阅读技巧---Distinguishing-Fact-From-OpinionPPT课件
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• Examples:
• They were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the timid.
• ---To state the fact that the persons were being peered at from behind curtains.
2021
12
The difficulties in separating fact from opinion
• Mixture of fact and opinion
• When we are reading for information, the first step is to make sure whether the article has presented us facts or opinions and to what extent they are reliable.
• You can find facts in legal records, scientific findings, encyclopedias, atlases（地图集）, etc.
2021
4
What is fact?
• Examples:
• 1. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were going to get married so she could have grandchildren.
2021
6
What is opinion?
• Some words can serve as clues to statements of some kinds of opinion.
• 1. I believe, I think, I feel, I suggest, in my opinion, in my view, it is likely that, seemingly, presumably, one explanation is apparently, may mean, it would seem, estimates, claims, it is apparent that, is considered to be, it appears, calculates, are convinced that, (experts) believe, likely to, predicts
2021
9
What is opinion?
• 4. emotive response (the use of exaggerated, emotional words to describe the writer’s response to something may signal that opinion, not fact, will follow):
• ---thus the sentence is basically factual.
2021
13
Mixture of fact and opinion
• When we have a mixture of fact and opinion in a single statement, we must decide whether the main point of the sentence is essentially fact or opinion. Sometimes an opinion is presented as if it were a fact:
• Therefore, a fact can be proved or disproved with direct evidence.
• Facts, once verified or taken from a reputable source, can be accepted and regarded as reliable information.
2021
11
More Examples
• 1. If iron levels are low, talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying your diet or by taking supplements.
2021
8
What is opinion?
• 3. “qualifier words”, emotive words like:
• best, disgusting, good, great, nice, terrible, the best, beautiful, ugly, the lowest, pretty, the worst, the most…
• the problem is, the solution is, it’s…’s fault, certainly, frankly, obviously.
• Example:
• That’s the way it should be. Oscar Wilde had it right when he said we ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.
• --- the sentence reports how people feel in the final stage.
2021
5
What is opinion?
• Opinions are not reliable sources of information but statements of belief, judgment or feeling and should be questioned and carefully evaluated.
Reading Skills
---Distinguishing Fact From Opinion
2021
1
General idea of “fact” and “opinion”
• Purpose: • Help us to achieve a deeper level of
understanding in our reading. • Facts: • Statements that can be verified--- proven to be
• Examples:
• When we met I saw him as my beloved, intelligent, charming and caring.
• Cape Town is the best city to live in, or Durban is the best city.
• horrified, shocked, humiliated, enraged…
• Example:
• No, it isn’t really music. It’s weird. It is def
2021
10
What is opinion?
• 5. Confident assertions (sounds like proven facts but may actually be opinion):
• ---imperative sentences
• 2. In general, it’s better to undo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet, because iron supplements can have serious shortcomings.
• E.g.: I’m sure that time will only confirm what we feel deeply about each other.
2021
7
What is opinion?
• 2. probably, perhaps, possibly, usually, often, sometimes, on occasion (are used to limit a statement of fact and to indicate the possibility of other opinions)
let readers know that an idea was a fact or an
opinion?
2021
3
What is fact?
• Facts are statements that tell what really happens or what the case is, and they are usually based on direct evidences.
• Example:
• But one thing they’ll always have: our love and devotion.
• ---On the surface it is a statement of fact, but actually it is only a promise, something yet to be realized in the future.
• ---a past state of affairs
• 2. In the third and final stage, people often fell weak, tired, and out of breath--- and exercise performance is severely compromised.
• Opinions involve someone’s taste and preference and show what someone thinks or feels about a subject.
• Opinions can’t be proven to everyone’s satisfaction.
• What evidence did the author include to support statements of fact?
• What hypotheses did the author present in the selection?
• What opinions were revealed in the selection?
• Can (this statement) be proven true or false?
• How did the author convey the validity of the information?
• What words and phrases did the author use to
2021
14
• Make sure to remember that facts are verifiable by someone other than the reader and that opinions express feelings, unsupported beliefs and preferences. Sometimes facts look like opinions and vice versa.
• Examples:
• Maybe our children will have some problems, but whose children don’t?
• It has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the young.
true. • Opinions: • ---statements that describe someone’s judgment,
belief, feeling or way of thinking about a topic.
