NFC General Introduction
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ISO/IEC 7816
Smart Card Contact Interface 7816 - 3: Electronic Signals and Transmission Protocols Protocols T = “0” or T =“1”,.... 3 Parts Manually Insert Card Answer to Reset 5V / 200 mA Logic "0" = 0 to 0,6V 14443 - 3 Initialisation and Anti-collision 14443 - 2 Radio Frequency Power and Signal 14443 - 4 Transmission Protocols
Since June 2004
Title: Near Field Communication (NFC) IP-1; Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) Since February 2003
ETSI TS 102 190 V1.1.1 (2003-03)
ISO/IEC 18092 NFCIP-2 : include readers type B reader and ISO15693 VCD. Ecma 352 NFCIP-2 ISO/IEC 21481
Secure Transactions
Contactless Cards
P2P Communication
Contactless Readers
Service Discovery
Contactless Tags & Labels
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
6
May 17, 2011
NFC Technology at a Glance
Reader and card mode modes possible in same device
Device-device connectivity
Data exchange rate up to 424kbit/sec
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
7
May 17, 2011
NFC: Modes, Foundation Standards
NXP Technology Overview: /applications/smart_cards/index.html /products/identification/nfc/index.html
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 11 May 17, 2011
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 16 May 17, 2011
NXP NFC & RF-ID & Smart Card Technology
NFCIP-2 NFCIP-1
Contact Smart Card Controller
I•CODE SLI I•CODE SLI-S I•CODE SLI-L Ultra Light Standard 1K/4K DESFire
ISO/IEC 18092
Contactless Interface
NFCIP1 - Transport Protocol
NFCIP1 - Initialisation & anti-collision
106 kbps : similar to ISO14443-3A 212/424 kbps : similar to FeliCa polling Active mode : RF collision avoidance
- PCD - Receive Data
Load modulation principle
PCD PICC BIT = "1"
128 T0 = 9,44µs
BIT = "0"
data manchester coding subcarrier
RF
closed open
16 T0 = 1.18µs
subcarrier modulation
PN51x PN53x PN65x
Smart MX
8-bit Sec. μC Crypto μC
PN544 Type-B PICC I•CODE MIFARE
13.56 13.56SO 15693
ISO 14443-A
ISO 18092
ISO 7816, GSM
NFC General Introduction
NFC Training
May 2011
Basic contactless communication description
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
2
May 17, 2011
Basic contactless communication description
ISO/IEC 14443
Smart Card Contactless Interface
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 15 May 17, 2011
ISO/IEC 14443 & NFCIP-1 ISO/IEC 18092
ISO/IEC 14443
Smart Card Contactless Interface 14443 - 4 Transmission Protocols 14443 - 3 Initialisation and Anti-collision
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
3
May 17, 2011
Key performances of the communication
- 1 - Tag needs power No functionality when out of reader range - 2 - Tag within reader range Tag wakes up - 3 - Tag receives Data Tag Rx processing - 4 - Tag sends Responses By field shortage - 5 – Reader needs to detect Load modulation level - 6 – Reader needs to process Reader sensitivity Reader
ISO22536 = ECMA356 = ETSI TS 102 346
Protocol Test Methods
ISO23917 = ECMA362 = ETSI TS 102 394
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 10 May 17, 2011
Links
/ / / /
load modulation
T0 = carrier period = 1 / 13.56 MHz
PCD: PICC:
Proximity Coupling Device Proximity (Chip) Card
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 14 May 17, 2011
ISO/IEC 14443 & ISO/IEC 7816
Short-range (~ 10 cm), 13.56 MHz secure contactless technology
Standardized in ISO 18092 ECMA and ETSI
Compatible with existing ISO 14443 contactless cards & reader infrastructure
Contact-less technology; 13,56MHz
- Transceive Principle
READER > CARD
13.56 MHz Carrier / ENERGY
READER > CARD
MILLER coded DATA
READER < CARD
LOAD modulated DATA
Card detected
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
4
May 17, 2011
Transaction completed !!
