2021年广东省佛山市高考英语质检试卷(二)(附答案详解)

2021年广东省佛山市高考英语质检试卷（二）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
In the long history of humans, women's stories have often been overlooked. Yet as modern society has allowed women to speak for themselves, more and more women are standing up to choose how to live their lives. Here are five powerful films that just might inspire you to
re-imagine what it means to be a woman.
Hi, Mom （2021）
Directed by Chinese comedian Jia Ling, this heartwarming comedy, about a woman who accidentally meets her mother during time travel, became a hit with audiences this year, leading the mainland box office right after Chinese New Year.
Leap （2020）
This 2020 film about the Chinese national women's volleyball team presents their history from 1981，when they won the Women's World Cup, to the year 2016. Actress Gong Li stars as the legendary volleyball player Lang Ping, and Peter Chen from Hong Kong is the director. Coco Avant Chanel （2009）
The life of Coco Chanel serves as a guide to all women wishing to establish their own careers. Audrey Tautou, famous for her iconic performance in Amelie, stars as the glorious French fashion designer. It is French director Anne Fontaine's most famous film.
The Joy Luck Club （1993）
Based on the novel The Joy Luck Club, Chinese director Wang Ying tells the stories of four Chinese women and their daughters who were all born and lived in the US. Their conflicts also reflect the collision between traditional Chinese culture and American culture.
The Story of Qiu Ju （1992）
Directed by Zhang Yimou,the 1992 film describes a peasant woman Qiu Ju who lives in a rural area of China and fights for justice. It is a screen adaptation of writer Chen Yuanbin's novel The Wan Family's Lawsuit.
1.Why does the author select the above 5 movies？______
A. To arouse attention to women.
B. To speak highly of great mothers.
C. To support women's fight for equal rights.
D. To introduce the history of women movies.
2.How does Coco Avant Chanel differ from the other 4 movies？______
A. It inspired a lot of women.
B. It is set in a foreign country.
C. Its actress became world-famous for her role.
D. Its director has a different culture background.
3.Which film concerns generation gap______
A. Hi, Mom
B. Leap
C. The Joy Luck Club
D. The Story of Qiu Ju
B
Sitting straight at his desk, Sami Sabeaallil turns on the lights, places his mobile phone on a selfie stick and starts greeting his viewers. "Hi everyone, this is Sami," he says in Chinese. "I will recommend you some toys tonight…"
Every day,Sami livestreams（网络直播）on Douyin（China's domestic version of TikTok）for one or two hours,promoting his toys to Chinese buyers. Based in Yiwu City, the world's largest trading center for daily consumer goods in East China's Zhejiang Province, the
22-year-old said he is likely the first foreigner to get into livestream selling in Yiwu and take advantage of China's skyrocketing e-commerce industry.
Sami has been selling his toys on his Douyin account since last June. Most of his videos are about his products or show him hanging around Yiwu's markets and cracking jokes. For a video he published last October,he invited dozens of foreigners from various countries to express their love for China,which got nearly 30，000 likes.
As a young Chinese-speaking foreigner,Sami attracts much attention on China's social media. He now has only about 28，000 followers on Douyin but his goal is to have 10 million followers within two years.
The COVID-19 pandemic is severely hitting the economy of many countries and has caused great losses among Yiwu's producers and suppliers. Sami decided to try livestreaming and look for more Chinese domestic buyers via Douyin. As an owner of a Yiwu-based toy company,Sami used to have half of his orders from overseas. However,overseas orders have not been satisfactory in the past year, so he is gradually shifting his business to Chinese market as the epidemic situation in China has largely improved.
A few potential buyers have reached Sami and one of them bought over 100，000 yuan （＄14，860）of toys from him, which Sami described as "a good beginning."
Sami is not the only foreigner in Yiwu interested in livestreaming promotion. According to Yiwu Industrial and Commercial College, quite a few of its 140 overseas students say they will try livestreaming e-commerce industry after graduation.
The college is offering its overseas students courses on China's livestream selling market, which include how to attract more followers, how to select suitable products, how to interact with audiences and how to shoot and edit short videos.
4.Why did Sami start livestreaming______
A. To increase the sales of his toys.
B. To build a reputation in his field.
C. To catch up with the Internet trend.
D. To be the first foreign livestreamer.
5.What do we know about Sami's videos on Douyin？______
A. They made him world famous.
B. They showed his love for China.
C. They attracted a number of followers.
D. They recorded people's lives in Yiwu.
6.What is the consequence of COVID-19 for Sami______
A. He has closed down his toy company.
B. His overseas orders decreased by half.
C. The number of his followers has fallen sharply.
D. He makes efforts to attract more Chinese buyers.
7.What is the function of the last paragraph？______
A. To provide background information.
B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. To introduce a new topic for discussion.
D. To call on people to use more livestream.
C
Educational programs often use fear-based messaging and films of crash scenes to reduce risky driving behavior among young people. But does this "scary" approach work A new study suggests that fear-based messaging fails to reduce risky driving behavior, while fear-based
