电大本科英语

交际用语
A. -- Are you close to your uncle and aunt?
（Not particularly）
B. -- Bruce was killed in a traffic accident.
-- ( Is that so) ?I talked with him yesterday morning!
C．-- Could you tell me where Mr. Lake is?
（At the office ）
D. -- Do you think our basketball players played very well yesterday?
（They couldn't have done better ）D. —Do you think the exam will be put off?
(Not likely)
D. – (I like your new hair style), did you do it yourself?.
D. -- Don't forget to phone me when you get home. Just to let me know you've arrived safely.
-- I won't forget. Good-bye then.
-- ( Have a nice trip )
E. — Excuse me, would you lend me your calculator?
（Certainly. Here you are）
I'm glad you like it. My sister did it for me.
H.—Hello, Sally. How‘s everythi ng? （Just so-so）
H. -- Have you heard that Susan has been appointed director of the Engineering Department?
-- After working so hard for so many years,
_（she certainly deserves it ）
H. -- How did you enjoy the concert last night?
-- （What a disappointment ）! My favorite singer lost her voice and didn't even make an appearance.
H. -- Have a nice weekend! （The same to you ）
H．-- Hello, could I speak to Don please?
（Who’s speaking?）
H. — Hello, could I speak to Don please?
(Who’s speaking?)
I -- I'm interested in that chair. How much do you want for it?
- $25.00.
-- (That's too much ).I'll give you $15.00.
-- No, that's not enough.
I -- I think I'm coming down with a bad cold.
-- (Then you'd better see a doctor).
I. -- I'm sorry to hear that your mother is ill in hospital.
-- _ (It's very kind of you).
I --(You'd better have some coffee.) It will help you a lot.
-- That's a good idea. Let's make some. I. -- I'm so tired, working all morning on the farm.
-- Why not take a rest, then? --( Maybe I should )
I. -- I'm sorry I broke your mirror.
-- Oh, really? _(It doesn't matter)
I. -- If I were you, I would tell her frankly.
--(I will think about it)
I. -- I was so sure that our experiment was
going to succeed, but something went wrong at
the last moment.
--,（I'm sorry to hear that ）but don't
give it up.
I. -- Is that Mike speaking?
-- Yes. （Who's that）?
I. -- I'm afraid robots will replace man in
almost all the fields of society one day.
（I'm sorry, but I can't agree with
you ）
I. -- I'm sorry, but I can't hear you clearly.
-- I say the meeting has been put off till
tomorrow. Can you hear me?
-- Yes,（I know ）
I. — I think the Internet is very helpful.
(Yes, so do I)
I. -- I know it's getting late, but this problem
will be over in 10 minutes.
OK.（But turn it down）It may trouble
your neighbors.
I. -- I've got your invitation.
-- Oh, good. （Can you come?）
I. -- I'll be away on a business trip. Would you
mind looking after my cat?
（I'd be happy to）
I. —I don‘t like the spots programs on
Sundays.
（Neither do I）
I. —In my opinion, you‘d better take a couple
of days off.
(I’ll take your advice)
L. —Let‘s take a walk.
(Yes, let’s)
M. -- My daughter has passed the exam.
-- Congratulations! She's really intelligent.
--( Oh, thank you! )
M. -- My children are always arguing.
(Just ignore them.)
M. -- My computer doesn't work. Can you
repair it for me?
-- _（OK, I'11 try ）
M. -- May I help you, madam?
（Yes, I’d like 2 kilos of oranges）
M. — Must we hand in our homework now?
(No, you needn‘t)
N -- （Can I help you）?
-- No, thanks. I'm just looking around. I'll let
you know if I want anything.
N. -- （Didn't you buy a ticket）？
-- No, I didn't know I had to buy one.
N. —Nice weather, isn‘t it?
（Yes, it is）
T. -- Thank you so much for the lovely evening,
Jim. Frank and I had such a good time.
-- You're quite welcome, John. ( Thank you
for coming) We'd been looking forward to
seeing you.
T. -- Try this yellow shirt.
-- ( But I don't like the color)
-- How about the red one?
-- That's OK.
W -- Waiter!（Yes, sir?）
-- I can't eat this. It's too salty.
W. -- What's going on?
-- (The Times Theatre is on fire).
W. -- What do you think of that tea set as a
gift for Mary's birthday?
-- _( Not bad) , but I don't particularly
care for the design.
W. -- Were you late for yesterday's
conference?
-- No. Fortunately, I （was able to ）
catch the last bus to the place.
W. -- Why didn't you make a phone call to
tell me about it yesterday?
-- （.I ought to have told you）, but I
forgot all about it after a meal.
