专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷24(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷24(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)
SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
听力原文：Some Theories of History Good morning, everyone. In today’s lecture, we are going to talk about some theories of history. How much of man’s history do we know? We really know very little. Written records exist for only a fraction of what we suppose to have been man’s time as a unique species. Furthermore, the accuracy of these records is often suspected, and the scope and selection of significant detail in them often needs improvement. It is worse when we try to reconstruct man’s history before the development of writing, and this is unfortunate because the history of the early development of human society is lost to us. The most that we can do is to use traces, deduction, speculation and the knowledge we have of the habits of those animals which have some elementary social order to help us make a partial reconstruction. This is hardly a satisfactory substitute for precise information. With our knowledge of human history, which is only fragmentary at best, it is therefore nearly impossible to reconstruct the beginning, and to deduce the end, of the story of man. Thus, there have developed many schools of thought on the subject, each of which attempts to give coherence to the human past by fitting it into the framework of a theory of history. The first theory I want to introduce is assumed that man continually progress. He has evolved from a lower to a higher form of being, and he continues to evolve. This evolution takes place both in terms of his potentials and his abilities to actualize these potentials. If one holds this theory, one feels that modern man must be more intelligent and civilized today than his ancestors, as well as physically and morally superior to them. One further assumes that this progress will continue into an ever more glorious future. Here deduction often ends and dreams of Utopia begin, for it seems that most of us find it hard to think of the human race developing into a race of angels. All in all, as a theory of history, the above view has had many eminent supporters. It might be well to mention here a variation on this theory that used to be popular, namely the idea that man rose from a low condition to a Golden Age at some time in the remote past, and that things have gone straight downhill ever since. Many eminent men have found a sort of gloomy comfort in this idea, but science has now opened up possibilities for the future which makes this theory less defendable. Perhaps for this reason the theory
has little modern support. A second theory of history is held by those men who see man’s history as something quite different from a simple progression from a lower to a higher state. They see it as a cycle of stages of development which are predictable in their broad outlines and main features. As surely as a civilization rises and comes into being, so also must it decline and fall. The chief pattern one sees in history is the rise and fall of civilization. To holders of this theory, modern man is not looked upon as the most superior social being yet produced. He is simply the typical product of the current stage in the cycle of our civilization. In fact he may actually be inferior to members of past civilizations. It all depends upon what stage of civilization we happen to be living in. Indeed, it has been said that the average modern literate city dweller is comparatively more ignorant of his era’s fund of knowledge than other literate city dwellers of the past While the staggering fund of knowledge in our technologically advanced world is undoubtedly greater than that of any past civilization, it is probably true that the average modern man, relying on such repetitive forms of entertainment as television and working in a narrowly specialized job, knows a great deal less sheer information about his world than did earlier people. In a third theory of history, the two above theories are to some degree reconciled. According to this theory, which is often termed the spiral view of history, human societies do repeat a cycle of stages, but overall progress observable in the long historical perspective. Civilizations do rise and fall, as the advocates of the second theory maintain, but the new civilization which replaces the first, usually by conquest, contains superior qualities which enable it to rise to a higher stage of development until it, too, declines and is replaced by yet a third civilization. The above theories interpret history in term as if the overall progress of mankind in general without respect to differentiations within the social order. It is also possible to view human history in terms of the interaction of socioeconomic groups. Human history, according to this theory, is most clearly interpreted as the disappearance of class struggle. Most people who hold this theory assume an eventual resolution of the struggle through the disappearance of class differences, although it would be just as correct to assume that the struggle could continue unresolved. Those who assume that the struggle can eventually be resolved hold that history has a goal and that progress can be measured in terms of how quickly mankind is reaching that goal. OK. This brings us to the end of today’s lecture. I hope now you can have a better understanding of what history is. Thank you for your attention.
Some Theories of History I. The problems of understanding history History with written records: the records may be【B1】______ and inaccurate.【B1】______ History before writing: we can only make a partial reconstruction.II. Some theories have been proposed to give coherence to human historyTheory 1 Man continually【B2】______ in terms of his potentials and【B2】______his abilities to actualize these potentials. Modern man is superior to his ancestors【B3】______, physically and morally.【B3】______ A branch of the theory: man rose to a【B4】______ before.【B4】______Theory 2 Man’s history is a【B5】______ of stages of development, whose pattern is【B5】______the rise and fall of civilization. Whether modern man is superior to his ancestors depends onwhat【B6】______ of
civilization he is in.【B6】______Theory 3 In this theory, the first two theories 【B7】______ with each other.【B7】______ It is known as the【B8】______ of history.【B8】______Theory 4 This theory views human history from the【B9】______【B9】______of socioeconomic groups. Human history can be interpreted as the【B10】______ of class snuggle.【B10】______
1．【B1】
正确答案：incomplete∥fractional
解析：讲座的主题是“some theories of history(一些历史理论)”。

