Medical device regulation – what FDA does when it …:医疗器械监管–FDA所做时候…

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医疗器械注册法律法规

医疗器械注册法律法规

医疗器械注册法律法规近年来,随着医疗技术的快速发展,医疗器械在临床应用中起着至关重要的作用。

为了确保医疗器械的质量和安全性,不断提升医疗服务水平,各国纷纷制定并实施了一系列医疗器械注册法律法规。

在本文中,我们将重点介绍几个主要国家的医疗器械注册法律法规。

一、美国医疗器械注册法律法规美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)负责监管医疗器械的注册和市场准入。

根据美国联邦食品、药品和化妆品法(FD&C Act),医疗器械被分为三个类别,分别是Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类。

Ⅰ类医疗器械风险最低,Ⅲ类医疗器械风险最高。

根据不同类别的医疗器械,注册所需的文件和程序也有所不同。

二、欧盟医疗器械注册法律法规欧盟医疗器械注册法律法规主要由医疗器械指令(Medical Device Directive,MDD)和医疗器械法规(Medical Device Regulation,MDR)组成。

根据这些法规,医疗器械被分为四个等级,分别是Ⅰ类、Ⅱa类、Ⅱb类和Ⅲ类。

欧盟还设立了医疗器械审查委员会,负责对医疗器械的注册和市场监管。

三、中国医疗器械注册法律法规中国国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)负责监管医疗器械的注册和市场准入。

根据《医疗器械监督管理条例》,医疗器械被划分为三个类别,分别为Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类。

