(浙江专版)2021秋九年级英语全册unit3语法小专题人教新目标版英语

Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)
语法精讲
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句除that ,if或whether外 ,宾语从句还可以由连接代词或连接副词引导 .这类宾语从句可视为由特殊疑问句转化而来 .变为宾语从句以后 ,语序由原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序 ,即 "疑问词＋主语＋谓语＋其他〞 .此时的连接代词或连接副词有词义 ,并且在宾语从句中充当句子成分 ,不可省略 .
1．由连接代词引导的宾语从句
常用的连接代词有who ,whom ,what ,which ,whose 等 ,它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语等 .如：
I don't know what the boy is looking for.我不知道这个男孩在找什么 .
2．由连接副词引导的宾语从句
常用的连接副词有when ,where ,why ,how等 ,它们在宾语从句中作状语 .如：
I wonder when the tourists left here.我想知道游客们是什么时间离开这里的 .
Mrs.Green didn't know where she would go.格林夫人不知道她要去哪里 .
【注意】含宾语从句的复合句可简化为简单句 .常用的简化宾语从句的方法有：
(1)当主句谓语动词是decide ,hope ,agree ,choose ,wish等 ,且主句和从句的主语相同时 ,从句可简化为 "动词＋动词不定式〞结构 .如：
I hope that I can be back in two days.→I hope to be back in two days.
(2)当宾语从句主句的主语和从句的主语一致 ,并且主句的谓语动词是know ,remember ,forget ,learn 等时；或当主句的谓语动词是ask ,tell ,show ,teach 等 ,宾语从句的主语和间接宾语一致时 ,从句可简化为 "疑问词＋动词不定式〞结构 .如：
She has forgotten how she can open the window.→She has forgotten how to open the windows.
Would you mind telling me what I should do first? →Would you mind telling me what to do first?
(3)当主句的谓语动词是find ,notice ,hear ,see 等时 ,可简化为 "动词＋宾语＋(省去to的)动词不定式/动词－ing形式/动词－ed形式(作宾语补足语)〞 .如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well.→I found it difficult to learn English well.
4．简化为 "名词或名词短语〞 .如：
We can't believe what the boy said.→We can't believe the boy's words.
Could you tell us how we can get to the museum?
→Could you tell us the way to the museum?
语法精练
Ⅰ.用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空 .
1． -Do you know what the young man with long hair is?
-I'm not sure.Maybe an artist.
2． -Could you tell me why Tim came so late this morning?
-Because his bike was broken on the way.
3．Do you know where she put her car? I can't find it around here.
4．-Do you know which country our new classmate comes from?
-Yes ,I do.He is from Germany.
5． -Do you know how your friend goes to school every day?
-By bike.
Ⅱ.按要求完成以下句子 ,每空一词 .
6．Could you please tell me where the library is ?(改为同义句)
Could you please tell me how I can get to the library?
7． "What do you sell online ?〞 I asked the young boy.(合并成宾语从句)
I asked the young boy what he sold online.
8．My sister finds it easy to learn English.(改为同义句)
My sister finds that it's easy to learn English.
9．Often we don't know where we can go on Sundays.(改为同义句)
Often we don't know where to go on Sundays.
10． "When does Jim arrive in Beijing ?〞 she asked me.(合并成宾语从句)
She asked me when Jim arrived in Beijing.
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子 ,每空一词 .
11．我不知道他什么时候会回来 .
I don't know when he will come back．
12．我们想知道他为什么没有做足够的锻炼 .
We want to know why he didn't take enough exercise.
13．你知道他教什么科目吗 ?
Do you know what subject he teaches?
14．我不知道火车为什么晚点了 .
I didn't know why the train was late.
15．你能告诉我从这个地方到博物馆有多远吗 ?
Can you tell me how far it is from this place to the museum?。