W. -- We've got to do something about
pollution. It's getting worse.
（Yes, it certainly is）
W. -- Why didn't you tell Anna the truth?
-- （But I did）
W. —What‘s the problem, Harry?
（Thank you for asking me about it）
W. — What kind of TV program do you like
best?
（It’s hard to say, actually）
W．--What would you like, tea or coffee?
（Coffee, please）
W. --What about going for a walk?
（Why not? A good idea）
W. — What subjects are you studying?
(I’m studying philosophy)
W. —Which language do you speak at
home?
(English, most of the time)
W. — Would you mind if I open the window
for a better view?
(Of course not)
W ----Well, Mary, how are you?
（I'm fine）
W ---- What about going for a walk?
(Why not? A good idea)
W ----What is the problem, Harry?
(I can't remember where I left my
glasses)
W----Would you like to have dinner with us
this evening?
(Sorry, but this evening I have to go to
the airport to meet my parents)
W ----Would you like to see the menu?
(No, thanks. I already know what to
order)
W ----Will you go on a picnic with us
tomorrow?
（Sorry,I have an appointment with Dr.
Brown）
Y. -- Your name again, please? _(.I didn't
quite catch you )
-- It's Bell Green.
Y. -- Your notebook?（I threw it into the
waste）
-- My god! How can you do it on what
doesn't belong to you?
Y. -- You couldn't have chosen any gift better
for me.
(I'm glad you like it so much.)
Y. --_(Am I supposed to get over and see
Caroline? )
-- Yes, I think so.
词汇与结构
A .A new hotel _is being built in the
centre of town at the moment.
A . All the team members tried their best. We
lost the game, ( however ).
A. A lecture hall is( one ).where students
attend lectures.
B. Before I got to the cinema, the film_( had
begun ).
B .By the end of this year, I will save
enough money for a holiday.
C. Can I get you a cup of tea? .(That's
very nice of you)
C .Could you please pay me_in.
_advance?
D . Don't worry. There is ( enough ) room for
all your books here.
E Exercise every day for 20 minutes.
F . . ( What ) fine weather it is!
G .Given the high price,but it‘s not
surprising they didn‘t buy it.
H Her parents died when she was very
young, so she was( brought up ). by her
aunt.
( What ). he said is quite right.
H He is the man whose dog bit me.
H .He has written four successful books.
I .If I get the new job, I --- buy a better
car.
I .I stopped to smoke last year.
I .I prefer tea . to coffee.
I .I have_ already __ finished the report.
I .If you go by car, you‘ll get there_ within
_ 40 minutes.
I .I _asked her to marry me and she
agreed.
I I don't suppose he will attend the meeting,
( will he ).？
I I know it isn't important but I can't help
( thinking )about it.
I I think all these are main points ( worthy
of ) much attention.
I I prefer classic music ( to ) pop music.
I I have given (up ) eating meat.
I It happened ( on ) a winter night.
I I'm tired. I(have been ) working very
hard.
I I'm in Greece at the moment. I like the
weather ( here ).
I I am leaving.for New York in three
days‘ time.
I Iprefer the TV (to) the radio.
I I broke my leg when I (was) skiing in
America
I It‘s very convenient living _here.
I I have lived here since 1997
I If he was fitter, he_ would live longer.
I I have spent a lot of time--- working on
this problem.
L. Let me( look into )the case carefully
before I draw a conclusion.
M . Mary forgot (to write) a letter to her mother, so she wrote to her just now.
M . My father (would) take me to work with him when I was a child.
M . The majority of people agree with him. M .My car was being__.repaired _____ when it was stolen
N . Not only I but also Jane and Mary. ( are ) tired of having one examination after another.
N . Next year, I (---)plan to go to Italy O .Of all the stories here, I like this one (least ). It's not interesting at all.
S . Silk ( has been used ). by Chinese for thousands of years now.
S She has lived here there years. (for) S She (keeps) talking when I am watching TV.
S She has brought (up) two children by herself.
S .She likes to spend time_ playing with her grandchildren.
S .She comes from a People‘s Republic of China.
S .She was convicted_ to murder.
T Time is money! We should ( take the place of ) our time.
T They ( watched ) the train until it disappeared in the distance.
T The patient acted on the doctor's ( Advice ) and finally recovered.
T That's all settled. It ( needn't be ) talked about.
T Those cakes look nice.Can I have (one) ?
T The road (was) built last year.
T .The bedroom needs decorating .
T . That place is in the south of the city. T .The policeman was attacked___with _____a knife.
T .The problem is because by pollution.
T .The blue whale is _.the _____largeset animal in the world.