Virtual Reality（VR）films showing a violent collision may actually lead young drivers to take more chances behind the wheel.
A team of psychologists in Belgium conducted a study of 146 students who had been legally driving for less than five years. The researchers examined the impact of both content （fear vs. positive）and delivery mode（2 D vs. VR）of driver safety intervention programs.
By showing a serious consequence such as death, fear-based driver education films attempt to arouse a sense of fear and persuade young people to drive more carefully. Positively framed films take the opposite approach, using humor and modeling safe driving behaviors that result in positive consequences.
Three tests were used to analyze the risk-taking behavior of the young drivers before and after participating in the intervention program. One was a questionnaire. Another was a test on traffic, which asks participants to watch video clips of driving situations and choose whether they view a situation as too risky, for example, choosing whether to pass another car in icy conditions. A third test was used to measure the level of emotional arousal （such as feeling afraid）after watching a film.
The results showed that participants who viewed the fear-based VR film reported riskier driving behaviors afterward, while those who viewed a positively framed VR film exhibited the greatest reduction in risky driving behavior. This finding supports other research that has shown that exposing participants to an extreme collision tends to activate defensive mechanisms, such as paying attention for a shorter time, disengaging, rejecting a message, and an increase in risky behaviors.
"Fear appeals have been used in many health and environmental campaigns,such as smoking and anti-drug," says Dr. Cutello of the research team. "Further experimental research is needed to determine whether the use of fear is effective."
8.What is the new study about？______
A. VR's application on driving education.
B. Young drivers' risky driving behaviors.
C. The deadly consequence of violent crashes.
D. The effect of drivers' educational programs.
9.Why were participants asked to watch video clips in the second test？______
A. To assess driving emotions.
B. To judge driving behaviors.
C. To gain driving competence.
D. To keep safe driving in mind.
10.Which was the result of the fear-based VR film in the study______
A. Drivers show fewer risky behaviors.
B. Drivers were less able to focus long.
C. Drivers were unwilling to cooperate.
D. Drivers became more open to advice.
11.What does Dr. Cutello's words suggest？______
A. More research should be conducted.
B. Fear-based education shouldn't be used.
C. The result of his research is unconvincing.
D. The use of fear education has been cut down.
D
More than half the world's population live in cities,and by 2050 the UN expects that proportion to reach 68%. This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure. In India alone, a city the size of Chicago will have to be developed every year to meet demand for housing. Such a construction increase is a bad sign for dealing with climate change, because making steel and concrete, two of the most common building materials, generates around 8% of the world's CO2 emissions （排放）. If cities are to expand and become greener at the same time, they will have to be made from something else.
Wood is one of the most promising sustainable （可持续的）alternatives to steel and concrete. It is not,however, everyday wood that is attracting the interest of architects.
Rather, it is a material called engineered timber. This is a combination of different layers, each designed to meet the requirements of specific parts such as floors, panels and beams（横梁）. Designers can use it to provide levels of strength like steel, in a product that is up to 80% lighter. In addition, engineered timber is usually made into large sections in a factory for future use, which reduces the number of deliveries to a construction site.
According to Michael Ramage of the University of Cambridge,a wooden building produces 75% less CO2 than a steel and concrete one of the same size. However,if building with wood takes off，it does raise concern about there being enough trees to go round. But with sustainably managed forests that should not be a problem, says Dr Ramage. A family-sized apartment requires about 30 cubic metres of timber,and he estimates Europe's sustainable forests alone grow that amount every seven seconds. Nor is fire a risk, for engineered timber does not burn
easily. Besides, fireproofing layers can be added to the timber. All in all, then, it looks as if wood as a building material may get a new lease of life.
12.Why is India mentioned in paragraph 1？______
A. To point out the severe pollution.
B. To predict the population increase.
C. To indicate the high degree of urbanization.
D. To show the great need for building materials.
13.What can be learned about engineered timber______
A. It is produced at a low cost.
B. It hardly appeals to architects.
C. It helps save energy in transportation.
D. It possesses greater strength than steel.
14.What does the underlined phrase "takes off" in the last paragraph mean？______
A. Becomes cheaper.
B. Gains popularity.
C. Requires less work.
D. Proves sustainable.
15.What can be a suitable title for the text？______
A. Making Future Cities More Attractive
B. Living in a World with Less Emission
C. Building Sustainable Cities with Woods
D. Growing More Trees for Future Building