原文一开头说，书写的记录仅仅是人类历史的一部分。

也就是说，书写的记录是不完整的。

空格后的inaccurate提示此空应填形容词，故用incomplete“不完整的”或fractional “部分的”。

知识模块：听力
2．【B2】
正确答案：progress
解析：讲座第一个要介绍的理论是假设人类是不断进步的。

根据题目给出的continually。

可知此处填入progress“进步”。

知识模块：听力
3．【B3】
正确答案：mentally
解析：讲座随后说，在这个理论下，人们觉得现代人肯定比他们的祖先更加有才智、更文明，而且在身体和道德上也优于祖先。

题目已经给出了physically 和morally，需要用一个词来表示“有才智、文明”，可填入mentally“智力上”。

这道题没有现成答案，需要考生根据笔记进行归纳。

知识模块：听力
4．【B4】
正确答案：Golden Age
解析：讲座提到这样一个idea：在远古的某个时期，人类从一个较低级的状态提升到一个黄金时代。

此处填入原文出现的Golden Age。

知识模块：听力
5．【B5】
正确答案：cycle
解析：讲座说到第二个理论：有人认为人类历史是阶段式的循环发展过程(a cycle of stages of develop—ment)，大致轮廓和主要特征都是可预测的。

此处填入原文出现的cycle。

知识模块：听力
6．【B6】
正确答案：stage∥period
解析：在第二种理论下，现代人是优于祖先还是不如祖先，取决于这个人是生活在文明的哪个阶段(all de—pends upon what stage of civilization we happen to be living in)。

此处应填入原文出现的stage，也可填入表示相同意思的词period。

知识模块：听力
7．【B7】
正确答案：reconcile
解析：讲座提及的第三种理论是前面两种理论某种程度上的融合(reconcile)。

此处应填入原文出现的reconcile“融合”。

要注意，原文用的是被动语态，而题目用的是主动语态。

知识模块：听力
8．【B8】
正确答案：spiral view
解析：根据第三种理论，这种理论经常被称为历史螺旋观(the spiral view of history)。

人类社会确实在重复阶段式的循环，但长远来看，总的来说是进步的。

此处填入原文原词spiral view。

知识模块：听力
9．【B9】
正确答案：interaction
解析：讲座最后提到，还可以从社会经济群体互相作用(the interaction of socioeconomic groups)的角度来看待历史。

此处填入原文出现的interaction。

知识模块：听力
10．【B10】
正确答案：disappearance
解析：根据这一理论，随着阶级斗争的消失(the disappearance of class struggle)，历史就得到了最清晰的解释。

