2020年上海松江区九亭中学高二英语期末试卷含解析

2020年上海松江区九亭中学高二英语期末试卷含解析
一、选择题
1. Being an employee is a great way how a business works so that you can open a business of your own.
A. of learn
B. learning
C. to learning
D. to learn
参考答案：
D
略
2. After the fierce competition, the students were taken to their camp, _____ they would rest for next round．
A．where B．who C．which D．what
参考答案：
A
3. Teddy looked _____ at his broken model plane and felt ________.
A. sadly; sadly
B. sad；sadly
C. sadly; sad
D. sad；sad
参考答案：
C
4. The number of people who visit the mainland from Taiwan is ________ the increase.
A．on B．in
C．at D．of
参考答案：
A
句意：从台湾来大陆参观的人数不断增加。

on the increase“在增加”。

5. Ninety percent of the work been done.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
参考答案：
C
6. —Have you understood what he really means?
—___________.
A. Now and then
B. More or less
C. From time to time
D. Here and there
参考答案：
B
【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。

句意：- --你理解他真正地意思了吗？---差不多理解了。

A .Now and then时而; B .More or less差不多; C. From time to time不时; D .Here and there到处。

B .More or less“差不多”符合句意。

故选B项。

7. ——We shall take the condition _____you’ve attached to this project into careful consideration.
—— Thanks a lot.
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. what
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查定语从句。

句意：我们将仔细考虑你们附加在这个项目上的条件。

分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为the condition，指物，关系词在从句中作attached 的宾语，故C项正确。

8. Advertisement put pressure _______ girls to keep thin.
A. at
B. on
C. of
D. with
参考答案：
B
9. Suddenly, a tough-looking guy seized the girl and took her away, ______into the woods.
A disappeared
B disappearing
C to disappear
D having disappeared
参考答案：
B
考查分词作状语。

突然，一个可怕的家伙抓住那个女孩离开，消失在树林里。

分词作状语在此处做伴随，故用B。

10. With a lot of problems_______,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D.being settled
参考答案：
C
11. —I am going to have a job interview tomorrow morning.
—Well，________
A．have a good time! B．I'm happy to hear that.
C．good luck! D．congratulations!
参考答案：
C
12. Honesty is a kind of quality and that’s it takes to communicate with others successfully.
A. why
B. what
C. how
D. which
参考答案：
B
13. Your sister is said ______ in the super market when she was doing shopping yesterday.
A. to be treated badly
B. treating badly
C. being badly treated
D. to have been badly treated
参考答案：
D
14. _____ housework did the mother have to do that she had no time to go shopping.
A. So little
B. Too much
C. Too little
D. So much
参考答案：
D
15. Sam, in every way, has handled the challenge,_____ his friend_____how he’s achieved success in spite of the difficulties.
A. overcome; by
B. overcoming; with
C. impressed; by
D. impressing; with
参考答案：
D
试题分析：考查动词和介词。

句意：山姆全面的解决了这个问题，他排除万难获得成功，这使他的朋友们印象很深，impress sb with sth使某人印象深刻，动词与主语之间是主动关系，故选D项。

考点：考查动词和介词
16. ________ we stand; ________ we fall.
A. United ; divided
B. United ; dividing
C. Uniting ; dividing
D. Uniting ; divided
参考答案：
A
【考点】考察分词做状语
本句中考察的是分词做条件状语，动词unite团结，divide分裂与句子的主语we构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词在句中做状语。

