如何找对应句子

现在很多考⽣都知道做阅读题要到原⽂中间去找对应的句⼦。

可是究竟该如何找，怎样找？很多朋友还是在凭感觉。

我说过看得懂⽂章做不对题⽬的最主要原因就在于考⽣没有形成⾃⼰的解题思维，⽽是在凭感觉，凭读完短⽂后的印象在解题！为了培养出真正属于⾃⼰，能被⾃⼰驾御⾃如的解题思维，我把⾃⼰的⼀些经验在这⾥提出来，⼤家共勉：⾸先是根据出题顺序和⾏⽂顺序的⼀致性原则回到原⽂的⼤致位置，⼀般能定位到具体段落，如第N段。

然后再根据题⼲关键词和（或）选项中的关键词找出在⽂中的对应句⼦，⽐如第N段第N句。

这⾥的关键词定位具体来说有3种情况：1，只要根据题⼲关键词或信息就可以在原⽂找到对应句⼦；2，只要根据每个选项的关键词或信息在原⽂中找到与之⼀⼀对应的句⼦；3，既要根据题⼲关键词或者信息定位，⼜要根据每个选项信息才能找到对应句⼦。

以上三种情况要注意区分对待，详细的在考研狂⼈的内部资料⾥的真题详解中有列举。

什么是“关键词”呢？这个概念是为了便于⼤家找到对应句⼦⽽创设的，是前⼈所创，我对它的理解就是“关键词就是题⼲或者选项中的某个词或词组，它具有和原⽂中某个词或词组意思⼀致、相近或相反的特征，是可以帮助你回到原⽂找到命题⼈隐藏答案的词或词组。

”。

（起的是⼀个向导的作⽤，所以我觉得应该叫“向导词”更合适些！）这个关键词的寻找⾮常有价值，是你能否找对答案的关键所在！（这⾥的关键词包括：⼤写字母、表数字的词，表⽰时间、地点、⼈物的词等，有些题⼲和选项中的关键词只能在原⽂中找到该关键词的同义词或者反义词）。

下⾯以2004年TEXT 1 为例具体介绍找对应句⼦的⽅法：
Hunting for a job late last year， lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder， a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's "personal search agent". It's an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location， title， and salary， then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal， intellectual property， and Washington， D.C. Three weeks later， he got his first notification of an opening. "I struck gold，" says Redmon， who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company. With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet， finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon， career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria， for example， may work against you： "Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility." says one expert. For any job search，you should start with a narrow concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it. "None of these programs do that，" says another expert. "There's no career counseling implicit in all of this." Instead， the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database； when you get E-mail， consider it a reminder to check the database again. "I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me，" says the author of a job-searching guide. Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite's agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service， for example， it includes only three potential jobs — those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database； job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them — and they do. "On the day after we send our messages， we see a sharp increase in our traffic，" says Seth Peets， vice president of marketing for CareerSite. Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed， Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. "You always keep your eyes open，" he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you. 41. How did Redmon find his job？（题⼲+选项）
[A] By searching openings in a job database. [B] By posting a matching position in a database. [C] By using a special service of a database. [D] By E-mailing his resume to a database. 42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents？（题⼲）
[A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits. [C] Lower efficiency. [D] Fewer successful matches. 45. Which of the following is true according to the text？（选项）
[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters. [B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands. [C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed. [D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.
找对应句⼦⽅法之⼀：既要根据题⼲关键词或者信息定位，⼜要根据每个选项信息才能找到对应句⼦。

41，“Redmon是怎么找到⼯作的”。

（1）⾏⽂顺序定位法则本题是⽂章后的第⼀题，所以应该在⽂章靠前的段落寻找对应句⼦。

可以⼤胆的定位在前⼀⼆段。

（2）关键词定位法则此题同时需要“题⼲和选项”的关键词定位。

题⼲的关键词是“find job”，与之对应的可以在第⼀段句⾸找到它的同义词“Hunting for a job”。

这样以来我们就知道应该在
　“Hunting for a job”的前后找对应句⼦了。

再看各选项的对应句⼦，选项A的关键词是“job database”，根据它可以对应的句⼦是He searched it（指代job database）
with no success……由此可知Redmon并没有通过a job database取得成功（找到⼯作），所以错在“相互⽭盾”；选项B的关键词是“posting a matching position”，对应的句⼦是when a matching position is posted in the database，可知matching position是被“别⼈”寄到资料库来的，不是Redmon，所以B错在“张冠李戴”了；选项D的关键词是“E-mailing his resume”对应的句⼦是：who（Redmon） E-mailed his resume to the employer ……，可知Redmon把简历寄给了雇主，不是资料库（a database），所以D也错在“张冠李戴”；那么选项C为什么就是正确的呢？
我们先来分析⼀下第⼀段句⼦间的关系：第⼀段共6句话，其中第三句是解释第⼆句的"personal search agent".第⼆句提到他被这个址上的“个⼈搜索代理”所吸引。