此外,根据医疗器械技术审查管理办法,医疗器械的注册申请需要提交技术文档和实验报告等相关材料,并经过技术审查和临床试验等程序。

四、日本医疗器械注册法律法规日本厚生劳动省(MHLW)负责监管医疗器械的注册和市场准入。

根据《医疗器械法》,医疗器械被分为四个等级,分别为Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类。

日本还建立了医疗器械评价机构,负责对医疗器械进行安全性和有效性评价,并进行注册审查。

五、其他国家医疗器械注册法律法规除了上述国家,其他国家也制定了各自的医疗器械注册法律法规。

例如,加拿大的医疗器械注册采用了类似于美国的分类制度,澳大利亚的医疗器械注册则以风险分类为基础,新西兰的医疗器械注册则采用了注册证制度。

医疗器械监督管理条例英文版

医疗器械监督管理条例英文版

Regulations for the Supervision and Administration of Medical DevicesRegulations for the Supervision and Administration of Medical DevicesChapter I General ProvisionsArticle 1 These Regulations are hereby formulated with a view to strengthening the supervision and administration of medical devices, ensuring their safety and effectiveness and protecting human health and life safety.Article 2 All units or individuals engaged in the research and development, production, distribution, use, supervision and administration of medical devices within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall comply with the Regulation.Article 3 "Medical devices" as defined by these regulations refers to: any instrument, apparatus, appliance, material, or other article whether used alone or in combination, including the software necessary for its proper application. It does not achieve its principal action in or on the human body by means of pharmacology, immunology or metabolism, but which may be assisted in its function by such means; the use of which is to achieve the following intended objectives:1. Diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, treatment or alleviation of disease;2. Diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, alleviation of or compensation for an injury or handicap conditions;3. Investigation, replacement or modification for anatomy or a physiological process;4. Control of conception.Article 4 The drug regulatory authority under the State Council is responsible for supervision and administration of medical devices nationwide. The drug administration of the local government at county level and above is responsible for supervision and administration of medical devices in each administrative region. The drug regulatory authority under the State Council shall coordinate with other departments under the State Council, responsible for comprehensive economic administration, in the implementation of policies for the medical device industry.Article 5 The State shall classify medical devices and administer them based on this classificationClass I Medical Devices are those for which safety and effectiveness can be ensured through routine administration;Class II Medical Devices are those for which further control is required to ensure their safety and effectivenessClass III Medical Devices are those which are implanted into the human body, or used for life support or sustenance, or pose potential risk to the human body and thus must be strictly controlled in respect to safety and effectiveness.The classification catalogue for medical devices shall be stipulated, adjusted and promulgated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, in accordance with classification principles after consulting with health authority under the State Council.Article 6 Medical devices produced and used for the purpose of providing concrete measuring values shall comply with the requirements of the metering law. The detailed product list shall be formulated and promulgated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, jointly with the metering authority.Chapter II The Administration of Medical DevicesArticle 7 The State encourages the research and development of new medical devices. "New medical devices" refer to the kind of brand new product varieties which have not been available in the domestic market, or for which the safety, effectiveness and product mechanism have not been recognized domestically.The clinical trials of new medical devices of Class II and Class III can be conducted only after clinical trial approval by the relevant authority in accordance with the rules of the drug regulatory authority under State Council.New medical devices that have completed clinical trials and passed experts' evaluation and review organized by the drug regulatory authority under State Council, shall receive a new product certificate after being approved by the same organization.Article 8 The State shall implement a product registration system for the manufacturing of medical devices.Class I medical devices shall be inspected, approved and granted with a registration certificate by the drug regulatory authority of the government of the municipalities consisting of districts.Class II medical devices shall be inspected, approved and granted with registration certificates by the drug regulatory authorities of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government.Class III medical devices shall be inspected, approved and granted with registration certificates by the drug regulatory authority directly under the State Council.Clinical evaluation must be conducted for Class II and Class III medical devices before they are put into production.Article 9 The drug regulatory authorities of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government are responsible for the inspection and approval of the clinical trial or verification of class II medical devices in their own administrative regions. The drug regulatory authority under the State Council is responsible for the inspection and approval of clinical trial or verification of class III medical devices.Clinical trial or verification shall be conducted in the medical institutions designated by the drug regulatory authorities of the government at provincial level and above. The medical institutions shall conduct the clinical trial or verification, in accordance with the related provisions of the drug regulatory authority under the StateCouncil.The qualification of medical institutions engaged in the clinical trial or verification shall be certified by the drug regulatory authority, jointly with the health authority under the State Council.Article 10 Medical institutions may develop medical devices to serve their own clinical needs, and use them within their own institution under the guidance of licensed medical practitioners.Class II medical devices developed by medical institutions shall be inspected and approved by the drug regulatory authority of the government at provincial level and above. Class III medical devices developed by medical institutions shall be inspected and approved by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.Article 11 When importing medical devices into China for the first time, the agent of the imported device, should submit the instruction for use, quality standards, testing methods, other relevant information, product samples, and marketing authorization certificates issued by the manufacturing countries (regions), for inspection and approval by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, and receive an import product registration certificate before applying for customs formalities.Article 12 When applying for registration of medical devices, technical standards, testing report and other relevant information shall be submitted according to provisions of the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.The drug regulatory authority of the government of the municipality consisting of districts shall decide within 30 working days if the product can be registered, counting from the date of acceptance of the application. For those not approved for registration, a written explanation shall be given to the applicant.The drug regulatory authority of governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under central government shall decide within 60 working days if the product can be registered, counting from the date of acceptance of the application. For those not approved for registration, a written explanation shall be given to the applicant.The drug regulatory authority under the State Council shall decide within 90 working days if the product can be registered, counting from the date of acceptance of the application. For those not approved for registration, a written explanation shall be given to the applicant.Article 13 In case any situation reflected in the content of the registration certificate is changed, the holder of the certificate shall apply for an amendment of the certificate accordingly, or for re-registration within 30 working days from the change.Article 14 The term of validity for the registration certificate of medical devices is four years. The holder of the certificate shall apply for re-registration within six months before the certificate expires.When the manufacturing of a medical device is stopped continuously for more than 2 years, its registrationcertificate is automatically invalidated.Article 15 Medical devices manufactured shall meet the national standard, or professional standards when there are no relevant national standards available.National standards of medical devices shall be formulated jointly by the standardization authority and the drug regulatory authority under the State Council. Professional standards of medical devices shall be formulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.Article 16 The instruction for use, label and package of medical devices shall comply with relevant standards or provisions in China.Article 17 The registration number of a medical device shall be marked on the product itself and the external package according to the provisions of the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.Article 18 The State implements a system of re-evaluation and obsolescence for medical devices, the details of which shall be formulated by drug regulatory authority under the State Council after consulting with other related authorities under the State Council.Chapter III Administration of Production, Distribution and Useof Medical DevicesArticle 19 Enterprises manufacturing medical devices shall meet the following conditions:1. Possess professional technical personnel required for the manufacture of its medical devices;2. Possess facility and environment required for the manufacture of its medical devices;3. Possess equipment required for the manufacture of its medical devices;4. Possess an establishment or personnel and equipment for quality testing required for the manufacture of its medical devices.Article 20 Establishment of manufacturing of class I medical devices, requires that the enterprise file a record with the drug regulatory authority of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the central government.Establishing manufacturing of class II and/or class III medical devices, requires inspection and approval by the drug regulatory authorities of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, who will then issue a Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License. The industrial and commercial authority shall not issue a business license to enterprises which have not received a Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License.The term of validity of the Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License is 5 years. Upon expiration,re-inspection and license renewal shall be conducted. Implementation details shall be formulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.Article 21 Medical device manufacturing enterprises shall not start manufacturing products before obtainingthe manufacturing enterprise license.Article 22 The State implements a mandatory safety certification system for certain class III medical devices.A specific product list shall be established by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, jointly with the quality and technology supervision authority.Article 23 Enterprises distributing medical devices shall meet the following conditions:1. Possess appropriate facility(s) and environment for the kind of medical devices to be distributed;2. Possess appropriate quality inspection personnel for the kind of medical devices to be distributed;3. Possess adequate ability for technical training, maintenance and after-sales services for the kinds of medical devices to be distributed;Article 24 Establishing of distribution of class II and/or class III medical devices, requires that the enterprise file a record with the drug regulatory authority of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the central government.Establishing an enterprise distributing class II and/or class III medical devices, requires inspection and approval by the drug regulatory authorities of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, who will then issue a Medical Device Distributing Enterprise License. The industrial and commercial authority shall not issue a business license to enterprises which have not received a Medical Device Distributing Enterprise License.The term of validity of the Medical Device Distribution Enterprise License is 5 years. Upon expiration,re-inspection and license renewal shall be conducted. Implementation details shall be formulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.Article 25 The drug regulatory authority of governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under central government shall decide within 30 working days whether the licenses for manufacturing or distributing enterprises of medical devices can be issued, counting from the date of acceptance of the application. When a license is not issued, a written explanation