Reader
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
5
May 17, 2011
From Contactless infrastructure to NFC World
Peer-To-Peer
Sony ISO 14443 -A ISO 14443 -B ISO 15693
Reader/Writer
Sony FeliCa
ISO 14443 -A ISO 14443 -B ISO 15693
Card Emulation
Sony FeliCa ISO 14443 -A ISO 14443 -B ISO 15693
Proximity
Type-B PCD
Long range I•CODE
Proximity MIFARE
Proximity TDA8xxx - Family PN5xx, PN65x Contact reader ICs
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 17 May 17, 2011
Contactless reader ICs
Standardisation of NFC
NFCIP-1 Ecma 340 NFCIP-1
– –
/ Since January 2003
–
– –
Ecma 356 NFCIP-1 : RF interface test methods
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 12 May 17, 2011
Type A ~ Mifare 106kbps
Type B 106kbps
Felica 212kbps & 424kbps
Reader to card
Card to reader
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 13 May 17, 2011
NFC - Communication modes
1. Active Communication mode In active communication mode, both the initiator and the target use their own generated RF field to enable the communication. • Standard mode for peer to peer (p2p) communication 2. Passive Communication mode In passive communication mode, the target answers to an initiator command in a load modulation scheme. The initiator generates the RF field. • Extended mode for p2p and RFID communication Benefit in p2p mode: Target saves power
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
9
May 17, 2011
NFC Standards Available
NFCIP-1
ISO18092 = ECMA340 = ETSI TS 102 190
NFCIP-2
ISO21481 = ECMA352 = ETSI TS 102 312
RF Interface Test Methods
14443 - 2 Radio Frequency Power and Signal
NFCIP-1 Radio Frequency Power and Signal
106 kbps : similar to ISO14443 212/424 kbps : similar to FeliCa Active : 100% modulation, Miller bit-coding
ISO 18092 ISO 21481 (includes also ISO18092) In scope of NFC forum
Products may implement various combinations of standard
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 8
May 17, 2011
Smart Card Contact Interface 7816 - 3: Electronic Signals and Transmission Protocols Protocols T = “0” or T =“1”,.... 3 Parts Manually Insert Card Answer to Reset 5V / 200 mA Logic "0" = 0 to 0,6V 14443 - 3 Initialisation and Anti-collision 14443 - 2 Radio Frequency Power and Signal 14443 - 4 Transmission Protocols
Since June 2004
Title: Near Field Communication (NFC) IP-1; Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) Since February 2003
ETSI TS 102 190 V1.1.1 (2003-03)
ISO/IEC 18092 NFCIP-2 : include readers type B reader and ISO15693 VCD. Ecma 352 NFCIP-2 ISO/IEC 21481
Secure Transactions
Contactless Cards
P2P Communication
Contactless Readers
Service Discovery
Contactless Tags & Labels
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
6
May 17, 2011
NFC Technology at a Glance
Reader and card mode modes possible in same device
Device-device connectivity
Data exchange rate up to 424kbit/sec
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
7
May 17, 2011
NFC: Modes, Foundation Standards
NXP Technology Overview: /applications/smart_cards/index.html /products/identification/nfc/index.html
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 11 May 17, 2011
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 16 May 17, 2011
NXP NFC & RF-ID & Smart Card Technology
NFCIP-2 NFCIP-1
Contact Smart Card Controller
I•CODE SLI I•CODE SLI-S I•CODE SLI-L Ultra Light Standard 1K/4K DESFire
ISO/IEC 18092
Contactless Interface
NFCIP1 - Transport Protocol
NFCIP1 - Initialisation & anti-collision
106 kbps : similar to ISO14443-3A 212/424 kbps : similar to FeliCa polling Active mode : RF collision avoidance
- PCD - Receive Data
Load modulation principle
PCD PICC BIT = "1"
128 T0 = 9,44µs
BIT = "0"
data manchester coding subcarrier
RF
closed open
16 T0 = 1.18µs
subcarrier modulation
PN51x PN53x PN65x
Smart MX
