初中英语中考常考词汇拓展汇总

中考英语常考词汇拓展汇总
A
accept (v.) f refuse (反义词v.)拒绝
accident (n.) accidental (adj.)意外的；偶然的
achieve (v.) -^achievement (n.)成就；成绩
active (adj.) — activity (n.)活动
advantage (n.) disadvantage (n.反义词)缺点；不利条件
advice (n.) -^advise (v.)建议；劝告suggestion (n.同义词)劝告suggest (v.同义词)劝告；建议
agree (v.)— disagree (v.反义词)不赞成一agreement (n.)意见一致--disagreement (n. S. 义词)不赞成
art (n.) artist (n.)艺术家
Asia (n.)Asian (adj.)亚洲的；亚洲人的
Australia (n.) -*Australian (adj. &n.)澳大利亚(人)的；澳大利亚人
awake (adj.) -*-wake (v.)醒来—sleep (v.)睡觉 f asleep (adj. ) K 着的 f sleepy (adj.)困倦的
B
bad (adj.) -*• badly (adv.)差；严重地
beautiful (adj.) -^beautifully (adv.)美好地；漂壳地一beauty (n.)美；美丽
beauty (n.) -^beautiful (adj.)美丽的
begin (v.) — beginning(n.)开头；开端
behave (v.) behavior (n.)表现；举止
believe (v.)—believable (adj.)可信任的unbelievable (反义词adj.)难以置信的big (adj. )-*large/huge (同义词adj.)巨大的；大的-*small (反义词adj.)小的；小号的
birth(n.) birthday (n.)生日一bear (v.)出生-*born (过去分词)出生
bored (adj.) -*boring (adj.)令人感到厌倦的
borrow (v. )-*lend(反义词v.)借出；借给
break (n. &v.) —broken (adj.)破损的
building(n.) -*build (v.)建造
busy (adj.) business (n.)生意；商业一free (adj.反义词)空闲的
buy (v.) buying (现在分词)f bought (过去式)购买
C
care (v.) f careful (ad j.)小心的；细致的f careless (adj.反义词)粗心的；不小心的-••carefully(adv.)细小心地；谨慎地一caring (adj.)体贴人的
center (n.) -^central (adj.)中央的；中心的
cheaply (adv.) -*cheap (adj.)便宜的一expensive (反义词)贵的
child (n.) -^children (pl.)儿童
choice (n.) choose (v.)选择
clear (adj.) -^clearly (adv.)清晰地
climb (v.) climber (n.)登山者；攀登者
close (v.) —close (adj.)近的f closed (adj.)关着的
cloudy(adj.) cloud (n.)云
collect (v.)-*collection (n.)收藏品；收藏
comfortable (adj.)-^comfortably (adv.)舒适地；舒服地
communicate (v. )-*communication(n.)交流；沟通
compete (v.) competition (n.)竞争f competitor (n.) 竞争者
completely (adv.) —complete (v.)完成
congratulation (n.) -^congratulate (v.) 祝贺cook(v.)f cook (n.)厨师一cooker (n.)厨具correct (adj・)incorrect (反义i司)—correctly (adv.)正确地create (v.)—creative (adj.)有创造力的一creativity (n.)创造力cross (v.) -^across (adv. &prep ・)过; 穿过—crossing (n.)十字路「1
D
danger (n.) dangerous (adj.)有危险的；不安全的一safe (adj.反义词)安全的
day (n.) daily (adj.)每日的;日常的
decide (v.)— decision (n.)决定
depend (v.) dependence (n.)依靠；信赖一independence (反义词n.)独立independent (adj.)独立的；自主的
