2020届天津市南开中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案

2020届天津市南开中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Personal Time Off(PTO)is something my wife and I created after having kids. We learned that，over time，a full life can leave little time for personal rest and for reflection，hanging out with friends，or just being“off. ”So，after a number of years，we make a change. If I can persuade you to take your own PTO，then these might help.
■Schedule it
First of all，one of our favorite family sayings is“schedule it. ”Sounds easy enough，but life gets complicated managing full-time work and full-time family. Put yourPTO time on the calendar and you make it a real thing.
■Be flexible and strict
If you can schedule PTO at the same time each week，then all the better. Because our calendar can get rather full，flexibility in scheduling becomes a necessity. But being strict in actually taking the time each week is more important. Skipping it once makes it easier to skip again.
■Take enough time
My typical PTO lasts a couple of hours or longer. Sometimes it might be half the day depending on what I’m doing. The goal is to spend enough time away to1et your shoulders drop.
■Do what you want to do
Remember，PTO time is about personal time to do what you want to do，not what you have to do. PTO time is about relaxation. Grab a friend and get a beer. Work can wait until tomorrow.
1.What can be the first step to take the PTO?
A.Persuade the family.
B.Have a personal rest.
C.Ask friends for advice.
D.Make a time plan.
2.What does the underlined part“let your shoulders drop”probably mean?
A.Get you more focused.
B.Have you feel relaxed.
C.Shake your shoulders often.
D.Make you feel more stressed.
3.What does the text mainly talk about?
A.Tips on how to take your time off
B.Skills to manage work and family
C.Advice on how to free yourself
D.Ways of scheduling your work
B
When you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk — because the weight of your body pushes into the sand. Turns out, the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) — and it makes it such that it’s continuously driving up a very shallow hill.
Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at M.I.T. and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved — and green-house gases avoided — by simply stiffening (硬化) the nation’s roads and highways. And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nation’s roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades — enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context — that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 you’d spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground — or by growing seven billion trees — for a decade.
The results are in the Transportation Research Record.
As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (沥青).
This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, you’re talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people — as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements. That’s just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting (翻新) our streets and highways —those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.
4. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach” in paragraph 1?
A. To present a fact.
B. To make a contrast.
C. To explain a rule.
D. To share an experience.
5. What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?
A. Hardening the road.
B. Keeping oil in the ground.
C. Growing trees for decades.
D. Improving the transportation.
6. What is the advantage of this suggestion?
A. Gaining more support.
B. Consuming less money.
C. Involving more people.
D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.
7. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?
A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.
B. Those agencies will change some related policies.
C. Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.
D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.
C
One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees(猩猩)is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.
Last year, we began inviting musicians to perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope toresumein the near future.
This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimps to investigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, like Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart.
29- year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes, but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Receiving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.
We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpanzees Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we presented the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not
believe our eyes — this usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore something new!
To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We are honored to be part of their journey.
8. Why do chimpanzees respond differently to new enrichment?
A. They are of different genders.
B. They have natural curiosities.
C They are as intelligent as humans. D. They have their unique characters.
9. What does the underlined word “resume” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Continue.
B. Suspend.
C. Monitor.
D. Regulate.
10. Who showed the least interest in the piano?
A. Buttercup and Clarisse.
B. Emma.
C. Precious.
D. Luke.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. How caregivers care for the retired chimpanzees.
B. What care staff do to enrich chimpanzees' daily life.
C. How chimpanzees are trained through various enrichment.
D. What Project Chimps does to observe and study wild chimps.
D
Surfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.
The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”
“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.
According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software toblocktheir employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”
However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.
12. What does the University of Melbourne study mainlyshow?
A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.
B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.
C. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.
D. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.
13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?
A. Watching videos.
B. Reading online news.
C. Reading online novels.
D. Playing online games.
14. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A. stop
B. organize
C. protect
D. separate
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.
B. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.
C. Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.
D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times itseems too difficult and too far out of reach.___16___Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___17___Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you willfeel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures.___18___You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response?＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.___19___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.___20___Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Back starting from my fourth grade, I was in low spiritsfor about four and a half years. I never really had any___21___during that time. My only one had just___22___at the end of third grade. What was worse, I felt___23___as my dog and my cat had just died. It almost seemed as if my life was slowly___24___for me. I always felt___25___, with no one and not even my family to talk to. I didn’t think they knew what I was___26___. It was a really___27___time for me. I’d always___28___my feelings and just put a nice, fake smile for them. That’s all they___29___, right?
During the end of my seventh-grade year, I started to make a friend or two. That’s when my depression (消沉)state started___30___. But I was still___31___myself, calling myself fat or ugly, and my friends knew this. They tried their bestto help and it did___32___in some ways but not fully. It was a___33___that I found what I was___34___: music. I found this song called “Beautiful”. There was one line that said, “You are beautiful in every single way. Yes words can’t bring you down.” I now___35___that we are all beautiful and no guy or girl can tell us otherwise.___36___, some people can’t see that.
Now I___37___believe that even a song can___38___a person’s life just because of the lyrics (歌词)you hear.
I just hope they find this___39___and listen to it. I also hope it has the same___40___it had on me when I was suffering.
21. A. friends B. holidays C. ideas D. troubles
22. A. walked away B. moved away C. run away D. driven away
23. A. hopeless B. breathless C. helpful D. comfortable
24. A. continuing B. ending C. beginning D. passing
25. A. angry B. confident C. regretful D. lonely
26. A. learning B. accepting C. experiencing D. expecting
27. A. hard B. free C. great D. wonderful
28. A. express B. hide C. hurt D. share
29. A. ordered B. tried C. wanted D. suggested
30. A. going up B. looking round C. dying out D. dying down
31. A. behaving B. praising. C. disliking D. ignoring
32. A. disappear B. exist C. work D. suffer
33. A. surprise B. question C. sign D. relief
34. A. missing B. wondering C. following D. developing
35. A. insist B. doubt C. admit D. realize
36. A. Importantly B. Naturally C. Sadly D. Happily
37. A. fiercely B. strongly C. briefly D. regularly
38. A. change B. save C. control D. take
39. A. motto B. song C. lesson D. voice
40. A. effect B. chance C. choice D. feeling
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
As the COVID-19 epidemic (流行病) continues to spread____41.____(global), young people in China care for the well-being of their young friends across the world and are trying to deliver messages of love and care in____42.____(variety) ways now.
As a partof the project “We Are Always Together in Weal and Woe”, a new program has recently been launched by China Soong Ching Ling Foundation,____43.____has collected 85 letters____44.____(write) by
students from 17 middle schools in Beijing to young people in pandemic-stricken (疫情重创下的) countries. These letters are shown____45.____the form of sand paintings and have been made into a series of short____46.____(video) titled A Letter to Friends.____47.____project “We Are Always Together in Weal and Woe” is hosted____48.____supported by China Soong Ching Ling Science & Culture Center for Young People. More works____49.____(produce) by Chinese young people in the near future, aimed_____50._____(send) support and blessings to more countries.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（■），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