shall be given to the applicant.Article 26 Distribution enterprises and medical institutions shall purchase qualified medical devices from enterprises having a Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License or Medical Device Distribution Enterprise License, and shall verify the certificates of qualified products.Distribution enterprises shall not distribute medical devices without registration certificates or certificates for qualified products, or medical devices which are beyond their expiry dates, of compromised effectiveness, or obsolete.Medical institutions shall not use medical devices without registration, or certificate for qualified products, or medical devices which are beyond their expiry dates, of compromised effectiveness, or obsolete.Article 27 Medical institutions shall not re-use medical devices labeled for single use, shall destroy them after use and establish a record, according to relevant provisions of the country.Article 28 The State shall establish a quality incident reporting system and a warning system of medical devices. Implementation details shall be stipulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, in conjunction with the health authority and family planning authority under the State Council.Chapter IV Supervision of Medical DevicesArticle 29 The drug regulatory authorities of governments at county level and above shall appoint medical device monitors within their organization, who are responsible for the supervision and inspection of medical device manufacturing enterprises, distribution enterprises and medical institutions within their own administrative regions. When necessary, monitors may take product samples and ask for relevant materials according to the provisions promulgated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council. Institutions and individuals concerned shall not decline cooperation or be deceitful in the monitoring process. The monitors shall be responsible to keep collected samples and materials confidential.Article 30 The State implements an accreditation system for the qualification of the testing institutions of medical devices. Only testing institutions accredited by the drug regulatory authority in conjunction with the quality and technical supervision authority under the State Council may conduct medical device test.Medical device testing institutions and their staff members shall keep strictly confidential all technical information provided by enterprises whose products are being tested, and shall not conduct or be involved in research and development, manufacture, distribution and technical consultation related to the devices tested.Article 31 For products having caused or which may potentially cause quality incidents, the drug regulatory authority of the governments at county level and above shall have the right to check, seal up and detain them together with materials related.Article 32 The drug regulatory authority of the governments at provincial level and above shall revoke the registration certificates of medical devices of which safety and effectiveness can not be ensured. Medical devices whose registration certificates have been revoked shall not be manufactured, distributed and used. Those already produced or imported shall be dealt with by the drug regulatory authority of government at county level and above.Article 33 The drug regulatory authorities of the government of the municipality consisting of districts and above, which perform product registrations in violation of these regulations, shall be ordered by the drug regulatory authority under the state council to correct the violations within a defined period. For those not corrected within the period, the product registration certificates may be revoked and the events may be made public.Article 34 Advertisements of medical devices shall be reviewed and approved by the drug regulatory authority of governments at provincial level and above, and shall not be published, broadcasted, circulated or posted before the approval.The contents of the advertisements shall be based on the instruction for use approved by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council or the drug regulatory authority of the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.Chapter V PenaltiesArticle 35 In cases of manufacturing medical devices without product registration certificates, in violation of provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an order to stop the production, confiscate all of the illegally manufactured products and related illegal income. Additionally, in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB10 thousand yuan, a fine of 3 to 5 times the total sum of the illegal income shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB10 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB10 thousand yuan to RMB30 thousand yuan shall be imposed; in serious cases, the drug regulatory authorities of the governments at the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall revoke the Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 36 In cases of manufacturing class II and class III medical devices without a Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License, in violation of these regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an order to stop the production, confiscate all of the illegally manufactured products and their illegal incomes. Additionally, in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB10 thousand yuan, a fine of 3 to 5 times of the total sum of the illegal incomes shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB10 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB10 thousand yuan to RMB30 thousand yuan shall be imposed; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 37 In cases of manufacturing medical devices not in conformity with national standards or professional standards for medical devices, in violation of provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an warning, followed with an order to stop the production, confiscate all of the illegally manufactured products and their illegal incomes. Additionally, in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of 2 to 5 times of the total sum of the illegal incomes shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB 5 thousand to 20 thousand yuan shall be imposed; in serious cases, the product registration certificates shall be revoked by the authorities originally issued the certificates; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 38 In cases of Distribution of class II and class III medical devices without a Medical Device Distributing Enterprise License, which violates provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an order to stop the production, confiscate all of the illegally manufactured products and their illegal incomes. Additionally, in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of 2 to 5 times of the total sum of the illegal incomes shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB 5 thousand yuan to RMB 20 thousand yuan shall be imposed; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 39 In cases of distributing medical devices without registration certificates or certificate for qualified products, or medical devices which are beyond their expiry dates, of compromised effectiveness, or obsolete, or purchasing medical devices from enterprises without Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License or Medical Device Distributing Enterprise License, which violates provisions of these Regulations, the drugregulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an order to stop the distribution, confiscate all of the illegally distributed products and their illegal incomes. Additionally, in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of 2 to 5 times of the total sum of the illegal incomes shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB 5 thousand to 20 thousand yuan shall be imposed; in serious cases, the Medical Device Distributing Enterprise License shall be revoked by the authorities which originally issued the license; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 40 In cases where false certificates, documents, materials, or product samples are submitted in registration applications, or obtaining medical device registration certificates are obtained using other deceitful means, which violate provisions of these Regulations, the product registration certificates shall be revoked by the authorities which originally issued the certificates, and within a period of two years, other product registration applications of the violating enterprise shall not be accepted. Additionally, a fine of RMB 10 thousand to 30 thousand yuan shall be imposed; for enterprises already started manufacturing, all of the illegally manufactured products and their illegal incomes shall be confiscated; in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB10 thousand yuan, a fine of 3 to 5 times of the total sum of the illegal incomes shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB10 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB 10 thousand to 30 thousand yuan shall be imposed; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 41 Violation of Article 34 of these Regulations concerning provisions for advertisement of medical devices shall be dealt with by the industrial and commercial authority according to relevant laws and regulations of the country.Article 42 In cases of Medical institutions using medical devices without registration certificates or certificate for qualified products, or medical devices which are beyond their expiry dates, of compromised effectiveness, or obsolete, or purchasing medical devices from enterprises without Medical Device Manufacturing Enterprise License or Medical Device Distributing Enterprise License, which violate provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an order for correction, launch a warning, and confiscate all of the illegally used products and illegal incomes. Additionally, in case the illegal incomes exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of 2 to 5 times of the total sum of the illegal incomes shall be imposed; in case there are no illegal incomes or the illegal incomes do not exceed RMB 5 thousand yuan, a fine of RMB 5 thousand to 20 thousand yuan shall be imposed, and person(s) in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall receive disciplinary punishment; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 43 In cases of medical institutions re-using devices for single use, or not destroying devices which should be destroyed, which violates provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at county level and above shall issue an order for correction and launch a warning, and may impose a fine of RMB 5 thousand to 30 thousand yuan; in serious cases, the medical institutions may be applied with a fine of RMB 30 thousand to 50 thousand yuan, and person(s) in charge and other directly responsible personnel be applied with disciplinary punishment; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liabilities shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 44 In cases in which medical institutions undertake clinical trials or clinical verifications of medicaldevices and provide false reports, which violates provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at provincial level and above shall issue an order for correction and launch a warning, and may impose a fine of RM B 10 thousand to 30 thousand yuan;in serious cases, the qualification for clinical trial or clinical verification of medical devices shall be terminated, person(s) in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall receive disciplinary punishment; an d in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to the law.Article 45 For cases in which testing institutions and their personnel are found to be conducting or involved in research and development, manufacturing, distribution and technical consultation of medical devices which are related to the testing, or establishing false testing reports, which violates provisions of these Regulations, the drug regulatory authority of governments at provincial level and above shall issue an order for correction and launch a warning, and may impose a fine of RMB 10 thousand to 30 thousand yuan; in serious cases, the qualification for testing shall be terminated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, person(s) in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be receive disciplinary punishment; and in case crimes are committed, criminal liability shall be investigated and handled according to law.Article 46 In cases where personnel engaged in supervision and administration of medical devices abuse their power, pursue personal benefits by deceiving, or neglecting their duties, in violation of provisions of these Regulations, to the extent to which crimes are committed, criminal liabilities shall be investigated and handled according to the law. For those not committing crimes, disciplinary punishment shall be applied according to the relevant regulations.Chapter VI Supplementary ProvisionsArticle 47 Provisions governing non-profitable contraceptive devices shall be formulated separately by the drug regulatory authority in conjunction with other relevant authorities under the State Council.Article 48 These Regulations shall come into force from April 1, 2000.。

