(复习指导)选修六Unit3 Ahealthylife含解析

Unit 3 A healthy life
必备知识·盘点夯基
BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
写准记牢语境运用
核心单词1．__abuse__n．& v t．滥用；虐待
2．__ban__v t．禁止；取缔
n．禁令；谴责
3．__due__adj．欠款的；预定的；到期的
4．__tough__adj．困难的；强硬的
5．__quit__v t．停止(做某事)；离开
6．__cigarette__n．香烟；纸烟
7．__accustom__ v t．使习惯于
8．__accustomed__adj．惯常的；习惯了
的
9．__unfit__adj．不健康的；不合适的；
不合格的
10．__desperate__adj．绝望的；拼命的
11．__lung__n．肺
12．__packet__小包；小盒
1．With the debt problem worsening, it is
going to be a __tough__ (艰难的) test for
EU to help Greece out of trouble．
2．The paper is __due__ (到期的) next
month, and I am working seven days a
week, often long into the night．
3．Having __abused__ (abuse) his position
as mayor to give jobs to his friends,
Williams is now under investigation．
4．The man had so little education that he
was __unfit__(fit) for this job．
5．Many foreigners have been
__accustomed__ (accustom) to using
chopsticks at the dinner table after living in
China for a long time．
6．He started a campaign __to ban__ (ban)
smoking in public places．
局促不安；使困窘→__embarrassment__ n．窘迫；难堪
11．__addicted__ adj．入了迷的；上了瘾的→__addiction__n．沉溺；嗜好→__addictive__adj．使人上瘾的→__addict__ v t．使上瘾n．有瘾的人12．__effect__ n．结果；效力；影响→__effective__ adj．有效的；有影响的→__affect__v t．影响
13．__stress__ n．压力；重音v t．加压力于；使紧张→__stressful__ adj．产生压力的；紧张的→__stressed__ adj．焦虑不安的
14．__shame__ n．羞耻；羞愧→__shameful__adj．可耻的；不道德的→__shameless__adj．无耻的；厚颜的→__ashamed__adj．感到惭愧或羞耻的negative __effects__ on a person's character．However, they are not always __effective__．(effect)
10．It is natural that you will feel __embarrassed__ when an __embarrassing__ thing happens．(embarrass)
联想积累：
1．否定前缀un-高频形容词一览
①unfit 不合适的
②unfair 不公平的
③unusual 不寻常的
④unfriendly 不友好的
⑤unfortunate 不幸的
⑥uncomfortable 不舒服的
⑦unimportant 不重要的
⑧uncertain 不确定的
2．-en后缀高频动词集锦
①weaken 削弱
②shorten 缩短
③lessen 减少
④sharpen 削尖
⑤broaden 加宽
⑥lighten 减轻
⑦threaten 恐吓
⑧frighten 使惊吓
3．四个短语让人“着迷”
(1)be addicted to 对……上瘾
(2)be keen on 热衷于
(3)be crazy about 对……着迷
(4)be fascinated with/by
对……着迷
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
写准记牢
语境运用
1．__due to__由于……
2．__addicted to__对……有瘾
3．__accustomed to__习惯于……
4．__decide on__对……作出决定
5．__feel like (doing)__想要(做)……
6．__in spite of__不顾；不管
7．__take risks/a risk__冒险
8．__get into__陷入；染上(坏习惯)
9．__at risk__处境危险；遭受危险
10．__manage to do sth．__设法完成某事
11．__have an effect on__对……有影响
12．__throw away__扔掉
语境运用
1．If you keep on ignoring the teacher's advice, you will __get into__ a situation where you fall behind others in all subjects．
2．(2019·天津卷改编)__In spite of__ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances．
3．He doesn't want __to take risks/a risk__ of losing his job, especially since he became the main source of family's income．
4．After careful consideration, I __decided on__ science as my main subject of study．
5．According to the survey, many females are __addicted to__shopping online．
6．Lydia doesn't __feel like__ going abroad．Her parents are old and she wants to take care of them．
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
核心素养·精讲层练
HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN
1．stress n．重压；逼迫；压力；重音；强调重要性vt．加压力于；使紧张；重读
C词汇拓展
stressed adj．焦虑不安的，感到有压力的
stressful adj．产生压力的；压力重的；紧张的
Y用法归纳
(1)under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of．．．在……压力之下
lay/place/put stress on sth．强调某事物
(2)stress the importance of．．．强调……的重要性
C层级训练
夯基—完成句子。

