2019高考英语一轮基础选习题模块2Unit1Talesoftheunexplained(含解析)牛津译林版

Tales of the unexplained
李仕才
一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

One of the main creators of the World Wide Web，Sir Tim Berners­Lee has warned that the fast growth of the Internet is also creating serious problems.
He especially warns of false information being easily spread around the Internet，“A great danger is that it becomes a place where untruths start to spread more than truths，or it becomes a place which becomes increasingly unfair in some way.”In particular he mentions the phenomena of blogg ing.Blogging enables friends and contacts to easily spread information.However he argues that people may too easily trust information mentioned in a blog.This inaccurate information can then easily become an accepted truth on the Internet.
He suggests that the most important development of the Internet will be in creating ways of allowing people to check the correctness of information by providing original sources.Sir Tim admits that this is an important challenge.It's interesting to note that Wikipedia(维基百科)has had to take steps to prevent false information from being added to the biographies of living people.It's easy for anybody to edit the open source.However，some people have pointed out that it has been used to spread false materials.In seeking to raise standards，Wikipedia has sought to stop the false materials.
At the same time there is a growing view that the Internet has had a great effect on the way millions of people work.The last two years have seen a big growth in the use of the Internet.There appears no slowdown in the growth of the Internet with increasing access in the developing countries.Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.Sir Tim has recently launched a new joint initiative (倡议)between the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content.
1．What is the especially serious problem that Sir Tim refers to?
A．The growth of the Internet is too fast.
B．The Internet has a side effect on young children.
C．The Internet companies compete against each other in an unfair way.
D．The false information spreads rapidly on the Internet.
2．What causes the biographies to have false information?
A．The Internet users refuses other users to correct them.
B．Wikipedia doesn't take any steps.
C．Anybody can easily edit the biographies.
D．Wikipedia attempts to publish false materials.
3．According to the last paragraph，the purpose of the joint initiative is to ________.
A．provide free Internet access to the poor countries
B．improve the reliability of online content
C．create the first degree in science and technology
D．enlarge the use of the Internet
4．We can infer from the text that ________.
A．Sir Tim has built two schools recently
B．the Internet is harmful to the people's health
C．Sir Tim hopes everyone can use the Internet for free
D．the Internet develops slowly in the developing countries
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了互联网的快速发展所带来的一些问题。

1．D 考查细节理解。

根据第二段第一句“He espe cially warns of false information being easily spread around the Internet”可知，他认为虚假的信息在网络上流传是尤其严重的问题，故选D。

2．C 考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“It's easy for anybody to edit the open source.However, some people have pointed out that it has been used to spread false materials”可知，任何人都可以轻易编辑这些传记，因此虚假信息很容易被传播，故选C。

3．B 考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content”可知，这个联合倡议的目的是提高网上内容的可信度，故选B。

4．C 考查推理判断。

根据“Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody”可知，Sir Tim希望每一个人都能免费上网，故选C。

二、单项选择。

1.As its economy is maturing, China’s _______ a greater role in critical issues like climate and development.
A. defining
B. assuming
C. guaranteeing
D.
assuring
【答案】B
2.The mayor _______ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.
A. rewarded
B. awarded
C. credited
D. prized
【答案】B
【解析】句意：因为他在援救地震受害者中的英雄事迹，市长授予那位警官一枚荣誉奖章。

award意为“奖励”，符合题意。

reward奖励，一般指报答某人；credit相信；
prize奖品，奖赏，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。

3.To my joy, I have _______ my parents to allow me to travel abroad alone in the coming summer holidays.
A. convinced
B. reminded
C. arranged
D. required 【答案】A
【解析】句意：让我开心的是，我已经说服我的父母同意我在即将到来的暑假里一个人出国旅游了。

convince使确信，说服；remind提醒；arrange安排；require需要，
要求。

convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事，这里指说服父母。

4.They’re expecting contributions from the charity dinner to _______ thousands.
A. look into
B. break into
C. run into
D. slip into
【答案】C
【解析】look into调查；break into破门而入；run into撞上；slip into不知不觉中陷入。

句意：他们预期在慈善晚宴上的筹得的捐款数额将达到数千元。

5.Do you know why John didn’t _______ at the party yesterday evening?
A. show off
B. show around
C. show up
D. show in
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你知道昨晚约翰为什么没有来参加聚会吗？show up在此表示“出现，露面”。

show off炫耀；show sb. around带领某人参观……；show in领进来。

6.The boy, though afraid of being blamed, _______ courage and asked Mrs. Brook how come she thought his behavior unacceptable.
A. kept up
B. picked up
C. stepped up
D. turned up
【答案】B
【解析】pick up恢复……的精神，振作(精神)，鼓起(勇气)，捡起，获得，收拾，不费力地学会；keep up保持，继续，不低落，不落后；step up加紧，加快，增加；
turn up出现，发生，开大，发现，卷起，使仰卧。

