外研版高考一轮复习必修4模块1 Life in the future

Module 1Life in the Future
[单词拼写应用]
核心单词
1．alternativeadj.替换的；供选择的
2．resourcen．(常作复数)资源
3．arrestvt.逮捕；拘留
4．limitn．(常作复数)范围
5．commandn．命令；指令
6．chargen．费用；价钱 free of charge免费
7．switch n．开关vi．交换；调换
8．shapevt.造成……形状
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．He hated being in the army because he had to obey commands(command) there.
2．Please make sure that all the lights are switched(switch) off at night.
3．Childhood experience often plays a big part in shaping(shape) one's character.童年经历往往在塑造一个人的性格方面起很大作用。

4．There were limits(limit) beyond which we could not go with all our friendship for her.我们对她的友谊是有限度的，我们不能超过这个限度。

5．The escaped prisoner got arrested(arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station.逃犯一出现在火车站就被逮捕了。

拓展单词
1．mudn．泥→muddyadj.泥泞的
2．crimen．罪；罪行→crimi naln．罪犯；犯人
3．predictvt.预言；预料→predictionn．预测
4．riskvt.& n．冒险→riskyadj.危险的；冒险的
5．relyvi．依赖；依靠→reliableadj.可依靠的；可依赖的
6．loadvt.装；装载→unloadv．卸载→uploadvt.上传→downloadvt.下载 be loaded with装有；载有
7．disablevt.使人丧失能力；使残疾→disabledadj.有残疾的；残废的→disabilityn．失去能力；残疾
8．attachvt.系；贴；连接→attachmentn．附件
9．optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的→optimismn．乐观主义
pessimistic悲观的----pessimism悲观主义
10．definiteadj.肯定的；确定的→definitely adv.无疑地；确定地
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．They predicted that there would be an earthquake but their prediction didn't come true.(predict)他们预言会发生地震，但他们的预言没有实现。

2．The little boy tried to save his sister from the river at the risk of his own life which is quite risky．(risk)这个小男孩冒着生命危险试图把妹妹从河里救出来，这是相当危险的。

3．Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help so your software must be reliable．(rely)现在我们越来越依赖计算机，所以你的软件必须是可靠的
4．It is bad manners to laugh at disabled people.Most of us may end up in disability．(disable)嘲笑残疾人是不礼貌的，我们中的大多数人可能最终会变成残疾人。

5．Don't forget to check that your attachment is actually attached to the e-mail.(attach)别忘了检查你的附件是否真的附在了邮件上。

6．Mary is an optimistic girl and she believes optimism can create miracles.(optimistic)玛丽是个乐观的女孩，她相信乐观能创造奇迹。

7．I definitely remember sending the letter and I'm definite about this.(definite)我绝对记得寄过这封信，对此我很清楚。

阅读单词
1．brickn．砖do hard manual work
2．concreten．混凝土
3．materialn．材料
4．solaradj.太阳的
5．urbanadj.都市的；城市的 rural乡村的
6．firevt.开火；启动
7．outdoors adv.户外
8．online adv.联机地
9．cataloguen．目录
10．recreationn．娱乐；消遣
11．powervt.供给动力
12．surgeryn．外科手术
13．clinicn．诊所
14．eventually adv.最后；终于
15．doormatn．门前擦鞋垫
拓展联想
1．“力量”种种
①power n．动力；权力②strength n．体力；气力
③force n．武力④energyn．精力⑤potential n．潜力
2.-ity后缀名词一览
①disability 失去能力；伤残②possibility 可能性
③equality 平等④reality 现实⑤nationality 国籍
3．“常见反义形容词”面面观
①optimistic 乐观的—pessimistic 悲观的
②concrete 具体的—abstract 抽象的
③positive 积极的—negative 消极的
④permanent 永久的—temporary 暂时的
⑤fragile 易碎的—solid 牢固的
[短语多维应用]
高频短语
1．for sure肯定地
2．run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了
3．rely on依靠；依赖
4．get rid of除掉；处理掉
5．look out小心；当心
[语境运用]选用左面短语的适当形式填空。

