高中英语语法综合练习题40题(答案解析)

高中英语语法综合练习题40题(答案解析)
1.The news that China's space program has made remarkable progress inspired many people. Which of the following is correct about the function of "that China's space program has made remarkable progress" in this sentence?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：D。

“that China's space program has made remarkable progress”在句中是同位语从句，解释说明“news”的具体内容。

主语从句在句中充当主语；宾语从句在句中充当宾语；表语从句在句中充当表语，而此句中该从句是对“news”的解释说明，是同位语从句。

2.In the novel, the question whether the hero will choose love or duty is a major plot point. What kind of clause is "whether the hero will choose love or duty"?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：A。

“whether the hero will choose love or duty”在句中充当主语，是主语从句。

宾语从句在句中充当宾语；表语从句在句中充
当表语；同位语从句是对名词的解释说明，此句中该从句是句子的主语，所以是主语从句。

3.The students are discussing the idea that everyone should do their part to protect the environment. What is the function of "that everyone should do their part to protect the environment"?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：D。

“that everyone should do their part to protect the environment”在句中是同位语从句，解释说明“idea”的具体内容。

主语从句在句中充当主语；宾语从句在句中充当宾语；表语从句在句中充当表语，而此句中该从句是对“idea”的解释说明，是同位语从句。

4.We are uncertain about what decision he will make. Which kind of clause is "what decision he will make"?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：B。

“what decision he will make”在句中充当介词“about”的宾语，是宾语从句。

主语从句在句中充当主语；表语从句在句中充当表语；同位语从句是对名词的解释说明，此句中该从句是宾语，所
以是宾语从句。

5.The belief that hard work leads to success is widely held. What role does "that hard work leads to success" play in this sentence?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：D。

“that hard work leads to success”在句中是同位语从句，解释说明“belief”的具体内容。

主语从句在句中充当主语；宾语从句在句中充当宾语；表语从句在句中充当表语，而此句中该从句是对“belief”的解释说明，是同位语从句。

6.She was curious about whether she had passed the exam. What kind of clause is "whether she had passed the exam"?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：B。

“whether she had passed the exam”在句中充当介词“about”的宾语，是宾语从句。

主语从句在句中充当主语；表语从句在句中充当表语；同位语从句是对名词的解释说明，此句中该从句是宾语，所以是宾语从句。

7.The fact that he is honest is known to all. What is the function of
"that he is honest"?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：D。

“that he is honest”在句中是同位语从句，解释说明“fact”的具体内容。

主语从句在句中充当主语；宾语从句在句中充当宾语；表语从句在句中充当表语，而此句中该从句是对“fact”的解释说明，是同位语从句。

8.We wonder what kind of person he is. Which kind of clause is "what kind of person he is"?
A.Subject clause
B.Object clause
C.Predicative clause
D.Appositive clause
答案解析：B。

“what kind of person he is”在句中充当动词“wonder”的宾语，是宾语从句。

主语从句在句中充当主语；表语从句在句中充当表语；同位语从句是对名词的解释说明，此句中该从句是宾语，所以是宾语从句。

9.The thought that we should help others is important. What role does
11.The song that we listened to yesterday is very beautiful.
that
which
who
whom
答案解析：that/which。

本题考查定语从句关系词。

先行词是song，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词可以用that 或which。

who 和whom 用于指人，不符合本题要求。

12.The movie which/that I watched last night was very exciting.
which
that
whose
whom
答案解析：which/that。

先行词是movie，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词可以用which 或that。

whose 表示所属关系，whom 用于指人，均不符合本题要求。

13.The man whose car was stolen is very angry.
who
whom
that
whose
答案解析：whose。

本题考查定语从句关系词。

先行词是man，后面的car 与man 是所属关系，即“那个人的车”，所以关系词用whose。

who 和whom 用于指人，但在从句中不能表示所属关系；that
在本题中不能表达所属关系。

14.The girl who/that is singing on the stage is very talented.
who
whom
which
that
答案解析：who/that。

先行词是girl，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词可以用who 或that。

which 用于指物，whom 用于指人但在从句中作宾语，不符合本题要求。

15.The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting.
which
that
who
whom
答案解析：which/that。

先行词是book，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词可以用which 或that。

who 和whom 用于指人，不符合本题要求。

16.The house whose roof is red is very beautiful.
who
whom
that
whose
答案解析：whose。

先行词是house，后面的roof 与house 是所属关系，即“那个房子的屋顶”，所以关系词用whose。

who 和whom 用于指人，that 在本题中不能表达所属关系。

17.The teacher who/that teaches us English is very kind.
who
whom
which
that
答案解析：who/that。

先行词是teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词可以用who 或that。

which 用于指物，whom 用于指人但在从句中作宾语，不符合本题要求。

18.The city which/that I visited last year is very modern.
which
that
who
whom
答案解析：which/that。

先行词是city，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词可以用which 或that。

who 和whom 用于指人，不符合本题要求。

19.The boy who/that is playing basketball is very handsome.
who
whom
which
that
答案解析：who/that。

先行词是boy，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词可以用who 或that。

which 用于指物，whom 用于指人但在从句中作宾语，不符合本题要求。

20.The park which/that we went to yesterday is very large.
which
that
who
whom
答案解析：which/that。