2021
2
Questions
• What facts were presented in the article?
• They were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the timid.
• ---To state the fact that the persons were being peered at from behind curtains.
2021
12
The difficulties in separating fact from opinion
• Mixture of fact and opinion
• When we are reading for information, the first step is to make sure whether the article has presented us facts or opinions and to what extent they are reliable.
• You can find facts in legal records, scientific findings, encyclopedias, atlases（地图集）, etc.
2021
4
What is fact?
• Examples:
• 1. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were going to get married so she could have grandchildren.
2021
6
What is opinion?
• Some words can serve as clues to statements of some kinds of opinion.
• 1. I believe, I think, I feel, I suggest, in my opinion, in my view, it is likely that, seemingly, presumably, one explanation is apparently, may mean, it would seem, estimates, claims, it is apparent that, is considered to be, it appears, calculates, are convinced that, (experts) believe, likely to, predicts
2021
9
What is opinion?
• 4. emotive response (the use of exaggerated, emotional words to describe the writer’s response to something may signal that opinion, not fact, will follow):
• ---thus the sentence is basically factual.
2021
13
Mixture of fact and opinion
• When we have a mixture of fact and opinion in a single statement, we must decide whether the main point of the sentence is essentially fact or opinion. Sometimes an opinion is presented as if it were a fact:
• Therefore, a fact can be proved or disproved with direct evidence.
• Facts, once verified or taken from a reputable source, can be accepted and regarded as reliable information.
2021
11
More Examples
• 1. If iron levels are low, talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying your diet or by taking supplements.
2021
8
What is opinion?
• 3. “qualifier words”, emotive words like:
• best, disgusting, good, great, nice, terrible, the best, beautiful, ugly, the lowest, pretty, the worst, the most…
• the problem is, the solution is, it’s…’s fault, certainly, frankly, obviously.
• Example:
• That’s the way it should be. Oscar Wilde had it right when he said we ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.
• --- the sentence reports how people feel in the final stage.
2021
5
What is opinion?
• Opinions are not reliable sources of information but statements of belief, judgment or feeling and should be questioned and carefully evaluated.
Reading Skills
---Distinguishing Fact From Opinion
2021
1
General idea of “fact” and “opinion”
• Purpose: • Help us to achieve a deeper level of
understanding in our reading. • Facts: • Statements that can be verified--- proven to be
• Examples:
• When we met I saw him as my beloved, intelligent, charming and caring.
• Cape Town is the best city to live in, or Durban is the best city.
• horrified, shocked, humiliated, enraged…
• Example:
• No, it isn’t really music. It’s weird. It is def
2021
10
What is opinion?
• 5. Confident assertions (sounds like proven facts but may actually be opinion):
• ---imperative sentences
• 2. In general, it’s better to undo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet, because iron supplements can have serious shortcomings.
• E.g.: I’m sure that time will only confirm what we feel deeply about each other.
2021
7
What is opinion?
• 2. probably, perhaps, possibly, usually, often, sometimes, on occasion (are used to limit a statement of fact and to indicate the possibility of other opinions)
let readers know that an idea was a fact or an
opinion?
2021
3
What is fact?
• Facts are statements that tell what really happens or what the case is, and they are usually based on direct evidences.
• Example:
• But one thing they’ll always have: our love and devotion.
• ---On the surface it is a statement of fact, but actually it is only a promise, something yet to be realized in the future.
• ---a past state of affairs
• 2. In the third and final stage, people often fell weak, tired, and out of breath--- and exercise performance is severely compromised.
• Opinions involve someone’s taste and preference and show what someone thinks or feels about a subject.
• Opinions can’t be proven to everyone’s satisfaction.
• What evidence did the author include to support statements of fact?
• What hypotheses did the author present in the selection?
• What opinions were revealed in the selection?
• Can (this statement) be proven true or false?
• How did the author convey the validity of the information?
• What words and phrases did the author use to
2021
14
• Make sure to remember that facts are verifiable by someone other than the reader and that opinions express feelings, unsupported beliefs and preferences. Sometimes facts look like opinions and vice versa.
• Examples:
• Maybe our children will have some problems, but whose children don’t?
• It has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the young.
true. • Opinions: • ---statements that describe someone’s judgment,
belief, feeling or way of thinking about a topic.
2021
2
Questions
• What facts were presented in the article?