英国医疗器械法规

英国医疗器械法规

英国医疗器械法规(实用版)目录1.英国医疗器械法规简介2.英国医疗器械法规的分类3.英国医疗器械法规的执行机构4.英国医疗器械法规的法规要求5.英国医疗器械法规的合规方式6.英国医疗器械法规的违规处罚7.我国医疗器械企业在英国市场的应对策略正文【英国医疗器械法规简介】英国医疗器械法规是指在英国境内生产、销售和使用的医疗器械所需遵守的相关法律法规。

这些法规旨在确保医疗器械的安全性、有效性和质量,以保护公众的健康和安全。

【英国医疗器械法规的分类】英国医疗器械法规主要分为以下几类:1.欧盟指令:英国作为欧盟成员国,需遵守欧盟有关医疗器械的指令,如欧盟医疗器械指令(MDD)和欧盟主动植入式医疗器械指令(AIMDD)等。

2.英国法规:英国政府根据欧盟指令制定了一系列国内法规,如《医疗器械法规》(The Medical Devices Regulations,简称 MDR)和《主动植入式医疗器械法规》(The In-vitro Diagnostic Medical Device Regulations,简称 IVDR)等。

3.标准和指南:英国标准协会(BSI)等机构发布了一系列医疗器械相关的标准和指南,如 BS EN ISO 13485《医疗器械 - 质量管理体系 - 要求和指南》等。

【英国医疗器械法规的执行机构】英国医疗器械法规的执行机构主要包括:1.英国药品和保健产品监管局(MHRA):负责医疗器械的监管,包括产品注册、上市后监管、合规检查等。

2.英国标准协会(BSI):负责医疗器械标准的制定和推广。

3.英国国家医疗服务体系(NHS):负责医疗器械在国家医疗服务体系中的采购和使用。

【英国医疗器械法规的法规要求】英国医疗器械法规对医疗器械的生产、销售、使用等方面提出了一系列要求,包括:1.注册:大部分医疗器械需要在 MHRA 进行注册,部分高风险医疗器械还需通过认证机构的认证。

2.合规评估:医疗器械企业需进行合规评估,确保产品符合法规要求。

医疗器械各国认证要求

医疗器械各国认证要求

医疗器械各国认证要求医疗器械的认证要求在各个国家都有所不同,以下是世界上一些主要国家的医疗器械认证要求的简要介绍。

美国FDA(美国食品药品监督管理局)是世界上最为严格的医疗器械监管机构之一,其认证要求主要包括注册、产品分类、临床试验、质量管理和生产标准等方面。

在美国市场上销售的医疗器械必须经过FDA的严格审查和认证。

欧盟医疗器械认证要求由欧盟医疗器械指令(Medical Device Directive,简称MDD)规定,目前已更新为欧洲医疗器械规例(Medical Device Regulation,简称MDR)。

该认证要求包括技术文件、风险评估、临床评估、质量管理体系、CE标志等。

加拿大的医疗器械认证要求由加拿大医疗器械局(Health Canada)负责监管,认证要求类似于美国的FDA要求,主要包括许可证申请、类别规定、质量管理等。

日本的医疗器械认证要求由日本医疗器械及药品局(PMDA)负责监管。

其认证要求包括产品注册、技术文件、临床试验、质量管理等方面。

中国医疗器械认证要求由中国国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)负责监管,包括产品注册、技术文件、临床试验、质量管理等方面。

在中国市场上销售的医疗器械必须经过NMPA的认证才能上市。

除了上述几个国家,其他国家也有各自的医疗器械认证要求。

一般来说,医疗器械的认证要求主要包括技术文件、风险评估、临床试验、质量管理体系等方面。

此外,一些国家还有特殊要求,如巴西要求经过INMETRO认证,澳大利亚要求经过TGA认证等。

医疗器械的认证要求的目的是保证医疗器械的安全性、有效性和质量,保护公众的健康和安全。

因此,医疗器械制造商在进入国际市场时,需要了解并遵守目标市场的认证要求,并积极参与认证过程,确保产品符合相关标准和法规的要求。

欧洲不同分类医疗器械认证要求

欧洲不同分类医疗器械认证要求

欧洲不同分类医疗器械认证要求欧洲分为不同的类别来认证医疗器械,根据欧洲医疗器械法规(Medical Device Regulation, MDR)的规定,医疗器械的分类主要根据其风险级别和使用目的来确定。