No one knows ①for sure what will happen in the future.I wonder what we will ②rely on when natural resources ③run out．What we can do now is to protect the environment by ④looking out for our own behavior.We should try to ⑤get rid of bad habits.Only in this way can we have a bright future.没有人确切地知道将来会发生什么。

我想知道当自然资源枯竭时，我们会依靠什么。

我们现在能做的是通过注意自己的行为来保护环境。

我们应该努力改掉坏习惯。

只有这样，我们才能有一个光明的未来。

6．place an order/orders订购
7．free of charge免费
8．use up用完
9．for a start首先
10．on the way out即将被淘汰；即将过时
[语境运用]选用左面短语的适当形式填空。

I hear that you have ⑥placed an order with a new type of smartphone.Here is my opinion.⑦For a start，with science and technology developing quickly，it will be ⑧on the way out soon.Besides，if you keep on spending money like this，you will soon ⑨use up all your money.听说你订购了一种新款智能手机。

我的意见是这样的。

首先，随着科学技术的迅速发展，智能手机很快就淘汰了。

此外，如果你继续这样花钱，你很快就会花光所有的钱。

拓展联想
1．“当心”短语全扫描
①look out 当心，注意②watch out 小心，提防
③take care 注意，小心④be careful 小心；细心⑤be cautious 小心
2.“首先”短语一览
①for a start ②first of all③above all④in the first place⑤to begin/start with
3．way短语大观园
①on the way out 即将被淘汰；即将过时
②on the way 在路上
③in the way 阻挡
④in a way 在某种程度上
⑤in no way 绝不
[句式结构仿写]
精讲5个考纲单词
1．alternativeadj.替换的；供选择的n．可能的选择；选择对象(1)单句语法填空
①Caught in the act，he had no alternative but to admit(admit)stealing.他被当场抓住，只好承认
偷窃。

②We could go to the Indian restaurant，or alternatively(alternative)，we could try that new Italian place. 我们可以去印度餐馆，或者去那个新的意大利餐馆。

(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
普通表达：We have to spare no effort to make full preparations for the coming College Entrance Examination.我们必须不遗余力地为即将到来的高考做充分的准备
高级表达：We have no alternative but to spare no effort to make full preparations for the coming College Entrance Examination.(alternative)
先理解再牢记
(1)have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择
(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地；或者
[名师点津]“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有：have no choice but to do sth.，can't do sth. but do sth.，can do nothing but do sth.等。

2．commandn．命令；指令；掌握；指挥；控制v．命令；指挥
(1)单句语法填空
①Mr.White was in command of that school，after Mr.Smith retired退休.
②The boss commanded him to finish(finish) some important work，but Henry forgot his command.命令
③The command was that the meeting room should be cleaned(clean) thoroughly彻底地.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
普通表达：The applicants are supposed to应该 be outgoing外向的 persons who know both Chinese and English well.
高级表达：The applicants are supposed to be outgoing persons who have a good command of both Chinese and English.(commandn．)
先理解再牢记
(1)in command of 指挥；控制
in/under the command of 由……指挥；由……控制
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
have a good command of 很好地掌握，精通
(2)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that...(should)do...命令……
[名师点津]下列动词后的名词性从句常用虚拟语气：一坚持 (insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要求(require，request，demand，desire)。

3．chargen．费用；价钱；主管；负责vt.收费；控诉；充电
(1)单句语法填空
①Thirdly，I wonder how much you will charge us for the six-week course.
②The traffic policeman charged the driver with speeding超速 and fined罚款 him $50.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
他不能掌管那家电脑公司，因为这超出了他的能力。

①He can't be in charge of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.
②He can't take charge of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.
③The computer company can't be in/under the charge of him because it is beyond his ability.
先理解再牢记
(1)take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge of 控制/管理……
in/under the charge of 受……的管理
free of charge＝for free 免费
(2)charge sb.for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb.with (doing) sth.＝accuse sb.of (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
[佳句背诵]Recently there has been a heated debate on whether the university should charge a fee to the public who use its sports field.最近，大学是否应该向使用其运动场的公众收取费用的问题引起了激烈的争论。