此处填入原文出现的disappearance。

知识模块：听力
SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.
听力原文：M: Whether they are attending college or working their first jobs, by the age of twenty, most young adults are barely starting their lives. In the case of Amber Stevens, her exciting life began several years ago when she had the unique opportunity to sing back-up for Gladys Knight and even sang on stage at an American
Idol special. When Amber decided to pursue an acting career, she quickly nabbed the role of a lifetime on ABC Family’s new series Greek. I had the pleasure of speaking with the very vigorous and incredibly sweet Amber Stevens about life before Greek, her experience on American Idol and what viewers can expect from this brand new ABC Family series, I understand you were a singer before you got into acting. What made you decide to pursue acting? W: I always wanted to act, I thought it was something I could do, something I was capable of doing. Singing was more of a priority when I was younger. I started playing piano when I was really young. My dad was in radio, so he knew a lot about music and had a lot of friends who were in music, I was just surrounded by it. As I got older, I realized that I had multiple talents, so I decided to just go for it and pursue acting.M: You sang in the on-stage chorus for American Idol, tell us about your experience.W: It was a special performance that aired on Fox. It was a Christmas special show. I believe it was the second or third season of American Idol. It had all of the cast from that season—Ruben Studdard, Clay Aiken and all the kids from that season. We sang Christmas songs and I was invited to sing in the on-stage chorus. It was very cool.M: How did the role of Ashleigh on Greek come to you?W: Just like everyone else, it was a regular audition.
I had to go through the whole thing just like everyone else where you go through your first audition, then you’re invited back and you meet with the producers and then you meet with the director and finally, the network. I guess they liked me!M: Could you give us a general description of Greek?W: Greek is a show based on fraternity and sorority life in college. It takes place at a fictional school called Cyprus-Rhodes and focuses on a girl called Zeta Beta Zeta and two boys, Omega Chi and Kappa Tau. It’s all about the parties, all the relationships that you have, and what it’s like being a part of the Greek system. It’s an ensemble cast of eight of us—five boys and three girls and our relationships with each other. Anyone can relate to the show because it follows all the different aspects and things you can get involved with in college.M: Do you think it’s an accurate depiction?W: Oh yeah. It’s something we’ve tried really hard to do; we don’t want to upset anyone in the Greek system. We want to show how great it is, and that it’s not all about parties and that kind of lifestyle. It depicts every aspect of it. It’s something we’re really proud of.M: Tell us about Ashleigh.W: Ashleigh is the party girl, the one who really wants to go out and have fun. She’s very social; she arranges all the social events for the sorority, so she’s always party planning. She’s the best friend of Casey. Casey is always having her own dramas and Ashleigh is always there for her. She’s the one people always enjoy being around.M: How did you prepare for the role?W: I have a lot of friends who are in sororities. The past two or three years after high school, I spent some time going to their parties and events that they have. I’ve tried to relate Ashleigh to some of the people I’ve met over the years. She’s not the hardest girl to play, she enjoys life and likes to have a good time and I can relate to that.M: Do you have any other projects in the works?W: There’s a commercial I did recently for Verizon, which was really fun to do. I am now one of the faces for a company called Soul Mates. It’s a women’s clothing company and they have really cute stuff. Other than that, Greek takes up all of my time.M: Where do you see yourself five years from now?W: Hopefully this show will go on
for another five years! I have so much fun doing Greek right now and I’d like to continue doing it for some time. Maybe during hiatus I could get a couple films in and continue being an actress.M: What advice do you have for teens and young adults looking to break into show business?W: I’d say work hard and go for it. There’s no reason why you shouldn’t do what you think you should be doing with your life when you really have a passion for it. Don’t take it for granted, it is something you have to work hard at no matter what stage you’re at in your work. Johnny Depp still has to work so hard, things don’t just come to him.
11．Which of the following descriptions about Amber Stevens is INCORRECT?
A．Amber once sang back-up for Gladys Knight.
B．Amber worked for ABC Family’s new series before her acting career.
C．Amber was once a singer and then became an actress.
D．Amber is regarded as an energetic and adorable girl.
正确答案：B
解析：由关键语句sing back—up for Gladys Knight、very vigorous and incredibly sweet、you were a singerbefore you got into acting可知A、C、D项表述符合原文。

B项不正确，在ABC Family的新剧工作正是Amber演艺生涯的开始。

故答案为B。

知识模块：听力
12．What causes Amber to pursue her acting career?
A．Desire plus talents.
B．Desire plus family background.
C．Fame plus desire.
D．Music plus talents.
正确答案：A
解析：录音提到Amber从事演艺工作，其一是出于她想这么做，其二是她发现自己有才能，故A为正确答案。

由于父亲从事无线电广播工作，她常与音乐人接触，于是音乐成了她年轻时的首选，但这些不是促使她选择从事演艺的原因，故排除B、C、D。

知识模块：听力
13．According to the interview, Greek
A．is a show aiming to introduce the fictional school Cyprus-Rhodes.
B．is a show about life in college and relationships.
C．is a show focusing on the Greek system and its influence.
D．is a show aiming to reflect Amber’s life in college.
正确答案：B
解析：由关键语句based on fraternity and sorority life in college、all about the parties、all the relationships等可以推出，Greek主要讲述的是美国大学生活中的男女联谊会以及各角色间的人际关系，B项符合原文意思。

Greek以Cyprus-Rhodes学校为背景，但主题不是Cyprus-Rhodes，排除A项；C、D项概括偏离了对话内容。

知识模块：听力
14．How did Amber prepare for the role of Ashleigh?
A．She took part in some sororities to get ideas.
B．She related her own college life to the role.
C．She combined Ashleigh with some people she met.
D．She tried to get help from her friends in sororities.
正确答案：C
解析：Amber提到她有很多朋友在女学生联谊会。

高中毕业后的两三年里，她经常参加她们的派对与各种活动。

由I’ve tried to relate Ashleigh to some of the people I’ve met over the years可推出正确答案为C。

知识模块：听力
15．Which of the following topics is NOT discussed during the interview?
A．Reasons for getting into acting career.
B．Introduction of Amber’s role on Greek.
C．Mention of Amber’s future work.
D．The prospective future of show business and advice.
正确答案：D
解析：由what made you decide to pursue acting可知，两人谈起选择演艺事业的原因，排除A；由tell usabout Ashleigh可知，Amber在访谈中介绍了Greek剧中的人物，排除B；continue doing it for some time、dur—ing hiatus I could get a couple films in and continue being an actress等语句是对未来工作的展望．故排除C。