根据MDR的分类规定,医疗器械被分为四个不同的类别:1. 一类医疗器械(Class I Medical Device): 这类器械具有最低的风险级别,包括非主动性医疗器械、不侵入性医疗器械和低风险侵入性医疗器械。

这类器械通常不需要进行独立的认证,但需要符合一定的欧盟标准和规定。

2. 二类医疗器械(Class IIa/IIb Medical Device): 这类器械具有中等风险级别,包括一些活动性的医疗器械、侵入性医疗器械和医疗诊断装置等。

这类器械需要进行CE认证,以证明其符合欧盟的安全和性能要求。

3. 三类医疗器械(Class III Medical Device): 这类器械具有高风险级别,包括一些植入性医疗器械和高风险诊断装置等。

这类器械需要进行CE认证,以证明其符合欧盟的安全和性能要求,并且可能需要进行更严格的审查和评估。

4. 特殊类医疗器械(Special Class Medical Device): 这类器械通常用于管理或治疗罕见的疾病,具有特殊的技术特征和高度的风险。

这类器械需要进行CE 认证,以证明其符合欧盟的安全和性能要求,同时还需要获得欧盟委员会的特别许可。

除了以上的分类认证要求外,欧洲还对医疗器械的生产过程和质量管理系统有着严格的要求,生产商需要遵守ISO 13485质量管理系统的规定,并且需要依据欧洲的要求进行产品的临床评估和市场监测。

需要注意的是,以上的分类和认证要求仅为一般性说明,具体的认证要求可能根据不同的医疗器械种类和规格有所不同。

生产商在进行医疗器械认证前应仔细研究和了解相关的欧洲法规,并根据具体情况进行相应的操作。

中国医疗器械产品获得美国FDA认证全攻略

中国医疗器械产品获得美国FDA认证全攻略

中国医疗器械产品获得美国FDA认证全攻略美国食品和药物管理局(Food and Drug Administration简称FDA)隶属于美国卫生部,是由美国国会和联邦政府授权,专门从事食品、药品、化妆品、生物制品、医疗器械、具辐射电子产品管理的机构。

FDA的职责是通过实施美国《联邦食品、药品和化妆品法》、《公平包装和标识法》、《公众健康服务法》、《医疗器械安全性法规》、《医疗器械修正案》等法律法规,确保美国市场上所有的食品、药品、化妆品和医疗器械等对人体安全有效。

进口商品和美国国内产品同样必须符合美国FDA的相关法律要求。

我国每年有大量医疗器械产品因不符合FDA相关规定和要求而被拒绝进口,产品滞留海关、被罚没或被强制返运,给国内出口和生产企业带来巨大的经济损失。

为此,了解FDA关于医疗器械的要求和规定,对于促进企业医疗器械产品出口美国具有积极的意义。

1 美国关于医疗器械的定义、分类和分级1.1 医疗器械的定义在美国,医疗器械的种类有数千种之多,小到隐形眼镜、医用手套、手术刀、按摩器、心脏起搏器、体温表、电热垫、压舌片、轮椅等,大到B超机、洗肾机、螺旋CT机等各种专业医疗器械。

凡与医疗保健有关,而非药品的产品皆属医疗器械的范畴。

《联邦食品、药品和化妆品法》201(h)节对“医疗器械”(Medical Device)的定义为:“仪器、设备、工具、机械、装置、植入物、体外用试剂,或其它相似或相关物品,包括组件、零件或附件。

所有这些:——为《美国国家处方集》或《美国药典》或它们的增补件中所认可;——预期用于人或动物疾病或其它症状的诊断,或用于疾病的治疗、缓减、处理或预防,或者——预期影响人体或动物的身体结构或任何功能,但不通过体内或体表的化学作用,不依赖代谢来达到其预期目标”。

符合以上定义的产品都被看作医疗器械,这类产品要在美国市场销售就必须得到FDA认可。

根据以上定义,医疗器械作为维护健康的产品,不包括旨在通过在人体内外的化学反应或是新陈代谢治疗疾病的产品;通过化学反应或是新陈代谢发挥作用的产品是药品。

中文版Medical Devices Regulations SOR98-282

中文版Medical Devices Regulations SOR98-282

医疗器械监督管理条例(Medical Devices Regulations)SOR/98-282食品和药品法总督会同行政局在卫生部长的建议,根据第3(3),30(1)及37(1)一个食品和药品法,特此所附的医疗器械监督管理条例。

一个资深大律师 1993年,。

34,。

73注册1998年5月7日医疗器械法规释义(1)本节中的定义适用于本条例。

“法”是指食品和药品法“。

(LOI)“有源器件”指的是医疗装置,其由人体或重力产生的能量以外的能量的源操作取决于。

发送或提取能量或物质没有大幅改变的能量或物质或从病人的医疗设备,是不是有源器件。

(ACTIF仪器)“积极的诊断装置”是指一个有源器件,无论是单独使用或与其他医疗装置的组合,目的是提供信息的目的的检测,监测或治疗的生理条件下,健康,疾病或先天性畸形的状态。

(ACTIF仪器diagnostique)“活性治疗装置”是指一个有源器件,无论是单独使用或与其他医疗装置的组合,目的是支持,修改,替换或恢复的生物学功能或结构的目的,治疗或缓解疾病或损伤或生病或受伤的症状。

(ACTIF仪器thérapeutique)“条形码”是指一个独特的条形码符号的通用产品代码(UPC),健康产业商业通信委员会(HIBCC)或欧洲商品编码(EAN),分配到一家医疗设备制造商。

