2019-2020学年惠来一中高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年惠来一中高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It’s a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails. No wonder they are glued to their screens. But is it good for them?
There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight. Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. This is a particular concern for children and young people, who spend a higher percentage of time using electronic devices. BBC reporter, Rory Jones, says, “There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens, they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”
But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States. Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social media use were tiny, accounting for less than 1% of a teenager’s wellbeing. Professor Przybylski, director of research, said, “99.75% of a person’s life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.” The research found that family, friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.
So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small. Dr. Max Davie, officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege, calls the study a “small first step”, but he says there are other issues to explore, such as screen time’s interference(干预) with other important activities like sleep, exercise and time with family or friends. Perhaps for now, the “right” amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.
1. What is people’s common belief concerning screen time?
A. Looking at screens does harm to young people.
B. Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.
C. Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.
D. A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.
2. What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institute?
A. Screen time has a great influence on people’s daily activities.
B. The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.
C. There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.
D. Social bonds play a more significant role in people’s wellbeing than social media.
3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A. A science fiction.
B. A science magazine.
C. A research paper.
D. An economics book.
B
My first week working in a restaurant, one of the servers said something that stuck with me: Everyone should work in a restaurant for at least a year. At the time, I didn't get it, but I took the advice to heart and worked in restaurants on and off for the next eight years. Before realizing it, I mastered many important skills, one of which is communication skill.
When I was little, I was so shy that I used to hide behind my mom whenever someone spoke to me. And when I first started in restaurants, I had two personalities: Restaurant Lizzy and Home Lizzy. It was easier to pretend to be a different person while at work, since it was so different from who I actually was. But gradually, the skills I learned working in restaurants helped Home Lizzy come out of her shell in the real world.
When you work in a restaurant, you don't have the luxury of hiding behind your parents to avoid talking to people. I'm still 110% an introvert, but restaurant work helped me communicate. Working in a restaurant not only helped me speak clearly, deliberately and directly but also taught me how to talk about almost everything. Some guests don't want their servers to interact too much with them, and that's fine. But some sit at the bar simply to chat with you. You learn how to judge your guests' level of interest in communicating with you, and how to exit a conversation at the appropriate time.
My restaurant work is something that I'm most proud of and I know I wouldn't be the person I am today without those eight years of experience. If you're still on the fence about working in a restaurant for that long, start with one year. I doubt that you'll look back.
4. What did the writer think of the server's words?
A. Impressive.
B. Ridiculous.
C. Amusing.
D. Logical.
5. What do we infer from Paragraph 2?
A. The writer tried different jobs.
B. The writer became more sociable.
C. The writer used an invented name.
D. The writer had a hard time at work.
6. Which of the following best describes the writer's restaurant work?
A. Boring.
B. Relaxing.
C. Worthwhile.
D. Unchallenging.
7. What message does the writer try to convey in this passage?
A. A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.
B. Things are difficult before they are easy.
C. Communication skills advance your career.
D. Restaurantwork helps to achieve a better self.
C
It is universally acknowledged that renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydropower are all much better for the climate than fossil fuels.It is true for wind and solar. However, the picture for hydropower is more complicated than we think.
A new study by the Environmental Defense Fund analyzed the climate impacts of 1,500 hydropower facilities across the globe. That accounts for about half of hydropower generation worldwide. The researchers looked at whether the facilities behave as a greenhouse gas sink or as a source. To figure this out, they looked into all the different components that help determine a hydropower facility's greenhouse gasemissions (排放).
“There are so many contributors to greenhouse gas emissions from hydropower — but essentially, the majority of greenhouse gas emissions arise from the reservoir (水库) itself, as vegetation and soils are submerged underwater in the dam thatis used for the hydropower generation.” said lissa Ocko, a senior climate scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund and co-author of the study. As the submerged vegetation breaks down, it releases greenhouse gases such as CO2.
“The larger the surface area of the reservoir, the more greenhouse gases are going to be given out from that reservoir. Also, the temperature plays a role as well how warm the reservoir is will affect how much greenhouse gases are produced and given out from the reservoir.” added Ocko.
Through their analysis, Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg, also with the Environmental Defense Fund, discovered that the climate impacts of hydropower cover a complete range. The good news is that some facilities perform just as well as wind and solar. But shockingly, more than 100 facilities are actually worse for the climate than fossil fuels. The study is in the journalEnvironmentalScience and Technology.
