英语词组1

1.aim at1. point at a target:he aimed at the target but missed it.2. to strive; try:they aim at saving something every month.3. to direct efforts, as toward an object:the satire aimed at modern greed.2.ask for1. to try to obtain by requesting:he asked for help.2. informal ( intr. ) to behave in a provocative manner that is regarded as inviting (trouble):she's asking for trouble ; you're asking for it3. ( Scot ) to ask after:Tell your parents I'm asking for them.3.ask out1. Invite someone to something, such as dinner, the theater, or a date.We've been asked out to dinner twice this week , or Mary felt shy about asking John out or "Has he asked you out yet?"4.back down1. (intr., adverb) to withdraw an earlier claim:he backed down as soon as a member of the audience challenged his assertion.2.(tr.) rowing to cause (a boat) to move backwards by pushing rather than pulling on the oars:we could see that she would back down if we stood firm.5.Back off1. If you back off, you move backwards from a certain position.They backed off in horror.2. If you back off from a claim, demand, or commitment that you made earlier, or if you back off it, you withdraw it.The union has publicly backed off that demand.3. If you tell someone to back off, you are telling them to stop interfering.Back off, Mom, I'm old enough to make my own decisions!6.back up1. If someone or something backs up a statement, they supply evidence to suggest that it is true.This research backs up the black hole theory.2. If you back up a computer file, you make a copy of it which you can use if the original file is damaged or lost.Make a point of backing up your files at regular intervals.3. If an idea or intention is backed up by action, action is taken to support or confirm it.It is time the government backed up its advert campaigns with tougher measures.4. If you back someone up, you show your support for them.His friends all backed him up.5. If you back up, you move backwards a short distance.She backed up a few steps.7.beat up1. If someone beats a person up, they hit or kick the person many timesThe government supporters are beating up anyone they suspect of favoring the demonstrators.2. If you beat yourself up about something, you worry about it a lot or blame yourself for it.Tell them you don't want to do it anymore. Don't beat yourself up about it.e over1. If a feeling or desire, especially a strange or surprising one, comes over you, it affects you strongly.I'm sorry; I don't know what came over me.2. If someone comes over all dizzy or shy, for example, they suddenly start feeling or acting in that way.When Connie pours her troubles out to him, Joe comes over all sensitive.3. If someone or what they are saying comes over in a particular way, they make that impression on people who meet them or are listening to themYou come over as a capable and enthusiastic companion.e though1. penetrateHas the train come through?2. succeed in reaching a real or abstract destination after overcoming problems He's come through some bad personal ordeals3 .continue in existenceI hope he will come through all right4 .attain success or reach a desired goalHave your examination results come through yete up:1. occurI expect something to come up soon2 .come to the surfaceThe silver has come up beautifully3 .start runningThe car can't come up, as the slope is so steep4 .get something or somebody for a specific purposeYour behavior does not come up to the expected standarde up with:1. find outI hope you can come up with a better plan than this2 . put forwardShe comes up with a novel solution to the problem.12.Get out1. move out of or depart fromI was silly to get out in the cold without a coat2. express with difficultyI managed to get out a few words3. be releasedI could only get out by fighting through the crowd4. escape potentially unpleasant consequencesWe must face up to our responsibilities and not try to get out of them13. con into1. to deceive someone into doing something.These advertisements con you into thinking their products the best.The dishonest contractor conned her into buying a new furnace even when her old one was fine.14.con out of1.to trick someone out of money or something of valueAnne conned her little sister out of her allowance.Dave conned me out of my autographed baseball.15.cool off1. become quiet or calm, especially after a state of agitation;When we cool off, we can discuss it later.2. lose intensity;His enthusiasm cooled considerably16.get off on1. Feel the effects of or take a mind-altering drug.He was getting off on crack.2. Enjoy, derive intense pleasure fromWomen get off on judging each other, especially their very own friends. of or depart fro m17.get on1. have smooth relationsHe gets on well with his roommate.2. get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)My parents did not leave away until I got on the train.3. wear clothes, hat, etc. ; cover the quilt, etc.They get on their thick sweaters because the weather today is very cold.4. develop in a positive wayHe is getting on well with the research study.5. continue or start to do somethingI would get on with my English homework this weekend.6. grow oldWe are getting on, so we should treasure our youth.18.burn out1. A fire stops burning because there is nothing left to burn.The house was burned out when fire officials arrived.2. exhausted or illIf you get on with the research like this, you will burn yourself out soon.3. something is broken because it has been used for a long time.The light in our room is burned out after it is used for three years.4. no longer have interest in somethingIn the beginning, it is boring to do experiments for most of the students, and some of them burn out quick.19.get out of1. escape to do somethingHe got out of paying tax on his salary.2. leave somewhereThe house is very