第三句是解释说明"personal search agent"的特征的。

⽂章中对应的说明Redmon找到⼯作的句⼦是第五句Three weeks later， he got his first notification of an opening.那他⼜是怎么找到⼯作的呢？在这⾥就是⼀个很明显的例⼦。

我们把这些“插⼊语句”（第三句，也可以把第四句）删掉不看，整个句群就变成了：He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's "personal search agent". Three weeks later， he got his first notification of an opening.这样答案就⾮常明了了：他是通过"personal search agent"找到⼯作的，⽽选项C⽤a special service of a database替代了原⽂中的"personal search agent"，所以是正确答案！
找对应句⼦⽅法之⼆：只要根据题⼲关键词或信息就可以在原⽂找到对应句⼦；
42，“search agents的不⾜之处”。

（1）⾏⽂顺序定位法则这是第⼆题，第⼀题对应的句⼦在第⼀段了，那么第⼆题就应该从第⼆段开始找了。

（2）关键词定位法则此题只需要题⼲关键词就能找到对应句⼦了。

题⼲的关键词是“disadvantage”，原⽂与之对应的句⼦是：career experts see drawbacks.题⼲中的disadvantage替换了原⽂中的drawbacks.具有“同义词”特征。

既然“career experts see drawbacks”，问题出现了，答案应该就在附近！⽂章接着在第⼆段的末句写了“one expert”的观点，第三段的⾸句⼜补充了“one expert”的观点，但都没有明确指出“不⾜”。

接着⼜写到“another expert”的观点：There's no career counseling implicit in all of this.这就是在回答前⾯的题⼲对应句的问题。

同样我们把⼲扰内容删掉后就变成But although a search agent worked for Redmon， career experts see drawbacks. "None of these programs do that，" says another expert. "There's no career counseling implicit in all of this."这样的话，答案就⼀⽬了然了！同样从后⾯的转折词引导的句⼦Instead， the best strategy中的best和前⾯的转折词Instead可以看出它前⾯的句⼦说的应该就是“不⾜之处”，从⽽论证出上述推理的正确。

）
{当然你也可以问其他选项为什么错了。

问题对应的内容是从第⼆段开始的，⾸先说了career-related sites的不⾜之处time-consuming and inefficient，所以选项[C] Lower efficiency就不是“search agents”的不⾜之处了，“张冠李戴”；，其中BD选项在⽂章⾥没有谈及，属于“⽆中⽣有”！
最通俗的解答⽅法是：第⼆段中间提到了career experts see drawbacks，就是说搜索代理并不如⼈意，但后⾯并没有具体说什么不⾜，直到第三段的开始才说，但是第三段第⼀句和第⼆段最后⼀句的意思差不多，阅读时可以略看，第三段的第⼆句才谈到了要点：There's no career counseling implicit in all of this.所以选项[A] Lack of counseling是正确答案。

}
找对应句⼦⽅法之三：只要根据每个选项的关键词或信息在原⽂中找到与之⼀⼀对应的句⼦；
45，“根据原⽂哪个选项是正确的？”
（1）⾏⽂顺序定位法则最后⼀题⼀般都对应⽂章最后的⼀两段⽂字。

（实际解答过程中可以得知44题已经对应到了第四段，那么这⼀题应该就是在第五段找答案了。

要注意的是⽂章最后这种事实细节题，有时需要从全⽂的⾓度找对应句⼦。

如果真的需要从全⽂范围来找句⼦的话，⽤主旨题的解答⽅法还有效些！）
（2）关键词定位法则此题只需要选项关键词就能找到对应句⼦了。

通过对原⽂的理解，选项A、B是明显的“⽆中⽣有”。

选项C关键词是“those already employed”，与第五段的⾸句中的“who aren't hunting for jobs”是同义词组，所以选项C对应的句⼦就是这⼀句：Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile.其中发⽣了字词替换， helpful= worthwhile.所以是正确的。

选项D的关键词是“information”，由此可知对应句⼦是Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.，原⽂第⼆句说“有些⼈利⽤搜索代理密切观察对于本⾏业的需求或搜集有关加薪的信息以备增薪谈判时胸有成⽵”，可见搜索代理还是和在职的⼈员有联系的，⽽选项D的意思与之相⽭盾了；所以错。

从严格的⾓度说，到底搜索代理有没有发信息给在职的原⽂并没有明确指出，所以也可以说D错在了“⽆中⽣有”。

需要补充⼀句的就是：题⼲和选项中的关键词并不是的，只要你能根据某个词或者词组从原⽂中找到对应句⼦，找对对应句⼦，那么该词或词组就是关键词！千万不要被关键词的“关键”⼆字所困惑，其实叫“向导词”更合理些！。