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Why Do Movie Theaters Serve Popcorn？The savory smell. The crunchy bite. The buttery finish. Americans will recognize the smell and flavor of their favorite moviegoing snack anywhere. Why is it that we feast our taste buds on these crisp kernels（玉米）while our eyes focus on the big screen？
（1）______ The main reason is the snack's price, convenience, and timing. Popcorn was cheap for sellers and for customers, and making it didn't require special equipment.
（2）______ That is how popcorn got introduced to the silver screen.
Popcorn does not refer to the popped kernel alone.（3）______ It was originally grown in Central America and became popular in the U.S. in the mid-1800s. Compared with other snacks at the time,it was super easy to make,and it got easier in 1885 when the mobile steam-powered popcorn maker was invented. In the late 19th century a large number of
independent popcorn suppliers became widely available.（4）______
Since popcorn was cheap to make, it was also cheap to buy, which increased the popularity of this treat during the Great Depression. The Depression increased consumer spending on cheaper luxury items such as popcorn and movies, and the two industries teamed up. （5）______ By the mid-1940s, however, movie theaters began to have their own concession stands （小卖部）in the lobby. The introduction of the popcorn-driven concession stand to movie theaters kept the movie theater industry running smoothly, and popcorn has been a basic movie-watching food ever since.
A.A few aspects made popcorn the typical movie snack.
B.They were like the great-great-grandfathers of food trucks.
C.Therefore, movie theaters attracted more and more customers.
D.The secret of popcorn's pleasant taste lies in the special material.
E.It's also the name for the specific type of corn that is used to make the snack.
F.Theaters would allow a popcorn salesman to sell right outside for a daily fee.
G.Popcorn also got popular at a time when theaters badly needed an economic increase.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F.
F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
"Good night," said four-year-old Micah, sleepily, and quickly drifted off. For his parents, however, it would be another（1）______ night. The couple's little boy had a damaged liver that was unable to produce an essential protein.（2）______ ，a special diet and vitamins had dealt with that（3）______ . But recently, Micah suffered a bad infection,and his liver needed a transplant（移植）.
After going through（4）______ to be a living donor（捐赠者），Ben Anderson was told that he'd（5）______ a little boy and he wished to save the kid. Ben remembered his childhood friend,Bo, who'd（6）______ him to become an organ donor. When Bo was diagnosed with leukemia and needed a bone marrow transplant, Ben's heart broke and he（7）______ most of the 800 residents in town and got tested.（8）______ ，no match was found. The last time Ben saw Bo was during his final days, when he gave a （9）______ at the high school.
"Love one another,and help those in need whenever possible," Bo's heartfelt（10）______ had resounded through the assembly hall.
Years later, Bo's words still echoed in Ben's heart,and when he learned it was possible to be a living donor,he（11）______ and was overjoyed to match a little boy,feeling thankful for the second （12）______ to save a boy's life and to （13）______ his friend's last request. After the operation, Ben was thrilled to learn that Micah was able to eat（14）______ and was growing at a fast pace. He said, "Part of my liver may be in Micah, but all of him has found a special （15）______ in my heart."
21. A. peaceful B. lonely C. sleepless D. warm
22. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Generally D. Fortunately
23. A. change B. incident C. injury D. problem
24. A. tests B. pains
C. thought
D. transformation
25. A. helped B. matched C. missed D. attracted
26. A. invited B. required C. inspired D. permitted
27. A. asked B. joined C. interviewed D. encouraged
28. A. Sadly B. Consequently C. Unexpectedly D. Apparently
29. A. promise B. donation C. speech D. hand
30. A. message B. praise C. support D. sympathy
31. A. went around B. worked out C. looked ahead D. signed up
32. A. donor B. chance C. liver D. operation
33. A. honor B. consider C. receive D. submit
34. A. quickly B. quietly C. normally D. healthily
35. A. reward B. need C. comfort D. place
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36.It isn't unusual for foreigners to experience some level of culture shock in China. The
country is famed for（1）______ （it）unique culture, and you will have no shortage of new things（2）______ （explore）and learn about. China's fast development is likely to make the adjustment more（3）______ （comfort）for most new arrivals.
The language barrier can be（4）______ big challenge for foreigners. There are a few reasons for this. Apart （5）______ Chinese Mandarin, hundreds of other dialects exist.
In some rural areas,（6）______ （disappointing），some people can't even speak Mandarin.
The second reason is （7）______ even though young people learn English nowadays,the education system doesn't give them many（8）______ （opportunity）to use it. This means that while many people can understand easy phrases, they're often quite shy when it comes to （9）______ （speak）.
People generally don't bother translating things into English outside big cities, where the biggest numbers of foreigners （10）______ （find）. As such, it's a good idea for
foreigners to learn a few useful phrases in Chinese before arriving in the country.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37.假定你是学校的外教助理李华。