8-bit Sec. μC Crypto μC
PN544 Type-B PICC I•CODE MIFARE
13.56 13.56SO 15693
ISO 14443-A
ISO 18092
ISO 7816, GSM
NFC General Introduction
NFC Training
May 2011
Basic contactless communication description
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
2
May 17, 2011
Basic contactless communication description
ISO/IEC 14443
Smart Card Contactless Interface
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 15 May 17, 2011
ISO/IEC 14443 & NFCIP-1 ISO/IEC 18092
ISO/IEC 14443
Smart Card Contactless Interface 14443 - 4 Transmission Protocols 14443 - 3 Initialisation and Anti-collision
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
3
May 17, 2011
Key performances of the communication
- 1 - Tag needs power No functionality when out of reader range - 2 - Tag within reader range Tag wakes up - 3 - Tag receives Data Tag Rx processing - 4 - Tag sends Responses By field shortage - 5 – Reader needs to detect Load modulation level - 6 – Reader needs to process Reader sensitivity Reader
ISO22536 = ECMA356 = ETSI TS 102 346
Protocol Test Methods
ISO23917 = ECMA362 = ETSI TS 102 394
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 10 May 17, 2011
Links
/ / / /
load modulation
T0 = carrier period = 1 / 13.56 MHz
PCD: PICC:
Proximity Coupling Device Proximity (Chip) Card
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 14 May 17, 2011
ISO/IEC 14443 & ISO/IEC 7816
Short-range (~ 10 cm), 13.56 MHz secure contactless technology
Standardized in ISO 18092 ECMA and ETSI
Compatible with existing ISO 14443 contactless cards & reader infrastructure
Contact-less technology; 13,56MHz
- Transceive Principle
READER > CARD
13.56 MHz Carrier / ENERGY
READER > CARD
MILLER coded DATA
READER < CARD
LOAD modulated DATA
Card detected
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
4
May 17, 2011
Transaction completed !!
Reader
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
5
May 17, 2011
From Contactless infrastructure to NFC World
Peer-To-Peer
Sony ISO 14443 -A ISO 14443 -B ISO 15693
Reader/Writer
Sony FeliCa
ISO 14443 -A ISO 14443 -B ISO 15693
Card Emulation
Sony FeliCa ISO 14443 -A ISO 14443 -B ISO 15693
Proximity
Type-B PCD
Long range I•CODE
Proximity MIFARE
Proximity TDA8xxx - Family PN5xx, PN65x Contact reader ICs
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 17 May 17, 2011
Contactless reader ICs
Standardisation of NFC
NFCIP-1 Ecma 340 NFCIP-1
– –
/ Since January 2003
–
– –
Ecma 356 NFCIP-1 : RF interface test methods
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 12 May 17, 2011
Type A ~ Mifare 106kbps
Type B 106kbps
Felica 212kbps & 424kbps
Reader to card
Card to reader
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 13 May 17, 2011
NFC - Communication modes
1. Active Communication mode In active communication mode, both the initiator and the target use their own generated RF field to enable the communication. • Standard mode for peer to peer (p2p) communication 2. Passive Communication mode In passive communication mode, the target answers to an initiator command in a load modulation scheme. The initiator generates the RF field. • Extended mode for p2p and RFID communication Benefit in p2p mode: Target saves power
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
9
May 17, 2011
NFC Standards Available
NFCIP-1
ISO18092 = ECMA340 = ETSI TS 102 190
NFCIP-2
ISO21481 = ECMA352 = ETSI TS 102 312
RF Interface Test Methods
14443 - 2 Radio Frequency Power and Signal
NFCIP-1 Radio Frequency Power and Signal
106 kbps : similar to ISO14443 212/424 kbps : similar to FeliCa Active : 100% modulation, Miller bit-coding
ISO 18092 ISO 21481 (includes also ISO18092) In scope of NFC forum
Products may implement various combinations of standard
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 8
May 17, 2011