句意：尽管担心被责备，这
个男孩还是鼓起勇气问布莱克夫人为什么她认为他的行为不能接受。

7.Their _______ that their project under way was something entirely new proved to be untrue.
A. multiplication
B. emotion
C. assumption
D. emission
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词。

multiplication乘法，增加；emotion情感，情绪；assumption想当然(认为)，假定；session一段时间。

句意：他们想当然认为他们正在进行的课
题是崭新的，事实证明不是那样。

8.He was given $8000 as a(an) _______ for his bra ve performance in saving the child’s life.
A. attitude
B. altitude
C. award
D. reward
【答案】D
【解析】attitude态度，看法；altitude高度，海拔高度；award奖，奖金，奖学金，往往与一段时间的突出成绩、表现相联系。

reward报酬，奖赏，赏金，酬金，奖金
等，一般与劳动、服务、支持、帮助等相联系。

句意：因为他在拯救那个孩子的
生命过程中的勇敢表现，他得到了8,000美元的奖金。

【解析】strengthen加强。

句意：为了跟他们更好的合作，我们必须加强与他们的关系。

9.The acting is so _______ that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals that he has ever tasted.
A. enthusiastic
B. convinced
C. convincing
D. optimistic
【答案】C
【解析】句意：表演如此让人信服，它让你相信这是他所吃到的最好饭菜。

enthusiastic 热情的，convinced(人的心理感受)确信的；深信的；convincing(事物所具有的
特征)使人信服的， D. optimistic乐观的。

根据翻译故选C。

10.The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as the battery
_______ quickly.
A. shuts up
B. ends up
C. runs out
D. turns out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这位摄影师每天都需要给数码相机充电，因为电池很快就用完了。

run out “用完，用尽”。

11.Mothers who like to _______ their children are always talking about the progress their kids have made.
A. take off
B. turn off
C. cut off
D. show off
【答案】D
12.There were so many people in the hall then that I could hardly _______ my sister.
A. bring out
B. turn out
C. pick out
D. call out
【答案】C
【解析】bring out使……显露；turn out结果是；pick out辨认；call out大声叫喊。

句意：当时大厅里有那么多的人，我几乎分辩不出谁是我的妹妹了。

13.We express the hope that a climate beneficial to a negotiated settlement would be created soon, _______ there may no longer be the need for the armed struggle.
A. in case
B. even though
C. so that
D. as long as
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们表达了希望创造一种有利于通过谈判来解决问题的氛围的愿望，这样我们就不再需要进行武装斗争了。

in case以防，万一；even though即使；so that
以便(引导结果状语从句)；as long as只要。

14.He is said _______ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.
A. to have been badly treated
B. treating badly
C. being badly treated
D. to be treated badly
【答案】A
【解析】句意：据说昨天他在超市购物时服务员对他的态度不好。

这里是固定句式it is said to do，根据语境这里说的是昨天的事情，是在事情发生后人们又说的，故用不定式的完成式，又因为主语he与treat之间是被动关系，故选A。

15.I _______ my close friend three times today but her line was always busy.
A. have phoned
B. had phoned
C. was phoning
D. have been phoning
【答案】A
【解析】表示做某事做过几次应该和完成时态连用，可知此处用现在完成时。

故选A。

句意：我今天给我的好朋友打了三次电话，但是一直占线。

16.—I have got a headache.
—No wonder. You _______ in front of the computer too long.
A. work
B. are working
C. worked
D. have been working
【答案】D
【解析】现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。

根据所提供的情景“I have got a headache.”可判断出，由于在电脑前
连续工作而造成了头痛，故选C项。

句意：“我头疼。

”“不足为奇。

你在电脑前连
续工作的时间太长啦！”。

17.People _______ financial aid since they lost their homes, jobs and businesses to the storm last month.
A. have been receiving
B. are receiving
C. had received
D. received
【答案】A
三、完形填空。