cold, let's get out of here.3. get rid of something (troubles, jam, etc.)what we should do is to find a way to get out of the trouble.4. obtain something from somebody or somethingI get a lot out of the social practice.5. give up or change to do something, especially habitsIt is hard for her father to get out of the habit of smoking.20.get over1. overcome a problem or difficultyYou must get over this difficulty.2. recover from an unpleasant or unhappy experience or an illnessIt is hard for you to get over from the failure in love.3. make somebody understandWe have get the message over to the students.4. to bring (a necessary but unpleasant task) to an endI'm glad to get my experiment over.21.Get over with1. Finish or complete something as quickly as possible, especially those unhappy ones.She is glad to get the exam over with.Observing and interacting with them will help you get over your problems.22.Get through1. Finish something; experience something hardly; make somebody understand something;I think you can get through the first two chaptersIt is hard to see how people will get through the winterAn old friend might well be able to get through to her and help her23.Keep down1. Control over or suppress something; decrease something in amount; eat something. No matter what a woman tries to do to improve her situation, there is some barrier or attitude to keep her downThe local government tries to keep the prices downHe couldn't keep down his anger.She feels sick and hasn't been able to keep her food down.24.Keep from1. prevent something from happening; keep a distance to something.I am struggling to keep from sinking, as is, in these wavy seas.When this happened, he ducked behind his father to keep from being noticed The heavy rain can't keep me from going out.He can't keep from thinking of her all the time.25.Put away1. To put sth in the place where it is kept because you have finished using it I’m just going to put the car away.2. To save money to spend laterShe has a few thousand dollars put away for her retirement.3. To eat or drink large quantities of thHe must have put away a bottle of whisky last night.4. To send sb to prison, to a metal hospitalHe was put away for ten years for armed robbery.26.Take back1. To return sth that you have boughtI went to the library and took your books back.2. To admit that sth you said was wrong or that you should not have said it Take back what you said about Jeremy!3. To make sb remember sthThe smell of the sea took him back to his childhood.4. To allow sb, such as your husband, wife or partner, to come home after they have lft because of a problemThe government has agreed to take back those people who are considered economic rather than political refugees.27.Boil down to1. To have sth as a main or basic partIn the end, what it all boils down to is money, or the lack of it.28.Cut off1. To interrupt sb who is speaking on the telephone by breaking the connection conversationWe were cut off in the middle of our conversation.2. To refuse to let sb receive any of your property after you dieHe cut his son off without a penny.3. To interrupt sb and stop them from speakingMy explanation was cut off by loud protests.4. To stop the supply of sth to sbThey were cut off for not paying their phone bill.5. To remove sth from sth larger by cuttingHe has his finger cut off in an accident at work.6. To block or get in the way of sthThey cut off the enemy’s retreat.7. To prevent sb/sth leaving or reaching a place or communicating with people outsidea placeThe army was cut off from its base.29.g ive up:1. something conceded or relinquished; concession.Though many difficulties, I will never give my dream to be a scientist up.30.lead up to:1. to prepare the way for; to approach (a subject, disclosure, etc.) gradually or evasively.The road will lead you up to the gate of the garden.31.empty out:1. clear something out; make or become empty.He emptied his pockets out, and we knew that he had no money.32.go out:1. to come to an end, especially to fade in popularity:Silent movies went out as soon as the talkies were perfected.2. to cease or fail to function:The lights went out.3. to participate in social activities, on dates, etc.He always goes out a lot at night.4. to take part in a strike:The printers went out yesterday in a contract dispute.33.lock in1. when a pub locks its doors and allows people to continue drinking illegally after the time when it should have closedThere was a lock-in at my local last night.34.run around1. to be very busy doing a lot of different thingsI'm exhausted - I've been running around all morning.35.throw away1. to get rid of something that you do not want any moreSo when are you going to throw away those old magazines?36.butt in1. to interrupt a conversation or discussion or someone who is talkingHe kept on butting in with silly comments.37.fall apart1. breaks into pieces：This book was old and soon fell apart2. drop through，become disorganized or unable to work effectivelyThe army fell apart.38.go through with1. accomplish, achieveHe went through with his plan although all his friends advised him to abandon it.2. list, expandShe went through with all the points she knew39.lock up1. shut away, put something in a container and keep other away from itGive away any food you have on hand, or lock it up and give the key to the neighbors 2. put someone in prison or a secure psychiatric hospitalMr. Milner persuaded the federal prosecutors not to lock up his client3. let the door or window closed, and without keys nobody can open itLock up all the doors before you go out40.run into1. meet someone accidentallyI was about to leave when I ran into Mr White2. walk very fast and enter into a placeThe storm is coming. Run into the classroom3. confront, bring up againstThey have run into trouble while designing