W What's happened to Yom?. ( He's been taken )
W Which do you like better, real movies （or ）cartoons?
I prefer cartoons（to）real movies. W . What a fool I have been! Why （didn't）I think of that before?
W. We must make a difference between (spoken)language and ( written), language.
W When we were having a meeting, the director( was told ) the bad news by telephone.
W We have our office .cleaned every day by a cleaner.
W .When I was a child, we had to wear a uniform for school.
Y . You must explain (to us)how they succeeded (, in) the experiment.
Y . You ( ought ).to lock the door at night. Y .You should to exercise more. Y .You like playing football,don’t you?
完形填空
A study has shown that fitness is the key
to long life, irrepective of body shape _or even
smoking habits. Researchers discovered that
people who exercise live longer than those who
do not_, even if they are overweight and
smoke.
The study found that the least fit of
the 6,000 middle-aged men in the study were
five times more likely to die within six years of
the start of the research than the fittest. This
was true whrther or not . the men had heart
problems, smoked or were overweight.
Scientists concluded that it was better to be fat
and active than skinny and sedentary. Dr Ken
cooper, a fitness expert, said, " You are better
off smoking a packet of cigarettes a day and
exercising regularly than being a non
-smoker and sedentary." Although he adds,
"But don't misunderstand me. I am not
endorsing smoking, I am trying to tell you
how dangerous it is to be sedentary." The
British Government is putting pressure _on_
manufacturers to reduce high levels of sugar in
food and to restrict the hard-sell of junk food to
children in order to improve the nation's health.
But the new study suggests the Government
should encourage more people_to exereised_.
Although intermational travel is usually
an excitting and pleasant experience, travellers
should take steps to ensure that their health
does mot suffer either from their time on the
air or from their time abroad.
Before you go, check with your doctor or
local travel clinic _which_injections are
necessary for the areas you are travelling to .
Allow sufficient time to have these injections
before you leave because they may take
time to become effective. Be sure that the
information on health is up-to-date. Check on
the Internet if you are mot sure.
Don't go to bed late the day before you
fly.
Your body has a natural daily sleep pattern.
It takes time to adjust to a new time zone.
There are many different effects _ of jet lag:
you may not be able to sleep, you may mot
want to eat or you may feel sick and tired. You
may not be able to concentrate for some days
after
you arrive.
There are several things you can do to lessen
the effects of jet lag:
- Do your best to relax during the flight;
- Sleep as much as you can on the flight. Use a
mild sleeping pill if necessary;
- Drink as much water as you can;
- Don't drink alcohol and caffeine;
- Take mild sleeping pills for the first few days
in the new time zone if you need them.
Molly Wilson had been a dancer and a
mother for many years when she deeided to
sail round the world to raise money for
charity.
As a child she had trained as a
ballet dancer, but at 15 she had grown too tall
for classical ballet, so she became a
member of a pop dance team.
She got married , and after she had
children she retired from show business to
bring
Them up. They grew up, and when they
were 18 they left home.
She says, "When I decided to do the
round-the-world race, my husband thought I
was bored because the children dad left home.
He was also worried because1 had mever
sailed before I was not bored, but I had
some people who told me about the race.
They had taken part in it, but they had
only
done one section, say, from New Zealand to
Australia. Iwanted to do the whole ten-month
journey. "
There are advantages and disadvantages
to Both Asian and Western educational
methods. For example, one advantage to
the education in Japan is that students there
learn much more math and science than
American students. They also study more
hours each day than Americans do. The
study is difficult, but it prepares students
for a society that values discipline and
self-control. There is, however, a
disadvantage. Memorization is an important
learning method in Japanese schools, yet
many students say that after an exam, they
forget much of the information that they
have memorized.
The advantage to the education in North
America, on the other hand, is that students
learn to think by themselves. The system
prepares them for a society that values new
ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage.
When students graduate from high school,
they haven‘t memorized as many basic
rules and facts as students in other countries
have
More and more people have to install
burglar alarms in their houses if they want to
get insurance. Insurance companies have
been asking people in certain areas to
install the alarms before they will give them
insurance for the fast year. This is due to
increasing crime in some parts of the country.
This can be a problem for people who are
struggling to make ( 不填) ends meet.
The alarms, which can be very expensive,
need to be installed by an electrician. It is
estimated that 20% of homes have alarms
installed, and that another 20% of people
plan to have them installed but have not
installed them yet . The insurance
companies told people to install
the
alarms on all doors and windows.
Peter Blake is a successful businessman,
but he used to be very poor. He had
nowhere to live and Was working in a
pub when he decided to start his own
business. Peter had always (4) been
interested in plants and flowers, so he
decided to set up a company which cared
for the plants in big offices. At first he
worked on his. own, but soon he took（不填）
two people to help him. The company has
been growing .on for the last ten years.