(代码A巴雷斯)“人体孔口”指自然开口或在体内,如气孔永久人造开口。

(孔杜队)“中央心血管系统”是指心脏,心包,肺静脉,肺动脉,心静脉,冠状动脉,颈总动脉,脑动脉,头臂动脉,主动脉,下腔静脉,肾动脉,髂动脉和股动脉。

(SYSTEME cardiovasculaire中央)“中枢神经系统”是指脑,脑膜,脊髓和脑脊液。

(SYSTEME nerveux中央)“闭环系统”,在医疗设备方面,是指一个系统,使设备的感知,解释和治疗的医疗条件,无需人工干预。

(SYSTEME 单布克勒fermée的)“专利专员”,是指根据“专利法”第4(1)委任的专利专员。

世界各国资料医疗器械法规

世界各国资料医疗器械法规

世界各国资料医疗器械法规1. 美国医疗器械法规在美国,医疗器械的市场准入和监管主要由美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)负责。

FDA对医疗器械的监管分为三个类别:类似于风险的信息保护级别最高的III类医疗器械;II类医疗器械,其风险较高但仍可以通过特定的性能标准进行管理;I类医疗器械风险最低,一般会根据通用要求进行管理。

在FDA监管下,所有经营医疗器械的企业都需要获得设备制造商许可证(MDEL),并且设备必须符合FDA的质量管理系统(QMS)要求。

2. 欧洲医疗器械法规在欧洲,医疗器械的市场准入和监管主要由欧洲医疗器械指令(Medical Device Directives)管理。

然而,欧盟正在逐步实施新的医疗器械法规(Medical Device Regulation),这将取代现有的指令。

根据欧洲医疗器械指令,医疗器械分为四个分类:I类、IIa类、IIb 类和III类。

每个分类都有相应的规定和要求,以确保医疗器械的安全性和有效性。

在欧洲,需要对医疗器械进行CE认证,以示符合欧洲标准,并获得CE标志。

CE认证的过程包括符合适用的欧洲标准、进行技术文档评估等。

3. 中国医疗器械法规中国的医疗器械法规主要由国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)负责监管。

医疗器械根据风险等级分为三类:I类、II类和III类。

根据中国的法规,医疗器械需要获得医疗器械注册证书才能在市场上销售和使用。

获得注册证书的医疗器械还需要定期进行质量监督抽查和跟踪评估,以确保其安全性和有效性。

此外,中国还对医疗器械广告进行了限制和管理,要求医疗器械广告不得夸大疗效、不得诱导患者使用,必须符合真实情况。

4. 日本医疗器械法规日本的医疗器械法规由医疗器械部(前身为医疗器械管理厅)负责。

根据《医疗器械法》,医疗器械根据风险等级分为四个类别:I类、II 类、III类和IV类。

在日本,医疗器械需要获得医疗器械许可证才能在市场上销售和使用。

获得许可证的医疗器械还需要进行定期检查和报告。

体外诊断a类b类c类d类标准

体外诊断a类b类c类d类标准

体外诊断a类b类c类d类标准体外诊断IVDR法规是欧盟对体外诊断医疗器械的法规,IVDR是In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Regulation的缩写。

IVDR法规于2017年发布,并于2022年5月26日正式生效,取代了之前的体外诊断IVDD(In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Directive)指令。

根据IVDR法规,体外诊断设备根据其风险级别和预期用途分为四类,分别是A类、B类、C类和D类。

以下是对这些类别的简要解释:1. A类体外诊断设备:属于低风险的体外诊断设备,用于检测常规参数,如血液计数器、尿液分析仪等。

A类设备通常由制造商自行声明符合IVDR法规的要求,不需要进行第三方评估。

2. B类体外诊断设备:属于中低风险的体外诊断设备,用于检测病原体、遗传性疾病等。

B类设备需要进行欧盟委员会认可的第三方评估,也称为评审。

评审机构将评估设备的技术文件,确保其符合IVDR法规的要求。

3. C类体外诊断设备:属于中高风险的体外诊断设备,用于检测自体血液成分、新型病原体等。

C类设备需要进行欧盟委员会认可的第三方评估,以确保其符合IVDR法规的更严格要求。

4. D类体外诊断设备:属于高风险的体外诊断设备,用于重大公共卫生事件、严重遗传性疾病等。

D类设备需要进行欧盟委员会认可的第三方评估,并需要由欧洲委员会进行授权。

这些设备的评估要求非常严格和复杂。

IVDR法规对体外诊断设备的分类规则旨在确保这些设备在欧洲市场的安全性和有效性。

根据设备的不同风险级别,制造商需要遵循相应的评估程序和要求,获得欧盟的CE认证,以合法销售和使用其产品。

同时,IVDR法规还强调了对临床性能评估、质量管理和技术文档等方面的更严格要求,以提高体外诊断设备的质量和性能。

医疗器械各国认证要求

医疗器械各国认证要求

医疗器械各国认证要求引言:医疗器械是现代医学发展中不可或缺的一部分,它们在诊断、治疗和康复等方面发挥着重要作用。

然而,在不同国家和地区,对于医疗器械的认证要求可能存在差异。

本文将介绍几个主要国家的认证要求,帮助读者更好地了解和应对国际医疗器械市场。

一、美国认证要求:美国是全球医疗器械市场的重要一环,其认证标准和要求十分严格。

美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)负责监管医疗器械市场,并要求医疗器械经过严格的预市场审查和后市场监管。

在获得FDA批准前,医疗器械必须通过一系列测试和评估,如安全性和有效性试验、质量管理体系审核等。

此外,还需要进行临床试验,并申请510(k)或PMA(前瞻性医疗器械评估)。

二、欧洲认证要求:欧洲医疗器械市场以其严格的认证要求而闻名。

欧洲联盟(EU)对医疗器械的监管建立在医疗器械指令(Medical Device Directives)和医疗器械监管法规(Medical Device Regulation)的基础上。

根据要求,医疗器械必须根据其风险等级进行分类,并获得相应的CE认证。

不同的风险等级需要满足不同的技术规范和质量管理要求,如ISO 13485质量管理体系。

三、中国认证要求:中国是全球最大的医疗器械市场之一,其认证要求也在逐步完善和提高。

国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)负责医疗器械市场的监管和认证工作。

根据《医疗器械监督管理办法》等法规,医疗器械的生产企业必须获得医疗器械生产许可证,并按照GB/T 19001-2016(ISO 9001)和YY/T 0287-2017(ISO 13485)等标准建立和实施质量管理体系。

