,该段内容如下:
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way -- in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations, and even a pet’s shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
在该段段尾,句子wasteful at best and cruel at worst.中含有与选项句式结构(即A and/but B)相近的句式结构,即“inhuman and unacceptable(不人道的、不能接受的) ”,它是选项B的同义替换,所以正确答案是B。
又如:(真题阅读2008年Text 1)第28题,它的四个选项的句式结构是:A and B。
28.According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be
A. domestic and temporary(家庭的、临时的)
B. irregular and violent(不规律的、暴力的)
C. durable and frequent(持久的、经常的)
D. trivial and random(琐碎的、随机的)
[解析]:该题没有明确的定位信息,只能定位到段落上,即第4段,该段内容如下:
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”
在该段中,很容易找出,chronic or repeated(长期的、反复的)是A and/or B结构,它是选项C的同义替换,所以正确答案是C。
通过上面的例子,小伙伴们,知道如何找答案了吗?考研英语其实就是一个外国爹和中国娘的混血儿,只要你知道了它双亲的特征,自然不难看出孩子是什么样子的。
所以,不必惧怕,文都教育的奇思妙解帮你稳超胜券。
2016考研英语阅读的“救命稻草”(二):答案特征分析
2016考研已然到了攻坚阶段,在这次没有硝烟的斗争中,有些人不知不觉已经在现场确认之际倒下了。
还在坚守的同学们,一定要挺住了。
文都教育考研英语老师给大家倾心准备了阅读理解的“救命稻草”,希望在这关键的时刻,为大家守住信念,陪大家看那风光依旧、溪水长流。
已经做了十年真题的同学,应该学会了总结正确选项和错误选项的特征了吧。
下面我们一起来看下这个选项特征词吧。
(1)包含中心思想、主题词的往往是答案(所有类型题都适用)。
例如:(英语二2013年Text 2)
30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .
[A] Come and Go: Big Mistake [B] Living and Thriving: Great Risk
[C] Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake [D] With or Without: Great Risk
文中Come and Go,Living and Thriving,With or Without各出现了一次,而Legal or Illegal出现了两次,而Legal这个单词也在文中反复出现,所以答案选C,
(2)隐蔽处往往有答案。
(同位语、插入语、定语、长句后半句、从句、副词、不定时)。
例如:(英语2012年Text 1)
There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.
24. Paragraph 5 shows that our imitation of behaviors _____________.
[A] is harmful to our networks of friends
[B] will mislead behavioral studies
[C] occurs without our realizing it
[D] can produce negative health habits
解析:该题对应段落是第5段,就是对副词unconsciously 的考查,选项C是对unconsciously 的完美解释。
所以,选C。
(3)合理项不一定是答案,不合理项往往是答案;
例如:(英语2011年Text 4)
In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the childless. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.
38. It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks___________ .
[A] are constantly exposed to criticism
[B] are largely ignored by the media
[C] fail to fulfill their social responsibilities
[D] are less likely to be satisfied with their life
解析:很多同学选D,但是一定要注意,文中but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world 句子用的是被动语态,而D是主动语态,且看似合理,这是出题老师用来迷惑大家的啊。
而A是被动态,且看似不太合理,但是和文中but之后的句子貌似相关。
考研没有标准答案,只有最佳答案,所以相比较而言,只能选A。
(4)照抄原文不是答案
(5)含义肯定的不是答案,含义不肯定的是答案。
含义不肯定的往往包含以下词语:
could,may/might,usually,most(大多数),more or less,relatively,be likely to,whether or,not definitely,possible,suspicion(怀疑),dubious(可疑的),hesitate,
not necessarily,suggest,potential,trend,threat,unknown,
含义肯定的或者绝对的往往包含以下词语:
Must,always,never,the most(最高级),all,only,any,none,entirely,absolute,
(6)具体的不是答案,概括性的是答案,包括以下词语:
both,various,many,general,not only...but also,
(7)包含some的往往是答案,包括以下词语:
