Systematic fault analysis 系统的故障分析What is systematic fault
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Systematic fault analysis
系统的故障分析
What is systematic fault analysis? 什麼是系统的故障分析？
Systematic fault analysis is the collection of information and fault-oriented obser-vation to quickly locate and determine a fault.
记下故障开始的时间是很重要的。
4.What is the extent, what is the deviation? 程度怎样，偏差多少？ (Extent? 程度？). 5.Has something been done to clear the fault? 是否设法排除过故障？
6.If yes, what are the effects? 如果是，效果怎样？
RECORDING INFORMATION 记录资料
Points of attention here are: 这里的注意点是：
think carefully about what is recorded; 仔细思考要记录什麼； write clearly and readably; 记录要清楚易读； use short sentences, possibly write in telegram style; 使用短句，可用电文 的形式； give your information as clearly and completely as possible; 尽量清楚和完全地给出信息和资料； name the parts of machines; 写出机器零件的名字； use as little as possible indistinctness, or sentences such as “the machine broke down”, “a shaft broke”, but tell exactly what went wrong or which shaft broke, etc. 尽量少用意思模糊的字句，比如“机器发生故障”，或“一根轴断了”， 而要说出确切是什麼出故障或是哪根轴断裂，等等。 Do not forget: 要牢记： week/day or date, point of time of starting and ending of fault; 故障开始和结束的星期/天或日期、时间； assembly number; machine; 组件号码，机器； to record your own name. 记下你自己的名字。
Wrong 错误: Cause 原因:
rupturing bearers 断裂把手 too heavily loaded 太重的负荷
SEQUENCE OF FAULT APPROphenomenon? 现象是什麼？ (What? 什麼？)
2.Where does the phenomenon arise; on which machine, on which assembly? 现象出现在哪里；哪台机器，哪个装配件？ (Where? 何处？) 3.When is the phenomenon observed? 何时发现此现象？ (When? 何时？) It is important to write down at what time the fault began and when.
机器或设备发生事故并停止运作。
或一台设备偏离了所要求的标准。
A FAULT ALWAYS HAS CONSEQUENCIES 一个故障总会有其后果
PROBLEM 问题 Walkman stops
“随身听”停止工作
CAUSE 原因 Battery exhausted 电池用完
RESULT 结果 No sound 没有声音
一架机器或设备(或装配件)的运作不遵从其特定要求或其它要求。
-
a product or machine deviates from a required standard. 一件产品
a crash takes place with a machine or equipment and it fails.
系统的故障分析的目的是正确判断和最 有效地消除故障。
WHAT IS A FAULT? 什麼是故障？
当以下情况出现时，我们就遇到了问题或故障：
We have a problem or fault when:
-
the operation of a machine or piece of equipment (or an assembly) does not comply with the machine or equipment specification or other requirements.
系统的故障分析是信息资料的收集和以故障为导向的 判断，以便能快速找到和判定故障。
PURPOSE OF SYSTEMATIC FAULT SEARCH
系统的调查故障的目的
The purpose of a systematic fault analysis is the correct diagnosis and the most efficient elimination of the fault.
WHAT? 何物？ WHERE? 何处？ WHEN? 何时？ HOW? 如何？
WHICH? 何者？ WHY? 为何？ THROUGH WHAT? 通过什麼？ WHO? 谁？ FOR HOW LONG? 多久？ HOW MANY? 多少？ WHERE? 何处？ WHAT FOR? etc. etc. 为了什麼？等等
SUMMARY OF SEQUENCE OF APPROACH
处理顺序的总结
1.Fault localisation 确定故障的来源
What? Where? When? Extent? Etc. 等等 什麼？ 何处？ 何时？ 程度？
2.Determine cause 确定原因 3.Plan and execute measures 计划和实行措施 4.Inspection and follow-up 检查和后续工作 5.Record information 记录资料
Several causes 几个原因: too weak bearers, too heavy loads etc. 太脆弱的把手，太重的负荷等等。 Consequences 后果： ruptured bearers, damaged wheelbarrow, foot injuries etc. 断裂的把手，损坏的手推车，脚受伤等等。
系统的故障分析
What is systematic fault analysis? 什麼是系统的故障分析？
Systematic fault analysis is the collection of information and fault-oriented obser-vation to quickly locate and determine a fault.
