语言学复习选择50题

语言学选择题1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.A、prescriptiveB、sociolinguisticC、descriptiveD、psycholinguistic2、The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.A、bound morphemeB、bound formC、inflectional morphemeD、free morpheme3、"Can I borrow your bike?" ___ "You have a bike."A、is synonymous withB、is inconsistent withC、entailsD、presupposes先决条件4、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___.A、semanticsB、pragmatics语用学C、sociolinguisticsD、psycholinguistics5、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A、Lingua francaB、CreoleC、Pidgin 洋泾语D、Standard language6.The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are ___.( )A.gradable oppositesB.relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms7.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.( )A.unusualB.something to be fearedC.abnormalD.natural8.A word with several meanings is called __word.( )A.a polysemous多义的B.a synonymousC.an abnormalD.a multiple9.The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn't it?”is __.( )rmativeB.phatic社交语C.directiveD.performative10.The semantic components of the word “gentleman” can be expressed as __.( )A.+animate,+male,+human,-adultB.+animate,+male,+human,+adultC.+animate,-male,+human,-adultD.+animate,-male,+human,+adult11. The distinction between parole and langue was made by ___________.A. Halliday .B. ChomskyC. BloomfieldD. Saussure12. The study of does NOT form the core of linguistics.A syntax B. pragmatics C. morphology D. sociolinguistics13.Which of the following statements is not the concern of psycholinguistics?A. It aims to answer such questions as how the human mind works when we uselanguage.B. It focuses on the way of processing the information we receive in the course of communication.C. It pays more attention to the study of language acquisition in children.D. It relates the social norms that determine the type of language to be used 'in a certain occasion.14. Which of the following items is not a design feature of human language?A Competence.B. Arbitrariness. C. Displacement.D. Productivity15. The differences between Modern Linguistics and Traditional Grammar are all of the following except .A. descriptive vs prescriptiveB. spoken vs writtenC. non-Latin-based framework vs Latin-based frameworkD. competence vs. performance16.The term___________linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach w hich studies Janguage change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronic语言’历时的C. comparativeD. historical comparative17.Which word is the absolute arbitrary one?A Careful. B. Crack. C. Handbag. D. Table.18.The application of linguistic principles and theories to language teaching andlearning is called_____________.A Sociolinguistics B. PsycholinguisticsC. Computational linguisticsD. Applied linguistics19. Competence refers to _____________-.A. knowledge of meaning of words and sentencesB. the actual realization of the language user's knowledge of the rules in utterancesC. the ideal language user's knowledge of the rules of his languageD. what speakers can actually do with language20. The distinction between competence and performance is similar to the distinctionbetween________________.A prescriptive and descriptiveB. synchronic and diachronicC. speech and writingD. langue and parole21. Children can speak before they can read or write shows that .A. language is basically vocalB. language is arbitrarynguage is used for communicatlonD. language is productive22. ___________means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in sounds.A. AmbiguityB. Abstractness抽象性C. ArbitrarinessD. Fuzziness23. All human languages are organized on two levels: the sound level —meaningless, the grammatical level—meaningful. This means language has the design feature of .A. creativeB. changeableC. arbitraryD. duality双重[二元] 性24. ________are two sub-branches of linguistics that study the units at thegrammatical level.A. Morphology and semanticsB. Morphology形态学and syntax句法C. Semantics and syntaxD.Morphology and phonology25. ________are two sub-branches of linguistics that study meaning .A. Morphology and semanticsB. Morphology and syntaxC. Semantics语意学and pragmatics语用学D.Morphology and phonology26. ________are two sub-branches of linguistics that study the units at the soundlevel.A. Morphology and semanticsB. Morphology and syntaxC. Semantics and syntaxD. Phonetics语音学and phonology音位学27.Sometimes, two varieties of a language exist side by side throughout thecommunity, with each having a definite role to play. This phenomenon is___________ .A. bilingualismB. diglossia高低双语现象C. pidginD. creole28. The dialect which is caused by social status is_______________.A. regional dialectB. sociolectC. idiolectD. diglossia29.A speaker uses the Standard English dialect when interacting with strangers, anduses a different dialect when interacting with individuals whom she recognizes as members of her own social group. This illustrates which of the following types of linguistic behavior?A. Hypercorrection.B. Negative transfer.C. Code-switching.D. Borrowing.30.A: What do you think of Mr. Zhang?B: A fine day, isn't it?In the dialogue between A and B, B's answer flouts which of the four maxims of CP?A The maxim of quantity. B. The maxim of quality.C. The maxim of manner.D. The maxim of relation.31.A: Where is Paul?B: Somewhere in our University.In the dialogue between A and B, B's answer flouts which of the four maxims of CP?A. The maxim of quantity.B. The maxim of quality.C. The maxim of manner.D. The maxim of relation.32. A: Shall we get something for the kids?B: Y es. But I veto C-A-N-D-Y.B's answer violates maxim of ________.A quantityB. qualityC. mannerD. relation33.____________act expresses the intention of the speaker.A. LocutionaryB. Illocutionary语内表现行为的C. PerlocutionaryD. Speech34. In a factory, Li, the guide, is interpretini for a group of foreign guests. When theyhave finished visiting one workshop, he would like the group to follow him to the next workshop. He says, " _____________."A. This way, pleaseB. Come hereC. Follow meD. Move on35. Liu had something to tell the manager, Mr. Smith, so he went to his place, enteringthe room and said, "__________."A. Y ou are not busy, I hopeB. Can I have a word with you, Mr. SmithC. Got a minuteD. I'm terribly sorry to trouble you, Mr. . Smith1-5 CDDBC 6-10 BDABB 11-15 DDDAD 16-20 BDDCD21-25 ACDBC 26-30 D B B C D 31. ACBAB1. According to F. de Saussure, _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.A. paroleB. PerformanceC. langueD. Language2. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called _______,A. displacementB. dualityC. flexibilityD. cultural transmission3. The function of the sentence “What a beautiful day!” is ____________.A. performativeB. emotiveC. informativeD. phatic社交语言4. __________ is regarded as the “ father of modern linguistics”.A. ChomskyB. SaussureC. HallidayD. Whorf5. Of all the speech organs, the ____ is/are the most flexible.A. mouthB. lipsC. tongueD. vocal cords6. ____________ is the study of all the sounds that occur in the world’s language.A. MorphologyB. PhoneticsC. PhonologyD. Syntax7. Which of the following is a typical tone language?A. EnglishB. ChineseC. FrenchD. All of the above8. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.A. SyntaxB. GrammarC. MorphologyD. Morpheme9. A ________ word is a combination of two or more words which functions as a single word.A. compoundB. blendC. shortenedD. clipped10. ________mainly deals with how words are combined to form sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences.A. PragmaticsB. SyntaxC. SemanticsD. Phonetics11. __________ proposed the theory of Systemic-functional Grammar.A. ChomskyB. HallidayC. SaussureD. Bloomfield12. The relationship between “fruit” and “apple” is ______.A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymy13. ________ refers to the semantic phenomenon that a word may have than one meaning.A. HyponymyB. HomonymyC. SynonymyD. Polysemy14. When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, _______ might arise.A. impolitenessB. contradictionsC. mutual understandingD. conversational implicatures15. The word “holiday” undergoes the semantic change of ______ with its meaning changed from “ sacred days” to “all holidays”.A. generalizationB. specializationC. elevationD. degradation 1～5CA DBC 6～10 BBCAB 11～15 BBDDA。