4．attachvt.系；贴；连接；把……固定；使附属；重视
(1)单句语法填空
①The boy is now studying in the middle school attached(attach) to the normal university师范附中.
②Parents should attach importance todeveloping children's good habits in life.父母们在生活中应该重视培养孩子的好习惯。

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
普通表达：He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant(逃课)．
①高级表达：Attached to the network games so much，he often plays truant.(过去分词短语作状语)
②高级表达：Attaching himself to the network games so much，he often plays truant.(现在分词短语作状语)
先理解再牢记
attach sth.to sth. 把……系到……上；使……和……相联系
attach oneself to sb./sth.依附于某人；参加某事
attach importance/significance to 认为……重要/有意义
be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于
[佳句背诵]Just as this sentence reveals，many of us teenagers attach much more
importance/significance to our phones than to our friends.正如这句话所揭示的，我们许多青少年对手机的重视程度比对朋友的重视程度要高得多。

5．shapevt.造成……形状；塑造n．形状；体形
(1)单句语法填空
①The children enjoy shaping the snow into figures of people and animals.
②I'm in pretty bad shape and I am always forgetting things.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级
①广州塔位于广州的市中心，是中国最高的塔。

The Canton Tower is located in the city centre of Guangzhou and is the highest tower in China.
②广州塔以火炬的形状而建。

The Canton Tower was built in the shape of a torch.
③用过去分词作状语和同位语从句连接①②句。

Located in the city centre of Guangzhou，the Canton Tower，the highest tower in China，was built in the shape of a torch.
先理解再牢记
(1)shape...into... 把……加工/塑造成……
(2)be in good/bad shape 情况良好/不佳
out of shape 变/走样；不成样子；身体不舒服，生病
in the shape of 某种形状的，呈……的形状
[佳句背诵](2017·江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures快速回顾成功和失败 at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
诠释2个核心短语
1．run out (某物)用完；不多了；没有了
(1)单句语法填空
①Mary was fond of running after every new fashion when she was young.玛丽年轻时喜欢追求每一种新时尚。

②I ran across/into an old friend of mine in the street，whom I haven't seen for years.我在街上遇到了一位多年不见的老朋友。

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
我的钱已花完了，因此我买不起这本书。

①My money has run out/has been run out of/has given out，so I can't afford to buy this book.
②I have run out of/used up my money，so I can't afford to buy this book.
先理解再牢记
(1)run out of 用完(及物动词短语)
use up 用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)
give out 用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)
(2)run across 偶然遇到
run into 撞上；偶遇
run away 逃跑
run after 追逐；追求
2．rely on 依靠；依赖；信任
(1)单句语法填空
Nowadays the children rely more on their parents to do/doing(do) everything for them.现在孩子们更多地依靠父母为他们做每件事。

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
你可以相信在你困难时我会帮助你。

(rely)
①You can rely on me to help you when you are in trouble.(不定式)
②You can rely on it that I'll help you when you are in trouble.(从句)
③You can rely on me/my helping you when you are in trouble.(动名词)
先理解再牢记
rely on sb.to do sth. ＝rely on sb./one's doing sth.依靠某人做某事
rely on it that... 相信……，指望……
[名师点津]下列句型中也要用it作形式宾语：depend on/see to it＋ that从句；appreciate it＋if从句；like/hate it＋ when从句。

突破2个高考句型
1．(教材P8)I'm too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future！我现在忙于享受生活没时间为未来担忧！
[句型公式]句中too ...to do sth.意为“太……而不能做某事”，是一个表示否定意义的句型。

(1)单句语法填空
①In my view，the problem is too difficult for her to solve(solve)．
②They seemed to be too nervous and were too anxious to leave(leave)．他们似乎太紧张了，急于离开。