develop (v.) -^development (n.)发展；发育；成长
die(v.) death (n.)死；死亡-* dead (adj.)死的；失去生命的dying (adj.)垂死的
different (adj.) -^difference (n.)差别；差异;区别—differently (adv.)不同地—same (反
义词adj.)同一的；相同的
diff icult (adj.) diff iculty (n.)困难〜easy (adj.反义词)容易的
dig(v. )f dug (过去式)一dug (过去分词)
direct (adj・)~*indirect (反义i司adj・)「可接B勺f direction (n.) 方向；方位director (n.)导演；部门负责人
dirty (adj. )-► clean (adj.反义词)干净的
discuss (v.) discussion (n.) 讨论；商量
documentary (n.) document ar i es (pl・)纪录片•
E
early (adj.) -►earlier (kt较级)—earliest (最高级)-*late (反义词adj.)晚的easy (adj.) eas订y (adv.)容易地
educate (v.) education (n.)教育一educational (adj.)有教育意义的electronic (adj.) -^electronically (adv.)电子地；用电子方法encourage (v・)〜encouragement (n.)鼓励end (v.) fending (n.)结尾；结局energy (n.) -^energetic (adj.)有活力的；精力充沛的enjoy (v.) enjoyable (adj.)令人愉快的environment (n.) -^environmental (adj.)自然环境的；有关环境的especial (adj.) -* especially (adv.)尤其；特别；格外exam(n.) examination (n.同义i司)考试
excite (v. )-* exci ted (adj.)兴奋的;激动的 f excitement (n.)激动;兴奋-* exci ting (adj.) 令人激动的f excited (adj.)激动的
expensive (adj.) -*dear (同义词adj.)贵的-*cheap (反义词adj.)廉价的；便宜的express (v・)-^expression (n.) 表情; 表达方式
F
free (adj.同义词)有空的—^freedom (n.自山)
fail (v.) -^failure (n.)失败
fair (adj.) -^unfair (反义词adj.)不公正的：不合理的f fairness (n・)公正性;公平合理性
famous (adj.) well-known(I^J义词adj.)众所周知的；出名的
farm(!1・)农场〜farmer (n.)农民
fat (adj.) -*• thin (adj.反义词)瘦的
feel (v.)感觉到一feeling(n.)
few (adj.)-^fewer (adj.比较级)较少的；更少的一fewest (adj.最高级)最少的final (adj.) -*f inally (adv.)最后；最终in_the_end/at_last (同义短语) foot (n.) -*feet (pl.)脚；足foreign (adj.) foreigner (n.)夕卜国人
French (adj.) -^France (n.)法国
friend (n.) friendly (adj.)友好的 f unfriendly (adj.)不友好的friendship (n.) 友谊
G
gold(n. &adj.) golden (adj.)金子制的
good (adj.)/well (adv.)好；对；满意地-* better (比较级)best (最高级) graduate (v.) graduation (n.) 毕业
grow (v.) grew (过去式)一grown (过去分词)
H
happy (adj.) -*sad (反义词)一happiness (n.)高兴hard (adv.)努力一hardly (adv.)儿乎不harm (v.) harmful (adj.)有害的
health (n.)-*healthy (adj.)健康的f unhealthy (反义词adj.)不健康的heavily (adv.) -*heavy (adj.)重的-*•light (adj.反义词)轻的height (n.) —high (adj.)高的help (v.) —helpful (adj.)有用的;有帮助的helpless (adj.)无用的history (n.) —
historical (adj.)(有关)历史的—historian(n.)历史学家；历史工作者hungry (adj.)