someone,somebody,some time,something,someday,certain(一些),
(8)具体的不是答案,抽象的往往是答案,抽象词汇包括以下:
approach,concept,misconception,awareness,property(特性,属性),
character,chance,opportunity,
(9)表示重要的往往是答案,包括以下词语:
important,necessity,essential,significant,dominant,special,vital,particular,fundamental
通过上面的选项特征词汇的总结,文都教育考研英语老师想告诉大家,只要用心去做真题,就一定能够发现做题的规律的。
考研不再难,阅读也不再难,路漫漫其修远兮,文都将一路相伴大家到最后。
祝大家2016考研旗开得胜,金榜题名。
2016考研英语阅读的“救命稻草”(三)阅读选项的奥秘
阅读理解堪称考研英语的“半壁江山”,话说“得考研阅读者,得考研之天下”,阅读理解如此重要,希望所有奋战在研途上的同学能够在阅读上多下功夫,多练习真题,顺利攻克2016考研英语阅读这座大山。
下面文都教育的老师从阅读选项上给大家提供一些线索来做题目。
一、在阅读理解题中,选项中含有表述否定的关键词,该选项往往不是答案(如no longer、little、cannot)。
下面以真题为例,为大家展示。
例1,阅读真题2009年Text3第35题
According to the last paragraph, development of education
[A].results directly from competitive environments
[B].does not depend on economic performance
[C].follows improved productivity
[D].cannot afford political changes
[解析]:此题中,D项含有cannot,排除D。
(此题答案是C)
例2,阅读真题2009年Text1第25题
25.Ryan’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing?
[A].prevents new habits form being formed
[B].no longer emphasizes commonness
[C].maintains the inherent American thinking model
[D].complies with the American belief system
[解析]:此题中,B项含有no longer,排除B。
(此题答案是A)
二、在阅读理解中,选项中含有表述“忽视,忽略”的关键词,选项往往不是答案(如neglect/negligence、ignore)。
例:阅读真题2013年Text1第24题
24.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists
[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability
[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing
[解析]:选项B中含ignore,B是错误选项,排除B。
(此题答案是D)
三、在阅读理解的作者态度题中:
(1)如果选项表述悲观(pessimistic、gloomy)、恐惧(scared)、蔑视/嘲笑(contempt、scornful)、绝望(desperate)、批评(critical)、有害(harmful、destructive)、自以为是(conceited)等,往往不是答案。
(2)如果选项表述困惑(confused、puzzled)、漠不关心(indifference/indifferent)、不确定(uncertain)等,不是答案。
因为作者必须表明一个明确的态度,不能模棱两可。
(3)如果选项表述偏见(biased),往往不是答案。
(4)如果选项表述支持(supportive)、欣赏(appreciation)、满意(satisfaction)、肯定(positive)等,往往不是答案。
(5)如果选项表述怀疑(skeptical/doubtful/questionable)、乐观(optimistic)、同情(sympathy)等,通常是答案。
四、在阅读理解中,若选项含表述“拒绝”的关键词,则该选项往往不是答案(如resist/resistant、deny、reject、refuse)。
例:阅读真题2013年Text1第22题
22.According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to
[A] combat unnecessary waste
[B] shut out the feverish fashion world
[C] resist the influence of advertisements
[D] shop for their garments more frequently
[解析]:选项C中含resist,C是错误选项,排除C。
(此题答案是D)
五、在阅读理解题中,若选项含against,通常是错误选项。
特别是,若选项还含有against表述的对象,则该选项更应断定为错误选项。
理由是,against表述的是带有明确性的否定意思,而若选项表述过于明确(或者有绝对化倾向),往往是错误选项。
例:2012年第39题(正确答案:C)
39.The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions
[A].often run against the current political system
[B].can change people’s political attitudes
[C].may be a barrier to public-sector reforms
[D].are dominant in the government
[解析]:此题中,选项A含against,A是错误选项,排除之。
其中the current political system是against表述的对象。
真题反复做上十年,保证大家可以熟练应对2016考研英语。
也希望考研的同学们能把阅读理解的正确选项加以比较和总结,把错误选项尝试着修改成正确答案。
在不断反复地研究中,得出自己的解题规律和语感。
总之,有备而来,你定会有“获”而去。
加油,胜利是属于你们的。