the new machine4. count allThe number of miners killed in the accident runs into dozens.5. inpouring, pour intoAll the rainwater on the roof runs into the pipe6. stickHe ran a nail into the wall to hang his painting41.throw up1. eject the contents of the stomach through the mouthShe said she had thrown up after reading reports of the trial.2. Stir up, raise, scooped up, splashing (dust stones or water)If it had hit the Earth, it would have made a crater 100 miles across and thrown up an immense cloud of dust.3. In a hurry to build (something)Youths threw up barricades on the streets.4. Produce; Outstanding; Highlight -These studies have already thrown up some interesting results.5. Produce (talents)The political struggle threw up a strong leader...6. toss; Lift; The rapid upgrade pushHe threw the window up and looked out.7. Give up; Quit (position, etc.), speech (duty); Wash one's hands ofWhy did you throw up such a good job?8. (reproachfully) repeated mention (unpleasantness); Repeatedly saidShe throws up to me the time I got drunk.9. Highlights, the foils come out; (especially through the contrast) make conspicuous; In the nearRed and yellow help to throw up the other colours in the design.42.call in1. transient visitHe just calls in occasionally.2. (to work unit, a radio or a TV station) make a phone callShe reached for the phone to call in sick24 million viewers called in to cast their final votes last night.3. Invitation; calledWe had better call in a specialist at this critical moment.4. Take (COINS, bonds, books, etc.), Make (currency) stop circulation; Request return All old ￡10 notes were called in by the government.5. Requirements paid; Demanding paymentThe bank wants to call in all money lent last year.6. Call came into the roomIt was getting dark ,he called the children in.7. Will withdraw from the outpostThe advance guards of the regiment were called in.8. Stop by and visitDon't forget to call in on your way home.9. give information by telephoneThe chief editor has just called in to say that he will leave for Shanghai this evening.10. dockThe ship calls in at every port along the coast.43.check out1. (from the hotel, etc.) settle accountsThey checked out ten minutes ago.2. stores, etc. valuation receipt; (the customer in the cashier's former) valuation paymentThe cashier checked out the groceries.3. Inspection and checkThe reporter checked the story out.4. Survey, to verifyPlease check out these names and numbers.5. To the bank withdrawals; Cheque paymentHe checked ￡50 out.6. To leave; exitHer husband has to check out before Christmas.7. Inspection qualified; Meet the requirements; Through the examinationThe trainees checked out all right.8. dieI'm afraid old Charlie has checked out.9. Completed the formalities loan (or remove)I checked out a book from the library.The manager checked out the tools to the workmen as they came to work.10. Go off work, call it a dayThe workmen in this factory checked out at 4∶30 .11. Inventory registration. recordsThey checked out all the goods in the store.44.fill out1. write on (form, documents, documents, etc.)He filled out a check for $100.2. Do (orders) dispensing“Have this prescription filled out at the drugstore,” said the doctor.3. Inflation, expansionThe sails filled out and the boat floated away.4. (make) long fat, (make) fatJohn finished growing taller last year, and he's filling out.5. fill…with…Pease fill out the beer for me.6. Full (articles, works, etc.)He has been asked to fill out his book.45.hang out,1. to spend a lot of time in a place or with someoneYou still hang out at the pool hall?I've been hanging out backstage with the band.46.make of,1. If you ask someone what they make of someone or something, you want to knowtheir opinion about that person or thing, often because there is something strange about themCan you make anything of this information?What do you make of the new boss?I don't know what to make of it.47.show off,1.a person who shows off (= behaves in a way intended to attract attention which other people often find annoying)Jimena's such a show-off, she always wants to be the centre of attention.48.turn over,1.to change to a different television stationThis programme's boring - shall I turn over to BBC?49.chicken out,1. to decide not to do something because you are too frightenedI was going to go bungee jumping, but I chickened out.50.fill up,1. to become full, or to make something become fullThe seats in the hall were filling up fast.As she read the poem, their eyes filled up with tears.51.hang up,1.a permanent and unreasonable feeling of anxiety about a particular feature of yourself sexual hang-upsHe's one of these men who went bald very young and has a terrible hang-up about it.2. to stop using and needing something because you have given up the sport or activity it is used forSo when did you hang up your boxing gloves/golfclubs/ballet shoes?52.make out1. understand or comprehendIt is hard to make out what he is doing.2. detect with the sensesShe thought she heard a name. She couldn't make it out, though.3. make out and issueThey were trying to make out that I'd actually done it.4. proceed or get alongWhatever profession he chooses, I'm sure he'll make out all right.5. come to terms or deal successfully withHow did he make out while his dad was away?6. have sexual intercourse withWe can see the couple making out on the beach abroad.7. write all the required information onto a formI'll make the check out to you and put it in the mail this afternoon.8. try to establishHow did you make out with the boy we met last week?53.Show up1. led sb upstairsPlease show me up.2. appear or become visible; make a showingEveryone showed up except Jack on the conference.3. be or become visible or noticeableThe fingertips on the glass show up in the sunlight.4. expose, revealHis