I lived in Dallas，Texas nearly all my life with my dad，mom and younger brother.We were raised to __1__ others，value education，and get all that we could out of life.My parents always say，“Work __2__ and the world is yours.”They are __3__ without a helpful word of__4__ or a bit of encouragement when life gets__5__.
My parents always __6__ me to go to college.However, when I__7__ at 16 years old that I'd rather get married to a man __8__ go to college，they never stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to.Thankfully，they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and currently __9__ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine.I want to make the world a__10__ place to live in.
Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab
or__11__ class it is that I'm working hardest on for the moment，they tell me how __12__ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to __13__ home to when they get an“A”on a project and I feel incredibly__14__ to have my parents.They never__15__ loving me or believing in me.
Parents are the best gift that God gives me.__16__ their constant love and encouragement，I wouldn't believe I can __17__ the world.My parents __18__ me to always fight for what I __19__ in.So I'm working toward something really great and can only hope I__20__ to make them proud.
1．A.inspire B．respect
C．guide D．follow
2．A.hard B．solidly
C．attentively D．intelligently
3．A.sometimes B．anytime
C．ever D．never
4．A.method B．advice
C．education D．introduction
5．A.tough B．smooth
C．bright D．happy
6．A.reminded B．supposed
C．designed D．expected
7．A.decided B．hesitated
C．judged D．remembered
8．A.but B．and
C．than D．while
9．A.joined B．attended
C．served D．admitted
10．fortable B．suitable
C．peaceful D．better
11．A.whenever B．whichever
C．wherever D．however
12．A.ashamed B．nervous
C．proud D．modest
13．A.go B．run
C．return D．call
14．A.blessed B．annoyed
C．praised D．relaxed
15．A.stopped B．helped
C．blamed D．prevented
16．A.With B．Without
C．Under D．Beneath
17．A.change B．destroy
C．conquer D．challenge
18．A.forced B．ordered
C．allowed D．taught
19．A.enjoy B．work
C．believe D．live
20．A.want B．wish
C．have D．continue
【解题导语】爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和“我”住在达拉斯，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视教育，他们的爱和鼓励对“我”意义重大。

1．B 根据全文内容可知，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视教育。

respect意为“尊敬，尊重”，符合语境。

2．A 父母总是教育我们：“努力工作，世界就是你们的。

”故选A。

3．D 当生活变得艰难时，父母总会给我们有益的建议或一些鼓励。

never without为双重否定，表示肯定的意思。

4．B 参见上题解析。

a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建议”。

5．A 参见3题解析。

tough“艰难的，艰苦的”。

6．D 根据该段中的“Thankfully, they persuaded me”可知，父母一直期望“我”上大学并最终说服了“我”。

expect“期望，期待”。

7．A 根据下文父母对“我”的劝说可知，16岁时“我”决定(decided)结婚而不是上大学。

8．C 16岁时“我”决定结婚而不是上大学。

would rather...than...为固定用法，表示“宁愿……而不愿……”。

9．B 根据文中的“they persuaded me.I graduated from high school
and...medicine”可知，“我”高中毕业后上了一所大学。

attend意为“经常去，定期去(学校、教堂等)”。

10．D 根据文中的“the University of Oklahoma studying medicine”可知，“我”主修医学，想让这个世界成为更好的(better)可供人们生活的地方。

11．B 每次当“我”打电话告诉他们“我”在实验室里的成绩或是“我”当时正努力学习的任何一门课程时，他们会告诉“我”他们以“我”为傲。

whichever class意为“无论哪一门课”。

12．C 父母以“我”取得的成绩而自豪。

be proud of为固定用法，意为“以……自豪”。

13．D “我”知道有的大学生在得到一个“A”时，因没家人所以无法打电话回家。

故选D。

14．A 和那些得了“A”却没有家人可告知的同学相比，“我”有这样的父母是非常有福的。

blessed意义“有福的”。

15．A 父母从不停止对“我”的爱，从不停止对“我”的信赖。

stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。

16．B 没有(Without)父母持续不断的爱和鼓励，“我”不可能相信“我”能改变世界。

17．A 参见上题解析。

故选A。

18．D 父母一直教育(taught)“我”去为“我”认为对的事而奋斗。

19．C 参见上题解析。

believe in sth.“认为某事好(或对、可接受)”，符合语境。

20．D “我”会继续努力，希望父母继续为“我”感到自豪。

continue to do sth.表示“继续做某事”，为固定用法。

四、七选五。

The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed
a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A. It all depends on your character.
B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.
E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，作者讲的是有关冒险的科学的探索方面的内容。

1.F 【解析】选项F中的＂weigh risks and rewards＂与上文的＂weigh the risk and the
reward＂相呼应，故F项符合语境。

2.C 【解析】选项C中的＂Being better at those things＂与上文的＂were better at
hunting, fighting, or exploring＂相呼应，因此选C。

3.A 【解析】前文说人们有各种不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车，或者讨厌赛车，故A
项＂这完全是由你的性格决定的＂符合语境。

4.E 【解析】根据上文的＂your willingness...teenage years＂及下文的＂hunger for
new experiences...＂可知E项符合语境。

5.G 【解析】根据空后的＂For the risk-seekers...becomes active＂可知，此处讲的
是面对紧张的局面时我们的大脑会有不同的反应，故G项符合语境。

11。