因"五一"假期安排，学校调整了课表（class schedule），
由你负责通知外教Peter。

请你给Peter 写一封邮件，告知放假时间，并提醒他查看新课表。

注意：
1. 写作词数应为80 左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

This was it.
Today was the day.
Finally, she would be able to see her again.
It'd been five long years. Her university days now felt like a lifetime ago. When Jennifer thought back to it, she didn't like the girl she had been then, but when she thought about Yui Fay, that discomfort disappeared and her whole life lit up.
She couldn't be more excited. She kept imagining their meeting - how they would run
towards each other,hugging and talking of the old times. As she imagined, happiness
spread through her body.
It was time to get dressed. As she was struggling about what to wear, she spotted a red summer dress,which she wore that night in Barcelona. She would never forget that night five years before. After a hard week at university,Yui Fay and she spontaneously（心血来潮地）bought bus tickets to Barcelona. They slept on the bus and then spent the whole day exploring the city. In the evening,they met these fun young guys and spent the whole night singing and dancing. Every day with Yui Fay was fun.
After university Yui Fay went back to China where she took over her family's business,while Jennifer took the job in an office. They promised to keep in contact. But then life happened. The occasional calls faded with time and they had not talked for over two years. Yet,of all her friends,Yui Fay was still the one she felt the closest to. She knew all her fears, dreams, and her wildest stories. She knew that if something happened,Yui Fay would be there for her no matter what. And vice versa. Some friendships just survive the passage of Yet the idea of meeting her was also terrifying. What if…？The idea was too hard to put into words. What if the person she was so fond of was no longer？What if this dinner turned out to be nothing more than a meeting between two boring business women？
At that moment, her cellphone rang.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Jennifer took up her phone and looked at the screen.______________________
Just then, someone was coming towards Jennifer._____________________
答案和解析
1.【答案】
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句
"Here are fve powerful flms that just might inspire you to re-imagine what it means to be awo man." （下面是五部有影响力的电影，它们可能会激发你重新想象作为一个女人意味着什么。