录音并没有提到演艺行业的前景和提出建议。

录音结尾Amber只对想从事演艺事业年轻人提了些建议，因此D项表述不正确，答案为D。

知识模块：听力
SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文：Evacuation attempts, the international response, and the impact on oil. Those are the latest headlines related to what’s going on in Libya. First today, we’re tackling the evacuations. Governments around the world are trying to get their citizens who are in Libya out. They’re setting up flights and ferries to try to make that happen. The U.S. chartered a boat to take Americans from the Libyan capital of Tripoli to the nearby island nation of Malta. That ship wasn’t able to leave on Wednesday because of bad weather. It was expected to head out from Tripoli today. Then, the international response. Protests like this one are still raging in Libya. Reports are that the Libyan government has responded with force, and some officials estimate that up to 1,000 people might have been killed in the violence. The United Nations says “those responsible for brutally shedding the blood of innocents must be punished.” The U.S., promising that Libya’s government will be held responsible for acts of violence against protesters. And the Arab League suspended Libya on Tuesday. Finally, oil. Production plants in Libya are shutting down because of the violence.
Yesterday, that caused oil prices in the U.S. to jump higher than $100 per barrel at one point. It’s the first time in more than two years that oil prices have been that high.
16．The chartered ship couldn’t leave on schedule because
A．it broke down halfway.
B．the fighting had been escalated.
C．someone was killed in the violence.
D．the weather was not good.
正确答案：D
解析：原因推理题。

新闻中提到，利比亚局势日趋恶劣，美国政府包船准备将其国民撤离到岛国马耳他避难，但因天气状况差，没能于周三起航，D正确。

知识模块：听力
17．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news item?
A．Evacuation.
B．Oil price.
C．Nuclear weapons.
D．International response.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

新闻一开始就提出了三大主题，即撤离于利比亚的美国居民、国际社会的反应及石油价格，其后又对每一主题做了分别阐述，唯一未提到的是C选项“核武器”，即为答案。

知识模块：听力
听力原文：Lawmakers say they’re close to a deal on the 700-billion-dollar package to rescue the troubled financial system. A bipartisan group has been meeting today to hash out differences. Democratic Senator Chuck Schumer, chairman of the joint economic committee, says he hopes to reach a deal by this afternoon. Among the details being hammered out is how much the plan will cost. The most common amount being talked about is 700-billion dollars; another key point in the negotiations is whether the government will actually become a shareholder in troubled companies. One part of the plan that seems certain to become a law will be a provision to limit executive pay and bonuses at companies that sell assets to the Treasury.
18．The 700-billion-dollar package is aimed to
A．root out troubled companies.
B．save the financial system.
C．sell assets to the Treasury.
D．buy the shareholdings.
正确答案：B
解析：事实细节题。

新闻开头提到立法委员即将就7000亿美元的一揽子金融系统援助计划达成协议，可知这项计划是为了拯救处于困境中的金融系统，所以B为正确选项。

知识模块：听力
听力原文：For nearly a decade, the popularity of Australian universities rose rapidly among Indian students, and the number of those heading to the country for higher education rose from about 10,000 in 2001 to more than 70,000 last year. But that could change this year due to a string of negative publicity generated by attacks on Indian students in Australia. A travel advisory by the Indian government earlier this week warned that Indian students in Australia face an increased risk of assault. It was issued after an Indian graduate was stabbed to death in Melbourne. His stabbing came on the heels of a spate of attacks on Indian students in Australia in recent months, which the Indian media have dubbed as racist. It is a charge that Australian officials have strongly denied. They say the attacks are purely criminal, and the country is safe for foreign students. Nevertheless, as concerns rose in India, foreign minister S.M. Krishna called on Indians to assess their options while exploring the possibility of studying in Australia.
19．What does the news item say about the number of Indian students in Australia?
A．It has dropped rapidly in the last few years.
B．It might slightly decline this year.
C．It led to a trend of studying abroad among Indian students.
D．It raised racial discrimination among Australian students.
正确答案：B
解析：事实细节题。

新闻开头提及，从2001到去年，在澳大利亚读大学的印度学生激增，但由于今年发生了一起攻击印度学生的流血事件．留学人数可能会有所改变。

选项B是其中一种可能，故为答案。

新闻只提到了印度学生去澳大利亚留学，study abroad范围太广，无法考证，不选C。

知识模块：听力
20．According to the Australian officials, the country
A．will punish the racists severely.
B．admits that the attacks aim at Indians.
C．is a safe place for foreign students.
D．may offer scholarship to Indian students.
正确答案：C
解析：事实细节题。

新闻中说到，针对印度学生在澳大利亚面临遇袭的风险日益增大的指责，澳大利亚官方对此表示强烈否认，并表示澳大利亚对留学生来说是个很安全的地方，所以C项为正确答案。

新闻提到，澳大利亚官员称袭击是单纯的犯罪事件，没有提到袭击对象的针对性，B承认袭击针对印度人，与新闻不符。

知识模块：听力。