四、日本认证要求:日本医疗器械市场对于医疗器械的认证要求十分严格。

日本医疗器械和供应品安全中心(PMDA)是负责监管医疗器械的机构。

根据《医疗器械再评价指南》,医疗器械必须通过临床试验、风险管理和质量管理等多个环节的评价。

此外,针对高风险和高新技术的医疗器械,还需要通过特殊的认证程序,如优先受理和加速审评。

2024年医疗设备实验室管理条例英文版

2024年医疗设备实验室管理条例英文版

2024年医疗设备实验室管理条例英文版2024 Medical Equipment Laboratory Management Regulations1. Purpose and ScopeThese regulations outline the management requirements for medical equipment laboratories in 2024.2. Definitions- Medical equipment: Devices used for medical purposes, including diagnostic, therapeutic, and monitoring equipment.- Laboratory: Facility where medical equipment is tested, calibrated, and maintained.3. LicensingAll medical equipment laboratories must obtain a license from the relevant regulatory authority to operate.4. Facility Requirements- Laboratories must be equipped with necessary tools and equipment for testing medical devices.- Adequate space and ventilation must be provided to ensure safety and accuracy in testing.5. Personnel- Qualified and trained personnel must be employed to conduct tests and maintain equipment.- Regular training and certification programs must be provided to ensure staff competency.6. Testing Procedures- Standardized testing procedures must be followed to ensure consistent and reliable results.- Testing protocols must be documented and easily accessible for reference.7. Quality Control- Laboratories must implement quality control measures to monitor the accuracy and reliability of testing.- Regular audits and inspections must be conducted to ensure compliance with regulations.8. Record Keeping- Detailed records of all testing activities, results, and equipment maintenance must be maintained.- Records must be kept confidential and stored in a secure manner.9. Reporting- Test results must be reported accurately and promptly to relevant stakeholders.- Any deviations or abnormalities in test results must be documented and reported to management.10. Compliance- Laboratories must comply with all applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards.- Non-compliance may result in fines, suspension of license, or other penalties.11. AmendmentsThese regulations may be amended as necessary to reflect changes in technology or industry best practices.12. EnforcementRegulatory authorities have the power to enforce these regulations and take appropriate action against non-compliant laboratories.13. Effective DateThese regulations will come into effect on January 1, 2024.14. ConclusionThe 2024 Medical Equipment Laboratory Management Regulations aim to ensure the quality and reliability of medical device testing through standardized practices and compliance with regulatory requirements.。

加拿大医疗器械法规cmdr -回复

加拿大医疗器械法规cmdr -回复

加拿大医疗器械法规cmdr -回复加拿大医疗器械法规CMDR介绍加拿大医疗器械法规CMDR(Canadian Medical Devices Regulations)是为确保加拿大市场上销售的医疗器械的安全和有效性规定的一套法规。

该法规是根据加拿大食品和药物法(Food and Drugs Act)制定的,旨在保护加拿大公众的健康和安全。

一. 医疗器械分类根据CMDR法规,医疗器械分为不同的类别,不同类别的器械符合不同的法规要求。

加拿大根据美国FDA的医疗器械分类制度,将医疗器械分为四个类别:一类、二类、三类和四类。

1. 一类:一类医疗器械是最低风险的器械,例如体温计和高级听诊器等。

对于一类医疗器械,只需要注册但不需要进行预市场审查。

2. 二类:二类医疗器械是中等风险的器械,例如血糖监测仪和电子血压计等。

对于二类医疗器械,需要进行预先市场批准(premarket approval)或产品证明(product license)。

3. 三类:三类医疗器械是高风险的器械,例如植入式心脏起搏器和人工心脏瓣等。

对于三类医疗器械,需要进行预先市场批准,且需要更严格的技术和临床评估。

4. 四类:四类医疗器械是新技术、新材料或新应用的器械,例如基因测序仪器和新型药物输注泵。

对于四类医疗器械,需要进行更严格的技术和临床评估,并且需要进行专家评审。

二. CMDR法规要求根据CMDR法规,销售医疗器械在加拿大市场上需要满足以下要求:1. 安全与有效性要求:销售的医疗器械必须符合安全和有效性要求,不能危害公众的健康。

2. 风险管理:销售商需要进行风险评估和风险管理,确保医疗器械的使用风险最小化。

3. 临床评估:对于二类及以上的医疗器械,需要进行临床评估,以确保其安全和有效性。

临床评估需要提供相关的临床数据和研究结果。

4. 资料要求:销售商需要提供详细的技术文件和临床评估报告,以支持其医疗器械的安全和有效性。

5. 实施质量管理系统:销售商需要建立和实施质量管理系统,以确保其医疗器械的制造质量和安全性。

Medicaldeviceregulation–whatFDAdoeswhenit…医疗器械监管–FDA所做的时候…

Medicaldeviceregulation–whatFDAdoeswhenit…医疗器械监管–FDA所做的时候…
Sentinel Event: Infant Abduction Objectives:
• Describe the preparedness training and precautions for infant security • Describe the response and support needed for an infant abduction • Describe the steps taken to heal the workforce post an infant abduction • Describe the balance of a safe environment while maintaining your mission and values
Lessons learned…..this could really happen!
12
Education and Preparedness • May 2012 held an Infant Security Summit for UPMC hospitals • FBI presented on infant abductions • Identified the profile of an abductor • Reviewed all Infant Security plans and tried to identify best practices • Installation of more cameras across the facility
10
Education and Preparedness
• February 2012 conducted a table top drill:
– – – – FBI Local police Internal media Multidisciplinary team of hospital staff and providers