）可知，作者选择了以上5部电影来引起对女性的关注。

故选A.
（2）D.推理判断题。

根据Hi, Mom （2021）部分第一句
"Directed by Chinese comedian Jia Ling" （由中国喜剧演员贾玲执导）， Leap（2020）部分最后一句"Peter Chen from Hong Kong is the director" （来自香港的Peter Chen是导演）， Coco Avant Chanel（2009）部分最后一句
"It is French director Anne Fontaine's most famous film." （这是法国导演安妮方丹最著名的电影。

）， The Joy Luck Club （1993）部分第一句
"Based on the novel The Joy Luck Club, Chinese director Wang Ying tells the
stories of four Chinese women and their daughters who were all born and lived in the US." （电影改编自同名小说《喜福会》，中国导演王颖讲述了四个在美国出生和生活的中国妇女和她们的女儿的故事。

）和The Story of Qiu Ju （1992）部分第一句
"Directed by Zhang Yimou, the 1992 flm describes a peasant woman Qiu Ju who lives in a ru ral area of China and fights forjustice." （这部1992年的电影由张艺谋执导，讲述了中国农村的一位名叫秋菊的农妇为正义而战的故事。

）可知，其它几部电影都是由中国导演执导， Coco Avant Chanel的导演来自法国。

故选D.
（3）C.细节理解题。

根据The Joy Luck Club （1993）部分第一句
"Based on the novel The Joy Luck Club, Chinese director Wang Ying tellsthe stories of four Chinese women and their daughters who were all born and lived in the US." （电影改编自同名小说《喜福会》，中国导演王颖讲述了四个在美国出生和生活的中国妇女和她们的女儿的故事。

）可知，The Joy Luck Club关注代沟问题。

故选C.
这是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了五部引起对女性的关注的电影。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。

因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能
多地捕获信息材料。

其次，细读题材，各个击破。

掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。

对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4.【答案】
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句"Every day, Sami livestreams （网络直播）on Douyin （China's domestic version of TikTok）for one or two hours, promoting his toys to Chinese buyers. "（萨米每天都会在抖音（中国版的TikTok）上直播一两个小时，向中国买家推销他的玩具。

）可知，萨米开始直播来增加他玩具的销量。

故选A. （2）C．细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句"He now has only about 28，000 followers on Douyin but his goal is to have 10 million followers within two years."（他现在在抖音上只有大约2.8万名粉丝，但他的目标是在两年内拥有1000万名粉丝。

）可知，萨米在抖音上的视频吸引了大量粉丝。

故选C.
（3）D．细节理解题。

根据第五段第二句"Sami decided to try livestreaming and look for more Chinese domestic buyers via Douyin."（萨米决定尝试直播，并通过抖音寻找更多的中国国内买家。

）可知，COVID-19对Sami的影响是他努力吸引更多的中国买家。

故选D. （4）A．写作意图题。

根据最后一段"The college is offering its overseas students courses on China's livestream selling market, which include how to attract more followers, how to select suitable products, how to interact with audiences and how to shoot and edit short videos."（该学院正在中国的直播销售市场上为海外学生提供课程，包括如何吸引更多的粉丝，如何选择合适的产品，如何与观众互动，以及如何拍摄和编辑短视频。

）可知，最后一段的内容和Sami本身没有太多关系，所以是为了提供背景信息。

故选A.
本文是一篇记叙文阅读。

文章主要对一位外国抖音网红进行了报道。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8.【答案】
【解析】（1）D. 细节理解题。

根据第一段"Educational programs often use fear-based messaging and films of crash scenes to reduce risky driving behavior among young people. But does this"scary" approach work？A new study suggests that fear-based messaging fails to reduce risky driving behavior, while fear-based Virtual Reality （VR）films showing a violent collision may actually lead young drivers to take more chances behind the wheel.（教育项目经常使用基于恐惧的信息和撞车场景的电影来减少年轻人的危险驾驶行为。

但是这种"可怕"的方法有效吗？一项新的研究表明，基于恐惧的信息传递并不能减少危险的驾驶行为，而基于恐惧的虚拟现实电影显示的暴力碰撞实际上可能会导致年轻司机在驾驶时更冒险。