先行词是park，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词可以用which 或that。

who 和whom 用于指人，不符合本题要求。

21.If I were a bird, I ______ fly freely in the sky.
A.would
B.will
C.shall
D.should
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对现在情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（were），主句用“would + 动词原形”。

选项B、
C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

22.If he had studied harder, he ______ passed the exam.
A.would have
B.will have
C.shall have
D.should have
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对过去情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，主句用“would have + 过去分词”。

选项B、
C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

23.If it ______ rain tomorrow, we would go on a picnic.
A.wouldn't
B.didn't
C.doesn't
D.won't
答案解析：B。

本题考查虚拟语气中对将来情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（did）或“were to + 动词原形”或“should + 动词原形”，主句用“would + 动词原形”。

选项A、C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

24.If I had known the truth, I ______ made such a mistake.
A.wouldn't have
B.won't have
C.shan't have
D.shouldn't have
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对过去情况的假设。

if 引导
的条件句用过去完成时，主句用“would have + 过去分词”的否定形式。

选项B、C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

25.If she were here now, she ______ help us solve this problem.
A.would
B.will
C.shall
D.should
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对现在情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（were），主句用“would + 动词原形”。

选项B、
C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

26.If they ______ come tomorrow, we would be very disappointed.
A.didn't
B.don't
C.won't
D.wouldn't
答案解析：B。

本题考查虚拟语气中对将来情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（did）或“were to + 动词原形”或“should + 动词原形”，主句用“would + 动词原形”。

选项 A 是过去时，不符合本题语境；选项C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

27.If I had a magic wand, I ______ make all the problems disappear.
A.would
B.will
C.shall
D.should
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对现在情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（had），主句用“would + 动词原形”。

选项B、
C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

28.If he ______ more careful, he wouldn't have had the accident.
A.had been
B.were
C.would be
D.should be
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对过去情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，主句用“would have + 过去分词”。

选项B、
C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

29.If it ______ possible, I would travel to the future.
A.were
B.is
C.will be
D.would be
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对现在情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用一般过去时（were），主句用“would + 动词原形”。

选项B、
C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

30.If they had listened to me, they ______ in trouble now.
A.wouldn't be
B.won't be
C.shan't be
D.shouldn't be
答案解析：A。

本题考查虚拟语气中对现在情况的假设。

if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，主句用“would + 动词原形”的否定形式。

选项B、C、D 不符合虚拟语气的用法。

31.The players, determined to win, trained hard every day. “determined to win”在句中作什么成分？
A.宾语
B.定语
C.状语
D.表语
答案解析：C。

“determined to win”在这里是形容词短语作状语，表示伴随状态，说明球员在努力训练的同时有着决心要赢的状态。

32.In the sports report, the athlete mentioned having trained for months before the competition. “having trained”在句中作什么成分？
A.主语
B.宾语
C.定语
D.状语
答案解析：B。

“mentioned”后面接动名词短语“having trained for
months”作宾语，表示提到做过某事。

33.The new technology, expected to revolutionize the industry, was showcased at the expo. “expected to revolutionize the industry”在句中作什么成分？
A.主语
B.宾语
C.定语
D.状语
答案解析：C。

这个短语作定语，修饰“new technology”，说明新技术被期望能给行业带来变革。

34.The coach encouraged the players to keep practicing hard. “to keep practicing hard”在句中作什么成分？
A.宾语补足语
B.定语
C.状语
D.表语
答案解析：A。

“encouraged”后面接“the players”作宾语，“to keep practicing hard”是不定式短语作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的动作。

35.The sports event, attracting thousands of spectators, was a great success. “attracting thousands of spectators”在句中作什么成分？
A.宾语
B.定语
C.状语
D.表语
答案解析：B。

这个现在分词短语作定语，修饰“sports event”，说明这个体育赛事吸引了成千上万的观众。

36.The athlete hopes to break the record in the next competition. “to break the record”在句中作什么成分？
A.主语
B.宾语
C.定语
D.状语
答案解析：B。

“hopes”后面接不定式短语“to break the record”作宾语，表示希望做某事。

37.The report on the new sports equipment focused on being innovative and practical. “being innovative and practical”在句中作什么成分？
A.主语
B.宾语
C.定语
D.表语
答案解析：D。

“focused on”后面接动名词短语“being innovative and practical”作表语，表示报告的重点在于具有创新性和实用性。

38.The sports star, known for his hard work and dedication, is an
inspiration to many. “known for his hard work and dedication”在句中作什么成分？
A.宾语
B.定语
C.状语
D.表语
答案解析：B。

这个过去分词短语作定语，修饰“sports star”，说明这位体育明星以努力工作和奉献精神而闻名。

39.The coach advised the team to start training early. “to start training early”在句中作什么成分？
A.宾语补足语
B.定语
C.状语
D.表语
答案解析：A。

“advised”后面接“the team”作宾语，“to start training early”是不定式短语作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的动作。

40.The sports magazine featured an article about athletes striving to achieve their dreams. “striving to achieve their dreams”在句中作什么成分？
A.宾语
B.定语
C.状语
D.表语
答案解析：B。

这个现在分词短语作定语，修饰“athletes”，说明运动员们在努力实现他们的梦想。