记下故障开始的时间是很重要的。
4.What is the extent, what is the deviation? 程度怎样，偏差多少？ (Extent? 程度？). 5.Has something been done to clear the fault? 是否设法排除过故障？
6.If yes, what are the effects? 如果是，效果怎样？
RECORDING INFORMATION 记录资料
Points of attention here are: 这里的注意点是：
think carefully about what is recorded; 仔细思考要记录什麼； write clearly and readably; 记录要清楚易读； use short sentences, possibly write in telegram style; 使用短句，可用电文 的形式； give your information as clearly and completely as possible; 尽量清楚和完全地给出信息和资料； name the parts of machines; 写出机器零件的名字； use as little as possible indistinctness, or sentences such as “the machine broke down”, “a shaft broke”, but tell exactly what went wrong or which shaft broke, etc. 尽量少用意思模糊的字句，比如“机器发生故障”，或“一根轴断了”， 而要说出确切是什麼出故障或是哪根轴断裂，等等。 Do not forget: 要牢记： week/day or date, point of time of starting and ending of fault; 故障开始和结束的星期/天或日期、时间； assembly number; machine; 组件号码，机器； to record your own name. 记下你自己的名字。
Wrong 错误: Cause 原因:
rupturing bearers 断裂把手 too heavily loaded 太重的负荷
SEQUENCE OF FAULT APPROphenomenon? 现象是什麼？ (What? 什麼？)
2.Where does the phenomenon arise; on which machine, on which assembly? 现象出现在哪里；哪台机器，哪个装配件？ (Where? 何处？) 3.When is the phenomenon observed? 何时发现此现象？ (When? 何时？) It is important to write down at what time the fault began and when.
机器或设备发生事故并停止运作。
或一台设备偏离了所要求的标准。
A FAULT ALWAYS HAS CONSEQUENCIES 一个故障总会有其后果
PROBLEM 问题 Walkman stops
“随身听”停止工作
CAUSE 原因 Battery exhausted 电池用完
RESULT 结果 No sound 没有声音
一架机器或设备(或装配件)的运作不遵从其特定要求或其它要求。
-
a product or machine deviates from a required standard. 一件产品
a crash takes place with a machine or equipment and it fails.
系统的故障分析的目的是正确判断和最 有效地消除故障。
WHAT IS A FAULT? 什麼是故障？
当以下情况出现时，我们就遇到了问题或故障：
We have a problem or fault when:
-
the operation of a machine or piece of equipment (or an assembly) does not comply with the machine or equipment specification or other requirements.
系统的故障分析是信息资料的收集和以故障为导向的 判断，以便能快速找到和判定故障。
PURPOSE OF SYSTEMATIC FAULT SEARCH
系统的调查故障的目的
The purpose of a systematic fault analysis is the correct diagnosis and the most efficient elimination of the fault.
WHAT? 何物？ WHERE? 何处？ WHEN? 何时？ HOW? 如何？
WHICH? 何者？ WHY? 为何？ THROUGH WHAT? 通过什麼？ WHO? 谁？ FOR HOW LONG? 多久？ HOW MANY? 多少？ WHERE? 何处？ WHAT FOR? etc. etc. 为了什麼？等等
SUMMARY OF SEQUENCE OF APPROACH
处理顺序的总结
1.Fault localisation 确定故障的来源
What? Where? When? Extent? Etc. 等等 什麼？ 何处？ 何时？ 程度？
2.Determine cause 确定原因 3.Plan and execute measures 计划和实行措施 4.Inspection and follow-up 检查和后续工作 5.Record information 记录资料
Several causes 几个原因: too weak bearers, too heavy loads etc. 太脆弱的把手，太重的负荷等等。 Consequences 后果： ruptured bearers, damaged wheelbarrow, foot injuries etc. 断裂的把手，损坏的手推车，脚受伤等等。