①(朗文高阶)Janet's been __under a lot of stress__ since her mother's illness．
珍妮特自从她母亲生病以来承受了很大压力。

②(牛津高阶)She lays __great stress on__ punctuality．
她十分注重守时。

③(有道词典)Nobody is perfect, especially __under stress__．
人无完人，尤其是在压力之下。

提能—单句写作。

④(2019·北京卷书面表达)Last weekend, we started a campaign with the theme “Working is the most beautiful” and __stressed the importance of working with__ our own hands．
上周末，我们以“工作是最美的”为主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲手劳动的重要性。

2．due adj．欠款的；预定的；到期的
Y用法归纳
(1)be due to do sth．预定做某事
(2)(be) due to sb．应支付/给予/归于某人
(be) due to sth．由于/因为某事
C层级训练
夯基—写出下列句中due to或due的含义。

①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time．
__由于__
②(浙江10月卷)Suddenly another thought went through Kate's mind like an electric shock．An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later．
__预定的__
③The old man said the accident was due to careless driving, so a lot of money was due to be paid by the driver．
__由于；应支付__
④The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books．
__到期的__
提能—一句多译。

⑤多亏了英语老师的帮助，我的英语成绩在班级总是名列前茅。

__Due to my English teacher's help__，my English scores were always at the top of my class．
⑥__It was due to my English teacher's help that__my English scores were always at the top of my class．(强调句型)
3．addicted adj．入了迷的；上了瘾的
C词汇拓展
addict v t．使沉溺；使上瘾n．有瘾的人
addiction n．癖好
Y用法归纳
(1)be/become/get addicted to(doing)sth．沉溺于(做)某事
(2)addict oneself to (doing)sth．沉溺于(做)某事
a work addict 工作狂
W温馨提示
不管是动词addict还是形容词addicted或名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”都
和介词to连用。

C层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。

①(牛津高阶)He is now fighting his __addiction__(addict) to alcohol．
②(广东卷)The smarter a child is, the less likely he gets __addicted__(addict) to TV．
提能—单句写作。

③(重庆高考书面表达)就我个人而言，迷恋于玩手机是不明智的，因为我们有可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。

As far as I'm concerned, __it's not wise for us to be addicted to playing with smart phones__ because we may ignore other important things in life．
4．accustomed adj．经常的；惯常的；习惯了的
C词汇拓展
accustom v t．使习惯于
Y用法归纳
(1)be accustomed to(doing)sth．习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)
get/become accustomed to(doing)sth．习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)
(2)accustom sb．/oneself to(doing)sth．使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
C层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。

①As we all know, English people are accustomed to__driving__(drive) on the left．
②__Accustomed__(accustom) to living in the countryside, Mr．King found it hard to live in the city．
提能—一句多译。

我习惯于在冬天的每个晚上喝一杯热茶，这样我就会觉得又有精神了。

③__I am accustomed to drinking__a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, and I feel refreshed again．
④I__accustom myself to drinking__a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, and I feel refreshed again．
⑤__Accustomed to drinking__a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, I feel refreshed again．(分词作状语)
5．effect n．结果；效力；影响
C词汇拓展
effective adj．有效的；有影响的
affect v t．影响
Y用法归纳
have an effect on/upon．．．对……产生影响
come/go into effect 生效
bring/carry/put．．．into effect实施；使……生效/起作用
C层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。

①(2019·北京卷)Individual talent will have positive effects __on__ team performance when task interdependence is lower．
②It won't be easy to put the changes __into__effect，so we must spare no effort to do it．
③One of the most __effective__ (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust．
提能—单句写作。

