KEY TO EXERCISES-Unit 11

KEY TO EXERCISES-Unit 11I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.B.The 6 student may be cheered up after reading the letter, but obviously the author's purpose of writing is not just to cheer him up. Therefore, A is not the correct answer.The author did mention some of his personal experiences in the letter, but the purpose of doing so is not to show that grades are misleading. So C is not appropriate.II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T. Refer to Paragraph 1. A couple of generations ago, C was the norm, and now the norm has shifted upward. This means most students then got C instead of B.2. T. Refer to Paragraph3. On the one hand, the author says grades can be dangerouslymisleading; on the other hand, he thinks they are important.3. F. This is not true. The first sentence of Paragraph 8 makes it very clear.4. F. Refer to the first sentence of Paragraph 10.HI. Answer the following questions.1. The answer to this question is mainly based on Paragraph 2, in which the author implies that the cause of the student's disappointment is to a large extent social. In the society the importance of winning is overemphasized; it is considered shameful to be a loser. What's more, to prosper in this society ensures one's salvation in the future. In this general social climate, therefore, a B student will naturally feel disappointed.2. Refer to Paragraph 4. A grade is just a symbol, which is supposed to reflect the level of a student's performance. A student's performance is assumed to correspond to his knowledge. But the student may have acquired more or less knowledge out of the course than the grade indicates. Therefore a grade may be misleading.3. His attitude toward the current school curriculum is critical. Refer to Paragraph 5, in which he mentions a number of important characteristics for us humans such as courage, kindness, wisdom, and good humor. The current school curriculum has obviously neglected the aspect of character building on the part of the students.4. The technique the instructor used was to make a clear distinction between the student as a classroom performer and the student as a human being. A poor grade, at best, indicates that the student is a poor classroom performer, but it has little to say about the ability and personality of the student as a human being. By making such a distinction, the instructor encouraged, rather than discouraged, those who were not doing well in class. As a result they all worked harder at his course.5. Social labels, including grades, in the author's opinion, are basically irrelevant and misleading. But on the other hand, they are necessary, because human society is complex and diversified, thus distinctions among its members have to be made, and such distinctions must be indicated by various labels.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1. Being unsuccessful in one's life and career and financially disadvantaged is regarded as shameful or even sinful because in this world people tend to think that only those who are successful now can be saved from evil in the future.2. It is important to see the fact that although they differ in their class status and educationalbackground, human beings are essentially the same. First of all, they are, biologically speaking, constructed in the same way, and then they all share the feelings of fear and joy, and also the common experience of suffering and achieving. This commonality has bound them together. All of them will regard wars, diseases, and disasters, both private and public, as unfortunate big events in their lifetime.1. Paragraphs 2 5Keyword(s): Disappointment.Main idea; Grades do not mean everything.2. Paragraphs 6-8Key word(s) The student as performer; the student as human being.Main idea; Getting a B in class does not mean one will always be a B performer in life.3. Paragraphs 9 -10Key word( s): Perspective.Main idea;In a complex society like ours, labels are necessary but they should be kept in perspective.I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. inner nature; indispensable quality; the most important part2. The phrase specifically refers to "the seven deadly sins" : pride, covetousness, lust, anger, gluttony, envy and sloth.3. making you think or act wrongly4. tasks traditionally required of students5. far from enoughII. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning. IB 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. Bin. Choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.1. C2. A3. B4. C5. AIV. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form. 1. define 2. irrelevant3. correspond to4. flunked5. ratherV. Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word. 1. international 2. transmit 3. circumscribe4. misunderstand5. confine6. anti-nuclearI. Identify the relative clauses used in the following sentences and note how they are connected to the main clauses. (Omitted. )H. Define the following nouns after the examples.\. A vacuum cleaner is a machine that cleans floors by sucking up the dirt from them.2. A jockey is a person who rides horses in races.3. A chauffeur is someone whose job is to drive a car for someone else.4. An umbrella is a circular folding frame covered in cloth (hat you hold above you when it is raining.5. A thermometer is a piece of equipment that measures the temperature of the air or your body.6. A caretaker is someone whose job is to look after a building, esp. a school. {BrE)A caretaker is someone whose job is to look after a house or land while the person who owns it is not there. (AmE)7. A refrigerator is a special cupboard kept cool by electricity, in which food and drinks are stored.8. A teetotaler is someone who never drinks alcohol,III. Fill in each blank with a proper relative word. Use "preposition + relative word" if necessary.1. which, when, on which2. on which3. that4. who5. who6. where7. for whom8. whichIV, Complete the following sentences with the appropriate words in the box.1. However2. Whatever3. whatever4. Wherever5. whichever6. whoever7. However8. whenever, wheneverV. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.1. ... winning is not the most important thing it's the only thinge. g. For some parents, sending their children to the best universities is not the most important thing it's the only thing.For anyone who wants to find a position in this joint venture, a good command of English, both oral and written, is not the most important thing it's the only thing.2. Oddly enough, the men whom he flunked did not resent it. Nor did they resent him ... Rather, they loved him, worked harder and harder...e. g. Strangely enough, he does not like such fast food as KFC and hamburgers as most teenagers do. Nor does he like meat dishes. Rather, he prefers fish and vegetables.Surprisingly enough, he has never been abroad. Nor has he ever had a teacher who is a native speaker. Rather, he has acquired his native-like accent all byimitating those speakers on tapes.♦ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. He was hospitalized with acute appendicitis, with the result that he missed the final examination.2. As many more people came to the lecture than expected, there were not enough handouts to go round.3. No matter what a long day he may have, he makes a point of checking his e-mail box before going to bed.4. Unemployment is found in all countries in the world, but the governments vary in their way to handle the problem.5. Anyone who has come to a foreign country for the first time is apt to find everything aroundhim both strange and interesting.6. The football fans were very disappointed at the performance of the players of both teams.7. Never take what he says at face value. Think it over yourself.8. The doctor's words removed his fears about the operation.Exercises fdr integrated skillsI. Dictation.Professors may establish social relationships with students outside of the classroom,/ but in the classroom they maintain the instructor's role./ A professor may have coffee one day with students/ but the next day expect them to meet a deadline/ for the submission of a paper or to be prepared for a discussion or an exam. / The professor may give extra attention outside of class/ to a student in need of help/ but probably will not treat him or her differently/ when it comes to evaluating school work. / Professors have several roles in relation to students;/ they may be counselors and friends as well as teachers./ Students must realize/ that when a teacher's role changes,/ they must appropriately adapt their behavior and attitudes.II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.1. for4. confusing7. accustomed10. obey13. contradict2. familiar5. little8. foreign11. remain14. easy3. adding6. what9. forbidden12. othersGo to the Head of the ClassHow smart are you? How much can you learn? How high can you climb? Until now. schoolchildren seemed frozen in place. An average student in second or third grade paddled along, just fair to middling, until graduation from high school. A poor student languished at the bottom of each successive class. Studies showed that more than four out of five students began and ended schools at the same level of performance.It doesn't have to be that way. Benjamin Bloom, a professor of education at the University of Chicago, supervised two separate research projects. In each, students were selected at random and provided with private teachers. With this one-to-one instruction, below-average students climbed to better-than-average, while average students out-performed 98 percent of the boys and girls in conventional classrooms.Bloom identified and tested five remarkable simple ideas aimed at reproducing in the classroom the most effective components of one-to-one instruction; attention, feedback, support, encouragement, and self-esteem.Here are the five ideas that can help you leap to the top of the class:。