2021高三英语语法篇 情态动词 背诵篇

2021 高三英语语法篇（NO.9）
情态动词背诵篇
Focus 1: can/could
1.表“能力”能够
1)While I can’t match you in strength but I can match you in courage.
2)(12全国)I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I can find the
money.
3)(11四川)The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they
can.
4)(11湖南)No one can be compared with matchYao Ming in playing basketball.
在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明
2.表“可以”
1)(09北京)One of the few things you can say about English people with certainty
is that they talk a lot about the weather.
3.表“客观可能性”
1)Anybody can make mistakes.任何人都可能犯错。

2)
3)
4)
固定句型
can’t … too/enough 再…也不为过
1) (12陕西)I can’t thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were
away from home.
2) I can’t thank you enough. 我无论怎么都不为过。

3) You can’t be too careful when you cross the road.
can’t /couldn’t +比较级相当于最高级
1)I can’t agree more
2)It couldn’t be better.
3)(11浙江)——How’s your new babysitter?
——We can’t ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
4)---What do you think of the weather yesterday? --- It couldn’t be any worse.
can /couldn +afford to do
5)How can you afford to share your best seed corn with your neighbors when they
also enter the competition each year?
Focus 2: may/might
1.May I come in? 征求意见
(10四川)—May I take the book out? —I’m afraid not.
2.may/might 也许
(12四川)I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I might do in China.
3.may not/might not“也许不” ,经常与“not sure/not certain”等连用
—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?(11北京)
—Don’t worry. He might not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
4.固定句式may /might as well“还不如”
There is no point arguing with him.
Focus 3: need
➢needn’t = don’t have to 不必要
1)(12全国)I needn’t use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each
morning the train comes by my house.
2)(10湖南)You don’t have to buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
Focus 4: must
1.表“必须”
1)Must I hand in my homework？Yes, you must. No, you needn’t.
2)(10辽宁)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it must be regular
exercise.
3)(09全国II)I can’t leave. She told me that I must stay here until she comes back.
4)(04上海)Children under 12 years of age in that country must be under adu lt’s
supervision when in a public library.
2.mustn’t 表“禁止”
1)(11全国)If you must smoke, please go outside.
2)— Could I have a word with you, mum?
— Oh dear, if you must.(06浙江)
3)(12重庆)----Must you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?
----Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
4)
5)No smoking/spitting/littering/parking
3.表“偏偏硬要”不耐烦的语气
1)(10陕西)----May I take this book out of the reading room?
----No, you mustn’t. You read it in here.
2)(10重庆)You mustn’t park here! It’s an emergency exit.
3)(05全国Ⅰ)Tom, you mustn’t leave all your clothes on the floor like this! Focus 5: will/would
1.表“意愿”
1)Will you please…? Would you like to do….
I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind assistance
in my English learning when I was in New York.
2)(12江苏)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but wouldn’t say
where he was.
3)(11重庆)——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last ni ght?
—— I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night. 2.表“倾向性”
All men will die.
The door won’t open.
Birds will fly to the south in autumn Man will make mistakes. Fish will die without water
3.would表过去的一种习惯。

可译为“过去常常”used to do
1)Those farmers who would move from place to place with their animals in the
past have moved into new houses at last.
2)When I lived with my roommates in the university, we would often talk into the
night
4.说话时的决定（交际）be willing to
—The phone is ringing. —I will answer it.
—Someone is knocking at the door. —I’ll answer it.
Focus 6: shall/should
➢shall
1.一三人称的疑问句中，用来征求别人意见:
1)Shall I come in? 2)Shall he come in or stay outside?
3)Shall the boy have a try?
4)(06北京)—What’s the name?— Khulaifi. Shall I spell that for you?
5)(11福建) -Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
-I am afraid you must, in case he comes late for the meeting.
2.二三人称的陈述句，表强烈的语气：命令,允诺,警告,威胁
1)You shall give me your money or you’ll be killed. 威胁
2)You shall do your homework or you’ll be punished 警告
3)—Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
—You shan’t(shall not) have my computer if you don’t take care of it.允诺
4)(11陕西)--Will you read me a story ,Mummy?
--OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. 允诺
3.法律条文及规定
1)(12辽宁)One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while
at school.
2)-What does the sign over there read? (07四川)
-“No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”➢should
1.按理应当
1)It’s 5 o’clock now. He should be home at any moment.
2)(06江苏)—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
— You should.You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
3)(05上海)There shouldn’t be any difficulty about passing the road test since you
have practised a lot in the driving school.
2.在if 条件句中,表“万一”；如果if省略，则需倒装
1)(09天津)This printer is of good quality. If it should break down within the first
year, we would repair it at our expense.
该款打印机质量好。

若购买后一年内出现故障,我们将保修。

2)Should anyone call, please tell them I’m busy.如果有人打电话,告诉他我正忙.
3)In case you should need any help, here’s my number.
万一你需要帮助,这是我的号码。

3.that 从句中表惊讶的语气,可译为“竟然会”，
1)It’s strange that a gentle man like him should be so rude to a lady.
太奇怪了，他竟然对一位女士这么无礼
2)It’s a surprise that he should fail in the exam.他竟然没有通过考试。

3)I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.
他竟然对你这样无礼，真叫我吃惊。

4)----You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours．
----I am sorry that you should think so.
Focus 7: 推测用法
1.在肯定句中，表示对现在语气非常肯定的推测推测，译为“一定“
1)(10北京)---Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the
Personnel Department.
--Ah, good morning. You must be Mrs. Peters.
2)(09重庆)—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?
—She must be in the classroom. I saw her there just now.
2.在肯定句中，表示对现在语气不太肯定的推测，译为“也许”
1)(04湖北)—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry, I am not sure. But it might be.
2)(05安徽)Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. Focus 3: can/could
3.can’t否定句中表示对现在的否定推测，译为“不可能”
1)(10全国Ⅱ)I’m afraid Mr. Harding can’t see you now. He’s busy.
2)(08浙江)You can’t be hungry already— you had lunch only two hours ago!
3)—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?(04全国)
—No, it can’t be him. I am sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
4.can在疑问句中表推测，译为“可能”。

The light is still on in the office. Who can it be? Can it be Mr Clark？
No, it can’t be him. He’s ill in hospital now. it may be Mr Green.
5.must have done 在肯定句中，表示对过去的推测，表“过去一定”
1)(10安徽)Jack described his father, who must have been a brave boy many years
ago, as a strong– willed man.
2)—Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.(07上海)
—Great! You must have read widely and put a lot of work into it.
3)(05江苏)—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13
years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She must have gone through a lot of difficulties!
6.may/might have done 在肯定句中, 表示对过去的不太肯定的推测，
表“过去也许”
1)—I can’t find my purse anywhere.(08重庆)
—You may have lost it while shopping.
2)—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.(07江西)
—You might have put it in the wrong place.
7.can’t have done/ couldn’t have done否定句中，表对过去的否定推测
1)(08天津)She can’t have left school, for her bike is still here.
2)—Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. (05湖北)
—Well, he can’t have gone far—his coat’s still here.
3)(05天津)I couldn’t have been more than six years old when the accident
happened.
8.can/could have done疑问句中，表示对过去的疑问推测
1)(07福建)My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where can I have put it?
2)-Who has broken the window in my room?
-Who else could have done it but your naughty son!
9.must have done的反意疑问句：（根据不推测时的具体时态反问）
1)He must have come here yesterday, didn’t he?
2)He must have studied hard last night, didn’t he?
3)He must be sleeping now,isn’t he?
4)He must have been to Beijing, hasn’t he ?。