lie was showed up at last.5. exceed, outdo, outgo, surpassYou won't show anyone up unless you work hard.6. make sb feel embarrassed or ashamedHe wanted to teach her a lesson for showing him up in front of Professor.54.turn up1. appear or become visible; make a showingThey finally turned up at nearly midnight.2. the reversed; make face upThey turned up the soil and planted trees.3. discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining Investigations have never turned up any evidence.4. be shown or be found to beThey turned up missing at the roll call.5. find by digging in the groundThe ploughman turned up some relics of ancient times.6. increase the amount of sound, heat, or powerCan you turn up the TV?7. present, appearance; at the appointed (or the expected time or place) arrivalMany distinguished guests turned up at the meeting yesterday.8. turn on, camber, rolled upHe turned up the ends of his trousers and waded across the river.55.chop up:1. to cut something into smaller pieces:He went outside to chop some more wood for the fire.56.find out1. to get information, after trying to discover it or by chance find out who/what/how etcHas anyone bothered to find out how much all this is going to cost?2. find out if/whetherDid you find out whether there are any seats left?3. find out (that)I found out that my parents had never been married.4. find something ↔ outTo find out more, visit our website.5. find out (something) about somethingI need to find out more about these night courses.6. find out fromWe could find out from the local council.I thought it best to let you find out for yourself.7. find somebody out[usually passive] if you are found out, someone discovers that you have been doing something dishonest or illegal [↪ catch]:What happens if we get found out?57.have on1. have (got) something onto be wearing a piece of clothing or type of clothing:He had his best suit on.Jimmy had nothing on but his socks.2. have (got) the TV/radio/washing machine etc onif you have your television, radio etc on, you have switched it on and it is working: Billie has the radio on all day long.3. be having somebody onespecially British English to be trying to make someone believe something that is not true, especially as a joke:Don't believe a word he says. He's having you on!4 . have (got) something onBritish English to have arranged to do something, go somewhere etc, especially when this means you cannot do something else:Sorry, I can't help you this weekend - I've got too much on already.5 . have (got) something on somebodyto know about something bad that someone has done:What do the police have on him?6 . have (got) nothing on somebody/somethinginformalto not be nearly as good as someone or something else:Rock 'n' roll has got nothing on these African rhythms.58.make up1. coloured substances used on your face to improve or change your appearanceI put on a little eye make-up.She wears a lot of make-up.2. The make-up of something or someone is the combination of things that form it They argue that the membership of the Council does not reflect the racial make-up of the city.Organizational ability is not one of the most obvious parts of his make-up.59.shut off1. If a machine or system shuts off, it stops operating, and if someone or something shuts it off, they stop it from operatingThe engine shuts off automatically when the desired speed is reached.2. to stop the supply of somethingDid you remember to shut off the water and gas before you left the house?Oil supplies have been shut off.e up1. to finish a supply of somethingDon't use up all the milk, we need some for breakfast.The Earth's resources are being used up at an alarming rate.61.clean out1. clean something out, to make the inside of a room, house etc clean or tidy:We’d better clean out the attic this week.2 . clean somebody out, informal, if something expensive cleans you out, you spend so much money on it that you now have very little left:Our trip to Paris cleaned me out.3. clean somebody/something out, informal, to steal everything from a place, or all of someone’s possessions:62.fix up1 . to arrange a meeting, event etc:I fixed up an interview with him.2. to decorate or repair a room or building SYN do up:We fixed up the guest bedroom before he came to stay.3. to provide someone with something they want:Can you fix me up with a bed for the night?4. to find a suitable romantic partner for someone:I asked my best friend to fix me up with someone.63.head back1. to start moving back to some place:This is far enough. Let’s head back.64.Mess up1. to spoil or ruin something, especially something important or something that has been carefully plannedShe felt she’d messed up her whole life.2. to make something dirty or untidyWho messed up the kitchen?3. to make a mistake and do something badlyI think I messed up on the last question.4 . to make someone have emotional or mental problemsI messed up my kids.65.Shut up1. used to tell someone to stop talkingOh, shut up! I don’t want to hear your excuse.2. to stop talking or be quiet, or to make someone do thisI can’t stand that woman. She never shuts up.3. to keep someone in a place away from other people, and prevent them form leaving Was there any need to keep us shut up here?4. to close shop, room etc so that people cannot get into itAmy cleaned the attic and then shut it up for another year.5. to close a business or stop working, at the end of the day or permanently66.Wake up1. to stop sleeping, or to make someone stop sleepingJames usually wakes up early.2. to start to listen or pay attention to somethingWake up at the back there!3. used to tell someone to recognize the truth or reality of a situation wake up and smell the coffee4 .to start to realize and understand a danger, an idea etcIt’s time you woke up to the fact that it’s a tough world.。