This finding doesn't mean we should forget about hydropower. “But we just need to be careful to make sure that we have climate benefits. There are a lot of situations where hydropower can be equal to wind and solar. So it
really depends on the specific facility." said Ocko.
8. How do scientists prove hydropower facilities' effect on the climate?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By conducting experiments.
C. By referring to previous studies.
D. By analyzing causes and effects.
9. What are the main sources of greenhouse gases from hydropower?
A. Vegetation and soils.
B. Heat and sunlight.
C. Pollutants in the reservoir.
D. Components of the generators.
10. What have Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg found?
A The surface area of a reservoir decides the climate.
B. Hydropower often influences the climate in all aspects.
C. Some facilities perform much better than wind and solar.
D. Fossil fuels are worse for the climate than over 100 facilities.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. Scientists urge an end to hydropower.
B. Hydropower is not necessarily green.
C. Hydropower is worse than fossil fuels.
D. Renewable energy is a complicated issue.
D
While the arts can' t stop the COVID-19 virus or the social unrest we see in the world today, they can give us insight into the choices we make when moving through crises and chaos. The arts invite everyone to think in new ways.
We often experience works of art as something that's pleasing to our senses without a full understanding of the creative effort. Great art often shows us contradictions and crises, and we can learn a great deal from their resolutions(解决). Through our understanding of art, we can gain a deeper understanding of how we might overcome our own challenges. In understanding extremes of contrast, we can see the beauty in art with themes that are not simply pleasing for their magnificent features or qualities.
Beethoven offers a wonderful example of moving artfully through crises and chaos. He composed his Symphony No. 9 as his hearing loss became more and more pronounced. The opening of the symphony seems to come out of nowhere, from near silence in the opening to a full expression of what many consider to be the joy of freedom and universal brotherhood with Schiller’s Ode to joy（欢乐颂). Beethoven appears to have created a work
of art that not only freed him from his personal struggles, but one that also speaks to the joy of living together in peace and harmony.
Have a dialogue between the two opposing parts and you will find that they always start out fighting each other until we come to an appreciation of difference—a oneness of the two opposingforces.The arts offer many lessons that can help us gain the knowledge we need to move more confidently in today’ s competitive and uncertain environment. An openness to arts-based solutions will give you more control over your future.
12. What value does art have beyond pleasing people's senses?
A. It brings people inner peace.
B. It contributes to problem-solving.
C. It reduces the possibility of crises.
D. It deepens understanding of music.
13. What can we learn about Beethoven's Symphony No. 9?
A. It celebrates freedom and unity.
B. It aims to show crises and chaos.
C. It opens with Schiller's Ode to Joy.
D. It is unfinished due to his hearing loss.
14. What is the author's suggestion on dealing with conflicting forces?
A. Leaving things as they are.
B. Making a choice between them.
C. Separating them from each other.
D. Engaging them in a conversation.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How COVID-19 changes art
B. Essentials of Symphony No. 9
C. Moving artfully through crises
D. Joy in the eyes of Beethoven
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Homework
Do maths problems 15 through 25. State thedifferent forms of the verbs on page 50 of your French workbook.
Read pages 12 through 20 of the Shakespeare play, and don’t forget to fill in the missing chemical symbols on the worksheet.
Sound like a list of your homework for the next few nights — or maybe even just for tonight?___16___It’s your teachers’ way of evaluating how much you understand what’s going on in class. And it helps strengthen important concepts. Here are some tips on how to do your homework.
___17___It’s inviting to start with the easy things to get them out of the way. However, you’ll have the most energy and focus when you begin, so it’s best to use this mental power on the subjects that are most challenging. Later, when you’re more tired, you can focus on the simpler things. If you get stuck on a problem, try to figure it out as well as you can — but don’t spend too much time on it because this can mess up your homework schedule for the rest of the night.___18___But don’t pick someone whom you’ll be up all night chatting with, or you’ll never get it done!
Most people’s attention spans aren’t very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people.___19___
Once your homework is done, you can check over it if you have extra time. Be sure to put it safely away in your backpack—there’s nothing worse than having a completed assignment that you can’t find the next morning or that gets ruined by a careless brother or sister.___20___Now you’re free to hang out.
A.Luckily, you can do a few things to do less homework.
B.Homework is a major part of going to school.
C.No one is expected to stay long, and people have very different learning styles.
D.If you need to, ask an adult for help or call or email a classmate for advice.
E.But if you’re really concentrating, wait until it's a good time to stop.