After supper, Li Hua came and asked me go and see the film with him. In our way to the cinema we saw a little girl sitting by the roadside cry. We bring her a cake to stop her crying. But when we asked where she had lived, she said she didn’t know. So we took her to the police station and asked the police to take care of her. After this, we went to the cinema, but when we got there, the movie was near at its end. Though we missed the movies, we did a good deed. We felt very happily.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

A water bearer had two large pots, each hung on each end of a pole which he carried across his neck. One of the pots had a crack in it, and while the other pot was perfect and always delivered a full portion of water at the end of the long walk from the stream to the master's house, the cracked pot arrived only half full.
For a full two years, this went on daily, with the bearer delivering only one and a half pots full of water in his master's house. Of course, the perfect pot was proud of its accomplishments, perfect to the end for which it was made. But the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its own imperfection and miserable that it was able to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do.
After two years of what it perceived to be a bitter failure, it spoke to the water bearer one day by the stream.
"I am ashamed of myself, and I want to apologize to you". The bearer asked, "Why? What are you ashamed of? " The pot replied, "For these past two years I am able to deliver only half of my load because this crack in my side causes water to leak out all the way back to your master's house. Because of my flaws, you don't get full value for your efforts".
The water bearer felt sorry for the old cracked pot, and in his compassion, he said, "As we return to the master's house, I want you to notice the beautiful flowers along the path." As they went up the hill, the old cracked pot took notice of the sun warming the beautiful wild flowers on the side of the path, and this cheered it somewhat. But at the end of the trail, it still felt bad because it had leaked out half its load, and so again it apologized to the bearer for its failure.
Paragraph 1:
“Did you notice that there were flowers only on your side of your path, but not on the other pot's side? ” The bearer said to the pot.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
We're all cracked pots and each of us has our own unique flaws.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. D
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32.
C 33. A 34. A 35.
D 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. A
41. globally
42. various
43. which 44. written
45. in 46. videos
47. The/This
48. and 49. will be produced
50. to send
51.(1).在me和go之间加to；(2).the→a；(3).In→On；(4).cry→crying；(5).bring→brought；(6).去掉had；
(7).this→that；(8).near→nearly；(9).movies→movie；(10).happily→happy
52.略。