④(2018·北京卷书面表达)I introduced the history of tea-making, __which has a great effect on them__ to help better understand our tea-drinking culture．
我介绍了制茶的历史，这对帮助他们更好地理解我们的饮茶文化有很大的影响。

6．ashamed adj．感到惭愧或羞耻的
C词汇拓展
shame n．羞愧
shameful adj．可耻的；不道德的
Y用法归纳
(1)be ashamed to do．．．耻于做……；因难为情而不愿做……
feel/be ashamed of (doing)sth．为(做)某事感到羞愧
(2)It's a shame that．．．/What a shame that．．．
……真让人遗憾。

C层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。

①He felt ashamed __of__ cheating in the exam，determined never to do such things again．
②__It__ is a shame that a good student should do something like that．
③It is __ shameful__ (shame) to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress．
夯基—单句改错。

④I am ashamed of me for losing my temper over a silly reason and for calling you names．
__me→myself__
提能—单句写作。

⑤Having read about the above common complaint from so many mothers, __I feel ashamed and guilty__．
读了上面如此多的妈妈们的抱怨，我感到羞愧和内疚。

7．take risks/a risk冒险
(1)at risk 有风险；处境危险
at the risk of．．．冒着……的危险
run the risk (of doing sth．) 冒险(做某事)
put．．．at risk 让……处于危险之中
(2)risk doing sth．冒险做某事
夯基—单句语法填空。

①(全国卷Ⅲ)They were more likely to break the speed limit and be __at__ the risk of getting fined．
②You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk __of__ dying early by running．
③He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk __losing__ (lose) the good opportunity．
提能—单句写作。

④(江苏卷书面表达)Not only does the traffic issue affect our daily life，but it also __puts people's lives at risk__．
交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。

8．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have．
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。

句中的do用来表示强调。

as long and healthy a life as是“as＋adj．＋a/an＋单词可数名词＋as．．．”结构。

G归纳拓展
(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但必须符合以下条件：
①句子为肯定句。

②句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。

③只能用来强调谓语动词，若强调主语、宾语、状语等，则应用It is/was．．．that/who．．．进行强调。

(2)句中使用了一个比较结构：so/as＋adj．＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as，意为“和……一样……”。

C层级训练
夯基—单句语法填空。

①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I __do__ sincerely hope that you can take my application into account at your earliest convenience．
②To our joy, he __did__ manage to finish the task ahead of schedule．
③We wanted him to have __as__ full a life as possible，not different from what we want for our other two sons．
④As a matter of fact, I can't afford as expensive a car __as__ this one．
提能—单句写作。

⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Playing ping-pong is __as popular an activity as__playing football in our campus．
在我们校园里，打乒乓球和踢足球一样受欢迎。

高效演练·素能提升
GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．It's quite hot today．Do you feel like __going__(go) for a swim?
2．It is unbelievable that Mr．Lucas leads a simple life __despite__his great wealth．
3．—They are quiet, aren't they?
—Yes．They are accustomed to not __talking__(talk) at meals．
4．Lydia doesn't feel like __studying__(study) abroad．Her parents are old．
5．The two girls are so alike that strangers find __it__difficult to tell one from the other．
6．—Who knocked at the door?
—I've no idea．I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn't ask who __it__ was．
7．The leader __strengthened__(strength) his basketball team by bringing in several young players．
8．After the earthquake, the soldiers took the risk of __being injured__(injure) by the falling stones to save the villagers．
9．The new survey shows that the number of students __addicted__(addict) to computer games has been on the increase in recent years．
10．It's not what we do once in a while __that__ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently．11．Wherever he is, he makes __it__ a rule to give his mother a call every day．
12．The young man risked __being knocked__ (knock) down to take the child on the busy road to safety．
13．Things can easily go wrong when people are __under__ stress．
14．In spite of __what__ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem．
15．My passport is due __to__ expire．
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．Fathers have an enormous effect to their children's personalities and chances of marital happiness．
__to→on__
2．If a person is in the desert and has no water with him, he will get desperately．
__desperately→desperate__
3．After seeing your ad, I think your six-week English course is very fit to me．
__to→for__
4．When he was abroad, he began to take drugs and became addicting to drugs．
__addicting→addicted__
5．Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those toughly times．
__toughly→tough__
6．Accustomed to get up early, it was not difficult for him to adjust to the new schedule．
__get→getting__
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．我们想让他尽可能过着充实的生活，使我们高兴的是，他确实过得充实。