F.And no teacher still believes that “chewed by the dog” line—even when it's true!
G.When you start your homework, deal with the hardest tasks first.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Yesterday I had a walk with a friend in the street. When we were passing by a house, I___21___a BlackBerry cellphone. I picked it up and it still___22___! I started checking the contact list and calling numbers.
I wanted to see___23___I could get some information about the owner of the phone.___24___, only one person answered and she didn't recognize the___25___that I was calling from. In the end, she said,
"It is just so nice that you are trying to___26___whose phone it is."
Since that lady didn't know whose phone it was, my friend___27___me to go back to the street. I___28___We went back to the street and to the house___29___which we had found the BlackBerry cellphone. I___30___the door. Two college students___31___and said they hadn't lost their phones. But when I told them the story and___32___some names on the contact list, one of them said that he___33___had those names so it must be the phone of one of his___34___.
They said it was___35___that I took the time to find the___36___. I really didn't have anything to say because in my mind I was just doing the___37___thing. I never considered___38___the phone—it wasn't mine. I immediately tried to find the owner because that is exactly what I would want___39___to do if any of my family members___40___their phones.
21. A. bought B. dropped C. repaired D. found
22. A. rang B. sang C. worked D. shook
23. A. that B. if C. what D. how
24. A. Probably B. Interestingly C. Finally D. Unluckily
25. A. number B. street C. man D. name
26. A. talk about B. think of C. find out D. care about
27. A. advised B. pushed C. helped D. showed
28. A. laughed B. understood C. argued D. agreed
29. A. at the back of B. in front of C. on the top of D. far away from
30. A. turned to B. looked for C. knocked on D. broke into
31. A. answered B. shouted C. ran D. passed
32. A. spelled B. wrote C. mentioned D. remembered
33. A. sometimes B. also C. hardly D. always
34. A. kids B. parents C. students D. friends
35. A. exciting B. necessary C. wonderful D. impossible
36. A. phone B. information C. buyer D. owner
37. A. important B. right C. strange D. brave
38. A. giving B. borrowing C. mending D. keeping
39. A. them B. him C. someone D. myself
40. A. lost B. described C. needed D. lent
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The World Health Organization (WHO) has decided that the novel corona virus outbreak is considered as an international public health emergency,___41.___(set) off the global action to prevent the spread of the virus. It is the sixth time that WHO___42.___(declare) such an emergency since 2005.
"The declaration is necessary because human-to-human infection has been confirmed in other countries.___43.___virus has now been found in several other Asian nations and reached Australia, the United States and Europe as well”WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, "We would have___44.___(probable) seen many more cases and deaths outside China by now without Chinese government's efforts and the progress they have made___45.___( protect) their own people and the people around the world."
"The speed with which China raced to the outbreak and isolated the virus is very___46.___(impress) and beyond words,The Chinese government is to be congratulated for the extraordinary measures it has taken to control the outbreak despite the negative economic influence those measures are having___47.___the whole Society.In many ways, China is actually setting a new standard for virus outbreak___48.___,(respond), and this is not an exaggeration (夸大),”he add WHO will offer member states a seriesof suggestion___49.___are aimed at controlling the spread of the disease and giving support to____50.____(affect) areas.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The US has fell to the 28th place in the latest report measuring social progress worldwide. The report looks 50 well-being factors, such as access to health care, safe and the environment. It is common acknowledged that the nation ranks the first for its advanced education and quality universities. Therefore, its access to quality basic education only reached No. 91. And although America leads in medical technology, citizens access to quality health care is ranked No. 97. “The data paints an alarmed picture of the state of our nation—we are no longer which we used to be.” said Michael Porter, a Harvard professor.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的外教Lucy对中国庙会很感兴趣，请你给她写封邮件，邀请她本周末一起去逛北京地坛庙会，内容包括：
1.时间地点；
2.庙会活动介绍（看传统艺术，吃传统小吃”）
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给不计入总词数;
4.参考词汇：地坛庙会the Temple of Earth Fair
Dear Lucy,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B
12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
16. B 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F
21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32.
C 33. B 34.
D 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
41. setting
42. has declared
43. The 44. probably
45. to protect
46. impressive
47. on 48. response/respond
49. that/which
50. affected
51.(1).fell→fallen
(2).looks后添加at
(3).safe→safety
(4).common→commonly
(5).去掉first前the
(6).Therefore→However
(7).reached→reaches
(8).citizens→citizens’
(9).alarmed→alarming
(10).which→what
52.略。