hunger (n.)饥饿husband (n.) -*wife (n.对应词)妻子
I
ice (n.) -*• icy (adj.)冰冷的
ill (adj. )-*illness (n.)疾病；病-*sick(同义词adj.)有病的；生病的important (adj.) importance (n.)重要性；重要-^unimportant (反义词)不重要的improve (v.) improvement (n.)进步；发展include (v. )-* including (prep.) 包括在内
inside (adv. ftprep.) -*■ outside (反义词)在夕卜面
instruct (v.) instruction (n.)命令；指示；用法说明
interest (n. &v.)兴趣；爱好；对.... 感兴趣-^interesting (adj.)-* interested (adj.) 感兴趣的-
interview (v. &n.) — interviewer (n.)采访者introduce (v.) introduction (n.)介绍；说明introduce (v.)—■介绍introduction(n.) invent (v.) invention (n.)发明；
发明物inventor (n.)创造者；发明者invite (v.) invitation (n.) 邀请；请柬
K
keep (v.) keeper (n.)饲养员；保管人
kid (n.) -*kids (pl.)孩子
kind (adj.) kindness (n.) 仁慈；善良
know(v.) -* knew (过去式)-* known (过去分词)知道-* knowledge (n.)知识；学问
L
last (adj.) -^lastly (adv.) 最后laugh (v.) laughter (n.)笑声lay (v.)-laid (过去式)放置；下(蛋)-laid(过去分词)放置；下(蛋) lead (v.) leader (n.)领导；领袖
lie(v. )-* lay (过去式)-*lying(现在分词)躺
lie(v. )-*lay (过去式)平躺;处于flain(过去分词)平躺;处于little(adj. &adv. )~*less (Lt较级)f least (最高级) live (v.)生活—lively(adj.)生动的；活泼的；升级勃勃的
loudly (adv.) loud (adj.)响亮的;大声的一alive (adj.活着的)
luck (n. )-*lucky (adj.)幸运的-*luckily (adv.)幸运地；好运地-*• unlucky(反义词adj.)不幸的；不吉利的
M
make (v.) -*• maker (n.)制造者;生产者
manage (v.) — manager (n.)经营者；经理
marry (v.) -^married (adj.)结0昏白勺
mean (v.) — meaning (n.)意思；意义-^meaningful (adj.)意味深长的；有意义的f meaningless (反义词adj.)毫无意义的；
medicine (n.) —medical (adj.)医疗的；医学的
meet (v.)遇见f meeting(n.) 会议
memorize (v.) — memory (n.) 记忆；回忆
mix (v.) f mixture (n.)混合most (adj.)大多数―mostly (adv.)主要地
mouse (n.)— mice (复数)
music (n.) -*• musician (n.)音乐家—musical (adj.)音乐的；有音乐天赋的
N
nation (n.) -^national (adj.)国家的；民族的
nature (n.) -^natural (adj.)自然的
new (adj.) old (adj.反义词)I日的
noise (n.) -^noisy (adj.)嘈杂的;吵闹的一noisily (adv.)嘈杂地;吵闹地
normal (adj.) -^normally (adv.)通常；正常情况下
north (n.) northern (adj.)北方的；北部的
one(num.) —once (adv.)一次—first 第一
opening(n.) open (v・)开f open (adj.) JF着的f close (v•反义词)关上—closed 关闭的
organize (v.) -^organizer (n.) 组织者〜organization (n.) 组织
own (ad j・)一own (v.)拥有f owner (n.)拥有者
p
pain (n.)f painful (adj.)令人疼痛的
peace (n.) -►peaceful (adj.)和平的;安宁的
person (n.) personal (adj.)个人的；私人的
please (v.) —pleased (adj.)高兴的—pleasure (n.)高兴
polite (adj.) — impolite (反义词adj.)不礼貌的；粗鲁的f politely (adv.)有礼貌地pollute(v.) f pollution(n.)污染；污染物
poor (adj. )->rich(反义词)富有的
popular (adj.)-^popularity (n.)普及；受欢迎
possible (adj.) -*• impossible (反义词adj.)不可能的possibly (adv.)可能；也许prefer (v.)— preferred (过去式)〜preferred (过去分词)
prepare (v.) -^preparation(n.) 准备匸作; 准备
produce (v・)-^product (n.) 产品;
pronounce (v.) —pronunciation (n.)发音; 读音protect (v.) -^protection (n.)保护;
保卫proud (adj.) pride (n.)自豪；骄傲
really (adv.) -* real (adj.)真的一true (adj.同义词)真的
recent (adj.) -^recently (adv.)不久前；最近
relax (v.) —relaxed(adj.)放松的；自在的relaxing (adj.)使人放松的remaining