Medical device regulation – what FDA does when it

Medical device regulation – what FDA does when it

Subcommittee
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Structure & Membership
Security- Responsible for data collection and analysis. Central repository for all infant protection issues. Works to immediately identify root cause of security breech, disruption or downtime.
• Review practices, processes and procedures to identify areas of improvement.
4
Why a Task Force?
• “Work at working together”
• Small group of people (usually managers) and resources brought together to accomplish specific objectives, with the expectation that the group will persist to look at trends and future endeavors
13
Education and Preparedness
• May 2012 held an Infant Security Summit for UPMC hospitals
• FBI presented on infant abductions • Identified the profile of an abductor • Reviewed all Infant Security plans and tried to

美国FDA医疗器械相关法规

美国FDA医疗器械相关法规

美国FDA医疗器械相关法规美国有关医疗器材管理的法令主要有下列三项:*1938年的联邦食品药物及化妆品法(The Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act of 1038, 简称FD&C Act of 1938)。

此法案在1938年之后有三次重大修正,分别为:‧1976年医疗器材修正案(The Medical Device Amendments of 1976, 简称the 1976 Amendments)‧1990年安全医疗器材法案(The Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990, SMDA)‧1992年医疗器材修正案(The Medical Devices Amendments of 1992, 简称the 1992 Amendments)*公共保健服务法(Public Health Service Act)*包装与标示法(Fair Packaging and Labeling Act)1938年的FD&C Act禁止粗制滥造及不当包装的医疗器材销售到市场上,1976 修正案大幅度修正相关条文,授权FDA对所有医疗器材在上市前进行严格管制,以确保其功效性及安全性,这些管制措施包括分类(classification)、上市前通知(premarket notification)、上市前许可(premarket approval)、临床试验用医疗器材管制(Investigational Device Exemption)、优良制造规范(Good Manufacturing Practice)以及上市后监督(Postmarket Surveillance)等,同时也强化FDA对上市后产品的管辖权,如维修、汰换、回报、记录及特定产品的行销等,特别是对制造商的品质系统要求(GMP),使美国对医疗器材的管制更加完整。

1990年修正案的重点有:医疗器材伤害报告(medical device report)、永久植入式、支持或维持生命用器材的追踪管理、器材设计变更、上市后监督(postmarket surveillance)、罚金、召回,并在要求FDA修改GMP条文,增加设计管制(design control)的要求。

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Objectives of the Infant Security Task Force
• Reduce the probability of incidents resulting in harm to or abduction of an infant from the hospital.
• Identify and analyze vulnerabilities and implement reasonably appropriate safeguards to reduce the number of reportable incidents.
• Understand the unique role each business has in the overall effort. Bring together the subject matter experts to dissect issues and look at trends
• Make recommendations to the Security
• Scenario was an infant abduction with shooting of a nurse by an estranged FOB.
• Conflicting response teams:
– Condition C rapid response team – Bronze alert (active shooter response) – Infant Abduction Response
law enforcement command • Engage media relations immediately • Keep in mind multiple events may be occurring (i.e.
Bronze Alert)
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Quality – Routine Checks
• Infant abduction drills are completed quarterly • Infant security task force meets prior to drill
– Discuss past scenarios – Areas of weakness – Test “new” features/upgrades – Test new departments response – Work off past incidents – Review past drill scenarios – Doors stayed open/mom and infant off the unit – Test staff involvement/response and capability of
• Standardize the test to reduce errors • Test tags against one door/exit, rotate exits • Test all components of the system monthly
10
Infant Abduction Drills
8
Response Plan
• Ensure all staff know their roles/assignments – Create a response matrix
• Law Enforcement notification process • Activate the command center and interface with
• Is most likely compulsive; most often relies on manipulation, lying, and deception. The police characterized abductor as a ‘pathological liar’ and scam artist with an ability to con just about anybody.
Information Systems- Responsible for software/hardware, continuity of operations and servers
7
Infant Security Plan
Components of the Plan:
• Identification • Patient Visitation • Infant/Mother Control • Infant Safety Acknowledgement Statement • Access Control and Security Devices • Education • Infant Security System Alarm Response Procedure • Abduction Response Plan • System Outage Procedures
Clinical- Responsible for processes tied to infant protection • Identification • Admit/Discharge • Patient Instructions
6
Structure & Membership
Facilities- Responsible for physical assets integrated into the infant program • Doors • Locks • Warning devices/Alarms • Elevators
• Weekly test of a calibrated tag and random sampling – minimum of 5 tags or 10% of inventory
• Two trained staff members are needed with the ability to communicate with each other
13
Education and Preparedness
• May 2012 held an Infant Security Summit for UPMC hospitals
• FBI presented on infant abductions • Identified the profile of an abductor • Reviewed all Infant Security plans and tried to
2
Sentinel Event: Infant Abduction
Infant Security Task Force - Purpose
Through partnerships, the Infant Security Task Force is dedicated to providing a safe and secure environment that protects our infants, builds trust and enhances the quality of the infant protection program. The task force works both formally and informally to identify issues and concerns and to collectively problem solve.
system – Test downtime procedures
11
Education and Preparedness
• February 2012 conducted a table top drill:
– FBI – Local police – Internal media – Multidisciplinary team of hospital staff and providers
the role of the hospital staff • Gained an understanding of communication issues • Understanding of how to manage multiple events
and response plans
Lessons learned…..this could really happen!
Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC
July 17, 2013 3:00 pm ET
1
Sentinel Event: Infant Abduction
Objectives:
• Describe the preparedness training and precautions for infant security
Leadership for Sentinel Events: Infant Abduction at Magee-Womens Hospital of
UPMC
Leslie C. Davis President
Maribeth McLaughlin, RN, BSN, MPM Chief Nursing Officer & Vice President, Patient Care Services
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Education and Preparedness
Purpose of the Drill • Built relationships with local law enforcement and
FBI • Understanding of the role of law enforcement and
identify best practices • Installation of more cameras across the facility
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