United=If we are united如果我们被团结在一起；divided=If we are divided如果我们被分裂。

句义：团结，我们就会成功；分裂，我们就会失败。

故A正确。

17. July the 13th，200l _______ a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade from memory．
A. contradicted
B. distributed
C. witnessed
D. substituted
参考答案：
C
略
18. ______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships．A．No mater what B．No matter which C．Whatever D．Whichever
参考答案：
D
19. —The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—? But I promise you we’ll look into it right away.
A. Who says
B. How come
C. What for
D. Why worry
参考答案：
B
二、单词拼写
20. We need more ________ (家具) to decorate every room in our new house.
参考答案：
furniture/furnishings
三、阅读理解
21. Modern lifestyles are generally quite different from those of our hunter-gatherer ancestors, a fact that some claim as the cause of the current rise in global obesity, but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy expenditure(耗费) of modern hunter-gatherers and Westerners, casting doubt on this theory.
The research team behind the study, led by Herman Pontzer of Hunter College in New York City, along with David Raichlen of the University of Arizona and Brian M. Wood of Stanford measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population of traditional hunter-gatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania. Despite spending their days hiking long distances to seek for wild plants and game, the Hadza burned no more calories each day than adults in the U.S. and Europe. The team ran several analyses accounting for the effects of body weight, body fat percentage, age, and gender. In all analyses, daily energy expenditure among the Hadza hunter-gatherers was indistinguishable(难以区分的) from that of Westerners. The study was the first to measure energy expenditure in hunter-gatherers directly; previous studies had relied entirely on estimates.
These findings overturn the long-held assumption that our hunter-gatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure. Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates are ly constant among human populations. This in turn supports the view that the current rise in obesity is due to increased food consumption, not decreased energy expenditure.
It means we have more to learn about human physiology(生理学) and health, particularly in non-Western settings.
"These results highlight the complexity of energy expenditure. It's not simply a function of physical activity," says Pontzer.” Our metabolic rates may be more a reflection of our shared evolutionary past than our diverse modern lifestyles."
12．According to the new research, hunter-gatherers consume _________.
A．the same energy as Westerners B．more energy than Westerners
C．less energy than Westerners D．the same food as Westerners
13．How did the research team do the new research?
A．By comparing hiking distances. B．By identifying wild plants and game.
C．By estimating daily energy expenditure. D．By measuring daily energy expenditure.
14．People have long assumed that _________.
A．the rise in obesity is due to increased food consumption
B．decreased energy expenditure makes Westerners fat
C．daily energy expenditure stays the same in history
D．humans’ habitual metabolic rates are unchanged
15．Which of the following can reflect our shared evolutionary past?
A．Our physiology activity. B．Our energy expenditure.
C．Our metabolic rates. D．Our modern lifestyle.
参考答案：
12． A
13． D
14． B
15． C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现不同生活方式下日常的能量消耗相似，这表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致肥胖。

12．细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy expenditure(耗费) of modern hunter-gatherers and Westerners,”可知，研究结果发现现代的狩猎采集者和西方人的能量消耗没什么差别，故A项正确。

13．细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“…measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population of traditional hunter-gatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania.”可知，研究人员是通过测量每天的能量消耗进行研究的，故D项正确。

14．推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“These findings overturn the long-held assumption that our hunter-gatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure.”可知，研究结果挑战了长期以来西方人的肥胖是由于能量消耗减少的观点，由此可知，人们一直认为能量消耗的减少导致了西方人的肥胖，故B项正确。

15．主旨大意题。

通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates are ly constant among human populations.”可知，文章介绍了不同生活方式下日常能量消耗相似性表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致的肥胖，故C项（我们的新陈代谢）最能概括出全文内容。

【点睛】
文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度在于需要高度的概括性，因此抓住主题句中的关键词是关键，例如本篇第4题，根据第三段中的“Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates are ly constant among human populations.”可知，不同生活方式下日常能量消耗相似性表明人类
的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致的肥胖，关键词是“新陈代谢”，故C项最能概括出全文内容。

22. No one has enough, but everyone has all there is. We each have just twenty-four hours in a day. Time is not our problems, but what we do with the limited time we have is the issue. Many people spend their days on dozens of activities, but achieve very little because they aren’t concentrating on right things. The Pareto Principle, also known as
the 80:20 Rule shows us that typically eighty percent of unfocused effort generates only twenty percent of the results. The remaining eighty percent of the results are achieved with only twenty percent of the effort. To effectively manage your time, you need to change where you are spending your time. We all have the same amount of time every day. How you spend your time is how you spend your life. Here are time management strategies, which may be helpful.
Learn to say no
Politely say no should become a habit. Saying no frees up time for the things that are most important.
Make a “to-do” list
List the tasks that need to be done in order of their importance. Save other less important things for when you have time.
Minimize interruption(打扰) ks5u
Plan ahead. Think through projects. Look for ways to “block”interruptions. For exampl e, close your door, don’t answer the phone or work in a different space. Combine several activities
Try to do several activities at one time. While going to school, listen to taped notes. This allows up to an hour or two a day of good study review. While showering, make a mental list of the things. Above all, be creative, and let it work for you.
44. According to the Pareto Principle, we can know that _____. .
A. people can’t achieve a lot even though they concentrate on right things
B. people should focus more effort on right and important things and finish them first
C. people are certain to succeed if they spend twenty percent of their time
D. eighty percent of effort spent on one matter is useless
45. According to the passage, if you want to do several things on Sunday, you should
_____.
A. do them while listening to the music
B. do all of them at one time ks5u
C. do the most important one first
D. put some of them off till next Monday
46. The underlined word “block” in the passage means “_____”.
A. accept
B. prevent
C. arrange
D. defend
47.What would be the best title of the passage？
A. Time Management
B. The Pareto Principle
C. How to Make a “To-do” List
D. Time and Habits
参考答案：
BCBA。