(as＋adj．＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as．．．，强调谓语动词)
__We wanted him to live as full a life as possible，and to our joy，he did live fruitfully．__ 2．他沉迷于看小说，没有注意到有人已经进入了厨房。

(分词短语作状语；addicted)
__Addicted to reading the novel，he didn't notice that someone had entered the kitchen．__ 3．因为现代生活的快节奏，很多人都生活在巨大的压力之下。

(due to；stress)
__Due to the fast rhythm of modern life，a number of people are living under great stress．__ 4．是回忆我们一起度过的那些美好时光的时候了。

(it's time to．．．)
__It's time to recall those beautiful days we spent together．__
5．如果年轻人每天听非常嘈杂的音乐，他们可能会耳聋。

(risk；expose)
__Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day．__ Ⅳ．语篇填空
It's easy for you to start smoking, but once you become __1．addicted__ (addict) to it, you may find __2．it__ difficult for you to quit．Firstly, you may become __3．physically__(physical) addicted to nicotine, one of the hundreds of harmful chemicals that exist in cigarettes．__4．Secondly __ (second), you may develop the habit of smoking and finally become mentally addicted to it．You may believe that you will only feel good when you smoke and may find all __5．kinds__ (kind) of negative emotions in you when you stop smoking．Smoking may have all kinds of harmful effects on the health of both the smokers themselves and non-smokers around them．It not only __6．affects__ (affect) your physical fitness, but also does harm __7．to__ your heart and lungs and causes __8．a__ variety of diseases．Being a smoker, the offensive smell __9．and__ appearance of you may drive people around you away．So, it's important that one should quit __10．smoking__ (smoke) and live a healthier life．Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
由于各种原因，你校的许多同学养成了熬夜的习惯，熬夜会对健康造成很大的危害。

请你以“The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late”为题，写一篇英语短文，给你校英文报投稿，以使熬夜的同学认识到熬夜的危害并改掉这一不良习惯。

补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①由于各种原因，许多学生养成了熬夜的习惯。

For various reasons，many students __have got into the habit of staying up late __．
②熬夜是个坏习惯，对健康有很坏的影响。

Staying up late is a bad habit，__which will have bad effects on our health__．
③熬夜不仅导致缺乏精力而且使我们头疼并无法在课上专心致志。

It will not only __lead to a lack of energy__but also cause us to suffer from headaches and be unable to concentrate on our lessons．
④长期熬夜会减弱记忆，并对视力和肝脏有害。

Long-time staying up late will __weaken our memory__，and do harm to eyesight as well as
liver．
⑤习惯熬夜的人更有可能会患有其他疾病。

__Those who are accustomed to staying up late are more likely to suffer from other diseases．__
⑥是我们停止熬夜并采用健康的生活方式的时候了。

__It is high time that we should adopt/adopted a healthy lifestyle and quitted/gave up staying up late．__
升级平淡句
利用定语从句升级句①
__There are various reasons why many students have got into the habit of staying up late．__ 衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：actually，additionally，therefore，to begin with，what's worse等)
The Harmful Effects of Staying Up late
__There are various reasons why many students have got into the habit of staying up late．Actually，staying up late is a bad habit, which will have bad effects on our health．To begin with, it will not only lead to a lack of energy but also cause us to suffer from headaches and be unable to concentrate on our lessons．Additionally, long-time staying up late will weaken our memory, and do harm to eyesight as well as liver．What's worse, those who are accustomed to staying up late are more likely to suffer from other diseases．
Therefore，it is high time that we should adopt/adopted a healthy lifestyle and quitted/gave up staying up late．__。