Peter is now very rich, .but he complains
that now he doesn‘t work with plants but
with a computer every day!
in India means a mixture of all
kinds of vehicles on the road. About 700,000
new cars
have been sold in India in the last twelve
months, and about twice that many used cars
have been traded.
The country's 35 million motorcycles
and scooters make it the world's largest
two-wheel market. But because there are
still big differences had been sold
people's incomes, the roads are full of a
whole variety of over, lots of them not
motorised.
A ride bikes a taxi driver in New
Delhi gives a flavour of a typical Indian-style
traffic with all kinds of vehicle held up in
city streets or in long lines after narrow
country lanes. Cars, lorries and buses back
up behind a cart in by one animal or
another. "India has everything on the roads,"
the taxi driver says. "You have to to pull
for pedestrians, bicycles, carts, cows,
donkeys and even elephants. Three things
watch out to drive here, a horn, brakes and
good luck." Just then we were stopped are
recommended a young boy and his cow.
Given the hazards, it's not surprising
that special ceremonies are held for new
car owners in which
the steering wheel and
the driver are both blessed.
Most workers spend eight hours on the
job a day on .workdays. They work
because they need money for necessities.
They spend about one third of their lives at
work, but hate it. By contrast, some people
actually enjoy work. They spend . extra
hours on the job each week and often take
work home with them. They are called
―workaholics(工作狂)‖ as they are addicted
to their job as other people are . to alcohol.
Workaholics would .rather work
than do anything else and this can be most
important to their life. Workaholics are often
under stress. They can‘t relax and feel
tense. As a result they may easily lose
temper. Their work therefore has serious
impact on their relationships and family life.
Typical workaholics pay little attention to
families. They spend little time with their children and their marriages may end in divorce. Their inability to relax may cause health problems, such as high blood pressure.
There are advantages and disadvantages to Both Asian and Western educational methods. For example, one advantage to the education in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students. They also study more hours each day than Americans . do The study is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and
self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage to the education in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think by themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values new ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven‘t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have .
Jules Verne‘s most famous book is ―Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea‖.
(A ―league‖ is an old word meaning about three miles.) In those days submarines (潜水艇) had not been invented but he describes an underwater ship very like a modern submarine. The captain of the submarine, called Captain Nemo, and his men have many strange adventures and find many strange things . at the bottom of the ocean. He was a very good .story-teller . His characters often did surprising and sometimes impossible things, but they always seemed to be real people.
In another book, ―Around the World in Eighty Days‖, Jules Verne creates Mr. Fogg, the hero, who made a bet that he would travel around the world in eighty days. Nowadays this may seem easy to you, but in those days there were no planes or even cars. Mr. Fogg and his servant traveled in many different ways, even on an elephant at one time! If you want to know their result, you should read the book.
In all his books Jules Verne used his scientific knowledge as well as his imagination in describing future inventions. Sometimes he was wrong, of course, but often the accuracy of his descriptions
is very clever.
Peter Blake is a successful businessman,
but he _ used to be very poor. He had
nowhere to live and was working in a pub
when he decided _ to start his own business.
Peter had always _. been interested in plants
and flowers, _ so he decided to set up a
company which _ cared for the plants in big
offices. At first he worked on his own, but
soon he took _in _ two people to help him.
The company has been growing _（不填）for
the last ten years. Peter is now very rich, but
he complains that now he d oesn‘t work with
plants but with a computer every day!
A survey was carried out last year by
the British Medical Association, an
organisation of doctors. It showed that most
people do not do enough exercise. In 1995,
60% of people are walked more than one mile
a day. Now, that number has fallen_ sharply _
to only 20%.Although more people are
going to the gym, fewer people are walking.
Doctors say we need_to exercise for 20
minutes three times a week.Walking_is an
easy form of exercise that everyone can do. If
you_.walk one mile each day, you will
improve your health very quickly. Doctors say
we need to tackle this problem head_on
and try to make people fitter because not
doing enough exercise is responsible _for _
many of the country‘s health problems. Doctors
suggest you go _for a walk everyday after
dinner.
More and more people have _to install
burglar alarms in their houses if they want to
get insurance . Insurance companies have
been asking _people in certain areas to install
the alarms before they will give them insurance
for the past year. This is_due_to increasing
crime in some parts of the country. This can be
a problem for people _ who _ are struggling to
make.--- ends meet. The alarms, which can
be very expensive,need to be installed by an
electrician.It is_ estimated _that 20% of homes
have alarms installed, and that another 20% of
people plan_to have them installed _ but
have not installed them_yet The insurance
companies told people_to install the alarms
on all doors and windows.