）可知，这项新研究是关于司机教育计划的效果。

故选D.
（2）B. 细节理解题。

根据第四段中Another was a test on traffic, which asks participants to watch video clips of driving situations and choose whether they view a situation as too risky, for example, choosing whether to pass another car in icy conditions.（另一项是交通测试，要求参与者观看驾驶情况的视频剪辑，并选择他们是否认为某一情况太危险，例如，选择是否在结冰的情况下超过另一辆车。

）可知，参与者在第二次测试中被要求观看视频剪辑是为了判断驾驶行为。

故选B.
（3）B. 细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段
This finding supports other research that has shown that exposing participants to an extreme c ollision tends to activate defensive mechanisms, such as paying attention for a shorter time, di sengaging, rejecting a message, and an increase in risky behaviors.（这一发现支持了其他研究，这些研究表明，将参与者暴露在极端碰撞中往往会激活防御机制，比如缩短注意时间、脱离接触、拒绝信息以及增加危险行为。

）可知，研究中基于恐惧的虚拟现实电影的结果是司机不能较长时间集中注意力。

故选B.
（4）A. 推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的Further experimental research is needed to determine whether the use of fear is effective.（需要进一步的实验研究来确定恐惧的使用是否有效。

）可推知，Cutello博士的话暗示了应该进行更多的研究。

故选A.
本文是一篇科教类说明文。

一项新研究表明，基于恐惧的信息和撞车场景的司机教育项目并不能减少危险的驾驶行为，实际上可能会导致年轻司机在驾驶时更冒险。

文章主要介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现。

考查科教类阅读理解。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的
选择。

12.【答案】
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。

根据第一段This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure.这意味着要更多的房屋、道路和其他基础设施；
In India alone, a city the size of Chicago will have to be developed every year to meet deman d for housing.仅在印度，一个像芝加哥那么大的城市每年都要开发，以满足住房需求。

可知，是以印度为例说明发展对房屋、道路和其他基础设施的需要是很大的，这也正意味着对建筑材料的需求很大。

因此第一段提到印度是为了说明房屋建造对建筑材料的巨大需求，故选D.
（2）C.推理判断题。

根据第二段In addition, engineered timber is usually made into large sections in a factory for future use, which reduces the munber of deliveries to a construction site.此外，工程木料通常在工厂中被制成大块以备将来使用，这减少了把建筑材料运送到工地的次数。

其中的reduces的意思是减少，the deliveries的意思是运送、运输。

可知，它能帮助节省运输中的能源故选C.
（3）B.词义猜测题。

根据最后一段 However,if building with wood takes
off， it does raise concern about there being enough trees to go round. 然而，如果用木头建造的建筑___了，这确实会引起人们对周边是否有足够的树木的担忧。

从这句中的enough trees及concern担忧可知，"it"指的是需要大量耗费树木的情况，而it指代的就是前文的takes off,所以可以猜测出takes off意为："流行、受到欢迎"。

A.Becomes cheaper.变得更便宜；B.Gains popularity.变得流行；C.Requires less work.需要更少的工作；
D.Proves sustainable.证明可持续的，故选B.
（4）C.标题归纳题。

根据第一段
More than half the world's population live in cities,and by 2050 the UN expects that proportio n to reach 68%. This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure. In India alone, a city the size of Chicago will have to be developed every year to meet demand for housing. 世界上一半以上的人口居住在城市，联合国预计到2050年这一比例将达到68%。

这意味着更多的房屋、道路和其他基础设施。

仅在印度，一个像芝加哥那么大的城市每年都要开发，以满足住房需求。

可知，文章从世界发展对基础设施的巨大需求导致对建筑材料的大最需求出发提出了大量使用钢筋水泥不能与环境保护相并行的问题，既而提出了有望使这
一问题得到解决的新型建筑材料即工程木材，并分析了使用这一新型材料的可行性，故选C.
本文首先写了城市化进程使得每年都要建造大量的房子道路等，而用于建筑的钢筋和水泥的生产排放出大量的二氧化碳。