(adj. )-*remain(v.)保留；剩余
report (v.) -^reporter (n.) 记者
responsibility^.)-^responsible (adj.) 有责任心的
reuse (v.)—reusable (adj.)可重复使用的
run (v.) runner (n.)跑步者running (现在分词)-*ran (过去式)
S
sad (adj.) -^sadness (n.)悲伤；悲痛-*glad/happy (反义词adj.)高兴的
safe (adj.) safety (n.)安全一dangerous (adj.)危险的--danger (n.)危险
salt (n.) f salty (adj.)咸的
scarf (n.) scarves/scarfs (复数)
science (n.) scientific (adj.)科学的一scientist (n.)科学家
sell (v.) -* sale (n.)特价销售;出售
serious (adj.) -* funny (adj.反义词)易相处的
serve (v.) service (n.)月艮务
short (adj. )-*long (反义词adj.)长的tall (反义词adj.)高的
silence (n.) —silent (adj.)不说话的；沉默的
simple (adj.)—simply (adv.) 仅仅；只
sing (v.)—singer (n.)歌手
sleep (v.) -*• sleepy (adj.)困倦的；瞌睡的一asleep (adj.)睡着的-*•awake (反义词adj.) 醒着的
slow (adj.) slowly (adv.)慢地fast (adj.反义词)快的；迅速的
society (n.)—social (adj.)社会的
solution (n.)—solve (v.)解决；解答sometimes (adv.) -*at times (同义短语)有时south (n. & adj.) southern (adj.)南方的speak (v.) speaker (n.) 发言者spread (v.) spread (过去式)一spread (过去分词) steal (v.) stole (过去式)一stolen (过去分词) strange (adj.) -^stranger (n.) 陌生人stress (n.)—stressed(adj.)紧张的；焦虑不安的succeed (v.) success (n.)成功-* successful (adj.) 成功的—successfully (adv.) 成功地suddenly (adv.)—sudden (adj.)突然(的)
suggest (v.) suggestion (n.)建议
sheep (n.)f sheep (复数)
sun (n.) -*■ sunny (adj.)晴朗的sunshine (n.)阳光
surprise (n. &v.) surprising (adj.)令人吃惊的一surprised (adj.)感到惊讶的
T
teach (v.)—teacher (n.)教师taught (过去式/过去分词)
teenage (adj.) — teenager (n.)青少年
thank (v.)—thankful (adj.)感谢；感激thanks (n.)感谢；谢谢
thick (adj. )-*thin(反义词adj.)薄的；淡的
thin (adj.)-* thinner (比较级)一thinnest (最高级)
thirst (n.) thirsty (adj.) 口渴的;渴望的
though (conj.) -^although (conj.同义词)虽然；尽管，即使
tooth (n.) f teeth (复数)-*•toothache (n.)牙痛dentist (n.)牙医
tour (v.) —tourist (n.)旅行者;观光者traditional (adj.) tradition (n.)传统train (v.) -*• training (n.)训练；培训translate (v.) translation (n.)翻译travel (v.) travel er (n.)旅行者；旅客true (adj. )-* truly (adv.)真正;确实f truth (n.)事实；
真相type (n.) -^typical (adj.)典型的
U
understand (v.) -^understanding (adj.)善解人意的；体谅人的
up (adv.) -*down (反义词)向下
use (v.) —useful (adj.)有用的;有益的useless (adj.反义词)无用的
usual (adj.) —usual ly (adv.)通常地一unusual (反义词adj.)特别的；不寻常的
V
value (n. &v.)价值-* valuable (adj.)贵重的；宝贵的
visit (v.)—visitor (n.)访问者;游客
W
wake (v.) awake (adj.)醒着的一sleep (v.反义词)睡觉-*■ asleep (adj.反义词)睡着的warm (adj.) warmth (n.)温暖；暖和
waste (v.) -^wasted (adj.)浪费的
weak (adj. )-*strong (反义词adj.)强壮的
week (n.) weekly (adj. &adv.)每周的(地)
weigh (v.) weight (n.)重量
whether (conj.) -*weather (同音词n.)天气
wide (adj.) f widely (adv.)广泛地；普遍地
winner (n.) —win (v.)获胜；赢得
wise (adj.) -^wisely (adv.)聪明地；明智地
with (prep.) without (反义词prep.)没有；不(做某事)
wolf (n.) -*wolves (pl.)狼
windy (adj.) ― wind (n.)风
wood (n.) -*wooden (adj.)木制的；木头的
worry (n.) -^worried(adj.)担心的—nervous(同义词adj.)焦虑的;担忧的；惶恐的write (v.) wrote (过去式)—written (过去分词)-^writer (n.)作者。