理解1、
Once the king of India fell ill and sent for
his doctor. The doctor came, examined him and
said, ―You will be well again in a few days if
you take bull‘s milk.‖ The king was very
surprised, for he had never heard of a bull that
gave milk. ―How is it possible?‖ he asked.
―Order Gulbo, the scholar, to get it for you. He
can do anything.‖ The doctor was an enemy to
Gulbo, and thought this would be a way of
making him suffer. When the king told Gulbo
what the doctor had said and ordered him to get
bull‘s milk, Gulbo immediately understood
what the doctor was trying to do.
When he got home he sat thinking how to
get out of the difficulties. His daughter,
seeing him worried, asked what was the
matter. On hearing what the king had asked
for, she said, ―Don‘t worry, father, I‘ll help
you.‖
The next day she took some old clothes,
went to the bank of the river near the palace,
and chose a place below the king‘s bedroom
window. In the middle of the night, when
everyone was in bed, she started to do her
washing. She made so much noise that the
king could not sleep. The king got very angry
and set a guard to find out what was the
matter. The soldier found the girl, and led her
to the king. ―Why do you wash your clothes
here at night?‖ asked th e king.
The girl pretended to be afraid and said, ―I
had to wash clothes at night. This afternoon
my father had a baby. I was busy all day
because of that. Then I found there were no
clean clothes for the baby, so I had to come
and wash them now.‖
―What!‖ cried the king, ―Are you trying
to make a fool of me? Who ever heard of a
man having a baby?‖
―Well, if the king himself orders someone
to get bull‘s milk for him, why can‘t a man
have a baby?‖
The king smiled and said, ―You must be
Gulbo‘s daughter. Go and tell your father that
he may keep the bull‘s milk for his baby.‖
1. According to the doctor in the story, the
king’s illness can be cured by drinking
bull’s milk
2. The doctor told the king to ask Gulbo to
find bull’s milk because he hated Gulbo
very much
3. How did Gulbo feel after getting the
king’s order? He was upset
4. Why did Gulbo’s daughter wash clothes
below the king’s bedroom window at night?
Because she wanted the king to notice her.
5. From the dialogue between the king and
the girl, we know that after hearing the
girl’s story, the king understood the girl’s
meaning
理解2、
People all over the world today are
beginning to hear and learn more and more
about the problem of pollution. Pollution is
caused either by man‘s release of completely
new and often artificial (人造的) substances
into the environment, or by releasing greatly
increased amounts of a natural substance (物
质)，such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.
Whatever its underlying reasons, there
is no doubt that much of the pollution caused
could be controlled if only companies,
individuals and governments would make
more efforts. In the home there is an obvious
need to control litter and waste. Food comes
wrapped up three of four times in packages
that all have to be disposed of; drinks are
increasingly sold in bottles or tins which
can‘t be reused. This not only causes a litter
problem, but also is a great waste of
resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper.
Advertising has helped this process by
persuading many of us not only to buy things
we neither want nor need, but also to throw
away much of what we do buy. Pollution and
waste combine to be a problem everyone can
help to solve by cutting out unnecessary
buying, excess use and careless disposal (处
理) of the products we use in our daily lives.
1. The main cause of pollution is _ the
release of artificial or natural substances
into the environment
2. Much of the pollution could be
controlled if only all sides concerned
would make more efforts
3. Food packages, bottles and tins for
drinks can cause both a litter problem and
a waster of resources
4. Which of the following can not help
solving the problem of pollution?
Eating.
5. What does the underlined word “litter”
mean in paragraph 2? bits of waste
things
理解3、
Thousands of years ago, in the middle of
an ocean, miles from the nearest island, an
undersea volcano broke out. The hot liquid
piled higher and higher and spread wider and
wider. In this way, an island rose up in the
sea.
As time went on, hot sun and cool rains
made the rock split and break to pieces. Sea
waves dashed against the rock. In this way,
soil and sand came into being.
Nothing lived on the naked soil. And
then the wind and birds brought plant seeds,
spiders and other little creatures there. Only
plants could grow first. Only they, in sunlight,
could produce food from the minerals of the
soil, water and air. While many animals
landed on the island, they could find no food.
A spider spun its web in vain, because there
were no insects for its web to catch. Insects
couldn‘t stay until there were plants for them
to eat. So plants had to be the pioneer life on
this new island.
1. The passage centers on _ how life began
on a volcano-produced island.
2.According to the passage, the island got
its first soil from its own rock.
3.The word “naked” (in para. 3) could be。