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
玛丽学习太专注了，以至于没有听到外面的嘈杂声。

①Mary was too absorbed in her study to hear the noise outside.(too...to...)
②Mary was so absorbed in her study that she didn't hear the noise outside.(so...that...)
先理解再牢记
“too...to...”不同搭配下的不同含义：
(1)某些形容词与“too...to...”句型连用时，too (＝very) 表示肯定的意义。

这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad，pleased，surprised，delighted，happy，easy，willing，ready，eager，anxious等。

(2)too...to...结构和never或not连用时，表示肯定意义。

意为“无论……也不过分；越……越好”。

2．(教材P9)Not all predictions come true.不是所有的预言都能变为现实。

[句型公式]句中Not all ...为部分否定，意为“并非都……”，有时也可用“all ...not”表示。

(1)单句语法填空
①I agree with most of what you said，but I don't agree with everything．我同意你说的大部分，
但我不同意一切。

②He told me all pieces of the news，but none of them was very exciting.他把所有的消息都告诉
了我，但没有一条是非常令人兴奋的。

③Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。

①The truth is that not everyone is attaching importance to time management.(not everyone...)
②The truth is that everyone isn't attaching importance to time management.(everyone...not)
先理解再牢记
(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有
总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。

(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表否定意义的
词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。

[佳句背诵]It's impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because not all of them are fit for them.所有的申请者都不可能得到这份工作，因为不是所有的人都适合他们。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．While you have a good command of English you still need more practice.虽然你英语学得很好，但你还需要更多的练习。

2．I don't want to put all my money into the risky(risk) business.我不想把我所有的钱都投到有风险的生意上。

3．You may rely on it that Tom will come and help us if we are faced with a dilemma.如果我们进
退两难，你可以相信汤姆会来帮助我们。

4．Not many people agree with the government's prediction(predict) that the economy will improve.没有多少人同意政府关于经济会好转的预测。

5．We had intended to take a two-day trip but we were too busy to afford(afford) it.我们本打算去
旅行两天，但我们太忙抽不出空。

6．Not both of my parents are in favor of my idea of traveling around the world.我父母并不都赞成我环游世界的想法。

7．You can definitely(definite) save a lot of money by buying a cheaper one instead.你一定可以通
过买一个便宜点的来省很多钱。

8．I will be enjoying(enjoy) the warm sunshine in Hainan at this time tomorrow.明天这个时候我
将在海南享受温暖的阳光。

9．Short skirts are definitely on the way out now and longer ones are in fashion again.短裙现在肯
定要过时了，长裙又流行起来了。

10．She is deaf but refuses to let her disability(disable) prevent her from doing what she wants to do.她是聋子，但拒绝让她的残疾妨碍她做她想做的事。

Ⅱ.课文语法填空
根据P2教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

What will the city of the future look like？1．Making(make) predictions is a risky business.One thing is 2.that care for the environment will become very important as earth's 3．natural(nature) resources run out.However，there are plenty of things about city life in the future 4．which/that are not certain.Here are some ideas that young people create：
Everyone 5．will be given(give) a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.
Everyone will do 6．shopping(shop) and place orders online.
Doctors will carry out 7．operations(operation) from thousands of miles away and distance surgery 8.will become(become) common.
Senior citizens and people 9．with disabilities will be able to go anywhere using high-tech cameras 10.attached(attach) to their head.
Ⅲ.微写作
根据中英文提示完成一篇小作文。

1．随着自然资源变得越来越少，我们别无选择只有改掉所有浪费能源的行为。

(resource；have no alternative but to do；get rid of)
2．我们必须确切地知道我们应该做什么。

(for sure)
3．首先，开发利用可替代资源。

(alternative)
4．其次，我们可以用电、太阳能或风能为汽车提供动力。

(power)
5．无疑，如果每个人都重视节约能源，我们可以预测人类最终会有一个美好的未来。

(definitely；attach importance to；predict；eventually)
【参考范文】
As natural resources are getting rare，we have no alternative but to get rid of any practice that wastes energy.We must know for sure what we should do.First，alternative energy should be exploited.Second，cars should be powered by electricity，solar energy or wind power.Definitely if everyone attaches importance to saving energy，we can predict that human beings will have a wonderful future eventually.。