因此如果想要在城市发展与地球环保同时发展，就要用其他的材料来代替钢筋水泥。

文中作者说到了一种新型木材，工程物木料，这种工程木料可以做到质量轻，承受力大，而且防火。

文章还提到生态林有望为这种需求提供足量的木材。

作者最后预测，木材作为建筑材料将会焕发生机。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】
【解析】（1）A. 标题归纳题。

根据后文"The main reason is the snack's price, convenience, and timing. Popcorn was cheap for sellers and for customers, and making it didn't require special equipment.（主要原因是它的价格、方便和省时。

爆米花对卖家和顾客来说都很便宜，而且制作它也不需要特殊设备）"可知，本段主要在分析爆米花成为电影院零食的一些原因。

后文中the snack指代A选项中popcorn。

故A选项"有几个方面促使爆米花成为了典型的电影零食"符合语境，故选A.
（2）G. 标题归纳题。

根据后文"That is how popcorn got introduced to the silver screen.（爆米花就是这样被引入银幕的）"可知，后文提到爆米花因为某些原因被引入电影院，可推测本句是在说明这一原因的具体内容：电影院急需经济增长。

故G选项"爆米花在电影院急需经济增长的时候也很受欢迎"符合语境，故选G.
（3）E. 推理判断题。

根据上文"Popcorn does not refer to the popped kernel alone.（爆米花不仅仅指被爆开的玉米）"以及后文"It was originally grown in Central America and became popular in the U.S. in the mid-1800s.（它最初生长在中美洲，19世纪中期开始在美国流行起来）"可知，上文提到爆米花不仅仅指被爆开的玉米，后文则提到了爆米花品种的情况，故本句应承接上文继续就爆米花的品种展开说明，E选项中It指代上文中Popcorn。

故E选项"它也是用于制作小吃的特定玉米类型的名称"符合语境，故选E. （4）B. 推理判断题。

根据上文"Compared with other snacks at the time, it was super easy to make, and it got easier in 1885 when the mobile steam-powered popcorn maker was invented.
In the late 19th century a large number of independent popcorn suppliers became widely available.（与当时的其他零食相比，它做起来超级容易，到了1885年，移动蒸汽动力
爆米花机发明后，做起来更容易了。

19世纪后期，大量独立的爆米花供应商开始普及）"可知，上文提到了一种制作爆米花的装置，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续就
这种装置展开说明，B选项中they指代上文a large number of independent popcorn suppliers。

故B选项"他们就像快餐车的祖先一样"符合语境，故选B.
（5）F. 推理判断题。

根据上文"Since popcorn was cheap to make, it was also cheap to buy, which increased the popularity of this treat during the Great Depression. The Depression increased consumer spending on cheaper luxury items such as popcorn and movies, and the two industries teamed up.（因为爆米花制作便宜，所以买起来也便宜，这使得这种零食在大
萧条时期更受欢迎。

大萧条增加了消费者在爆米花和电影等更便宜的奢侈品上的支出，于是这两个行业开始合作）"可知，上文提到爆米花行业和电影行业开始合作，故本句
承接上文说明是如何合作的，故F选项"影院允许爆米花推销员在电影院外面卖爆米花，每天收取一定的费用"符合语境，故选F.
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了为什么电影院会卖爆米花这种食物，介绍了爆米花的一些特点、制作工艺的发展情况以及是如何成为一种观影食品的。

技巧
①通读全文，了解文章大意；
②细读七个选项，找出和文章相对应的关键词，分析选项间的逻辑关系；
③根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，选出最佳选项；
④将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。

21.【答案】
【解析】（1）C．考查形容词及语境理解。

A. peaceful和平的；B. lonely孤独的；C. sleepless 无眠的；D. warm温暖的。

句意：然而，对他的父母来说，这又是一个不眠之夜。

根据后文"But recently,Micah suffered a bad infection, and his liver needed a transplant （移植）."可知，Micah生病需要肝脏移植，所以对父母来说是一个不眠之夜。

故选C.
（2）D．考查副词及语境理解。

A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Generally普遍。