guc参数
GUC155本安接近传感器
GUC155本安接近传感器
GUC15矿用本安型接近传感器是根据煤矿井下各项自动化的要求而设计的，用来确定物体状态或位置的传感器。
可适用于经检验合格的任何本安电路中。
接近传感器结构特点
1、GUC15矿用本安型接近传感器由两部分组成，结构紧凑、接线安装简单、维护方便。
2、当强磁物体距离传感器0～15mm范围内时，位置传感器常开接点导通信号。
3、采用无触点开关形式，将物体的开、闭状态及方位转变换成电信号，送到关联设备的检测电路中，通过与关联设备一起实现电控装置的自动化。
4、可与风门装置、司控道岔装置、跑车防护装置联接使用。
GUC155接近传感器价格技术参数：
a）动作距离范围（mm）：0～15
b）输出接点形式：一对常开接点c）接触电阻（Ω）：≤0.2
d）接点容量：DC 12.5V/1A。
GUC,GUCA,GUCB滤油车
Inlet35 10 20 30mINTRODUCTIONf GUC GUCA and GUCB series of pushcart filters are a special iltration device not only for filtering the oil flowing toa tank but also For filtering the oil in hydraulic system. These kinds of filters are made into good structure, easy using and long service life and also have high filtration low noise. As required you may choose different filter element from 3m to 30m filtration. They are also be used as a by-pass filter outside a hydraulic system.DRAWING OF OIL CIRCUTI1. Fine filter2. Discharge valve3. Pressure gauge4. Safety valve5. Pump6. Motor MODEL CODEGUC 、GUCA 、GUCBGUC GUCA GUCB(1)(2)()(3)(4)(5)(6) a b c (7) a b (8)USAGE AND MAINTENANCE(1) Avoiding the possible counter rotation of the oil pump while starting themachine, otherwise it may lead to the out blown of the axle seal and ent- ering of air.(2) Air might be introduced into the machine during the operation and affect the oil flow. To ensure the rated flow and normal operation of the fine fil- ter element, the discharge valve should be opened in time to release the air until oil can be seen at the outlet of the discharge valve, then close th e discharge valve closed.(3) After a certain period of peration, coarse cleaner could be gradually con- taminated and noise of pump might occur, you should stop the machine in order to clean the filter element.(4) Dirt might stick to the elements of fine filter, causing a rise of the press- ure in the filter bowl. When the pressure hits 0.4MPa, the elements sho- uld be the changed in time.(5) The suction and oil outlet tube should always be kept clean.(6) Should the pushcart filter fail to pump oil, please check: a. The rotating direction of the pump;b. Whether the sealings between the tank and oil inlet are properly; the oil inlet is above the oil surface or oil runs out;c. If the elements of rough filter are stuck.(7) If the oil flow distinctly reduced, please check:a. Whether the elements of rough and fine filters are stuck with filth.b. Whether an out blown of the axle seal has occurred due to wear or co- unter rotation.(8) If a sudden pressure drop occurs, please check whether the elements offine filter have been damaged.(1) *63L/min 5m GUC BH-635 GUCA BH-635CZX BH-635CZXA BH-635#Q W(2) 500mm 8m (3)Note: # i - -t .(1)*is Filtration accuracy. If the fluid is water-glycol, flow rate 63L/min filtration accuracy 5m, filter media is paper,the model of pushcart filter is GUC BH-63 5 or GUCA BH-635, the model of fine filter element is CZX BH-63 5 or CZXA BH-63 5. s filter media. Omit if Filter media is paper; Q: Filter media is fibre; w: F ilter media is mesh.(2)To ensure the flow of pushcart filter, the customer should select the inside diameter of the hose according to the above table form, and not flatten the hose when worki ng. The height of suction oil should less than 500mm. The suction pipe can not be prolonged; he return pipe can not be longer than 8m (3)It means seal of pump shaft.SPARE PARTS。
福特Kuga车型技术参数说明说明书
T ECHNICAL S PECIFICATIONSFORD KUGA SPECIFICATIONSFUEL CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMYPetrol enginesCO2 from(g/kmNEDC)Fuel consumption from(l/100 km NEDC)Fuelconsumptionfrom (l/100km WLTP)CO2 from(g/kmWLTP)PowerPSWheelsizeinchCombined Urban ExtraUrban Combined Overall Overall1.5-litreEcoBoost 6-speed manual 12017 127 6.8 4.9 5.6 6.7 15218 130 6.9 5.1 5.8 6.8 15619 130 6.9 5.1 5.8 6.9 1561.5-litreEcoBoost 6-speed manual 15017 125 6.5 4.9 5.5 6.6 15018 129 6.7 5.1 5.7 6.8 15419 129 6.7 5.1 5.7 6.8 15520 129 6.7 5.1 5.7 6.8 155Diesel enginesCO2 from(g/kmNEDC)Fuel consumption from(l/100 km NEDC)Fuelconsumptionfrom (l/100km WLTP)CO2 from(g/kmWLTP)PowerPSWheelsizeinchCombined Urban ExtraUrban Combined Overall Overall1.5-litreEcoBlue 6-speed manual 12017 109 4.7 3.8 4.2 5.1 13318 111 4.8 3.9 4.3 5.2 13619 111 4.8 3.9 4.3 5.2 13620 111 4.8 3.9 4.3 5.2 1371.5-litreEcoBlue 8-speed auto 12017 116 5.0 4.1 4.4 5.4 14118 119 5.1 4.2 4.5 5.5 14519 119 5.1 4.2 4.5 5.5 14620 119 5.1 4.2 4.5 5.6 1462.0-litreEcoBlue 8-speed auto 19017127 5.6 4.3 4.8 5.9 15518129 5.7 4.4 4.9 6.1 15919129 5.7 4.4 4.9 6.1 15920 129 5.7 4.4 4.9 6.1 160Hybrid enginesCO2 from(g/kmNEDC)Fuel consumption from(l/100 km NEDC)Fuelconsumptionfrom (l/100km WLTP)CO2 from(g/kmWLTP)PowerPSWheelsizeinchCombined Urban ExtraUrban Combined Overall Overall2.0-litre EcoBlueHybrid 6-speed manual 15017111 4.7 4.0 4.3 5.0 13218113 4.7 4.1 4.4 5.1 13519113 4.7 4.1 4.4 5.1 13520 113 4.7 4.1 4.4 5.1 1352.5-litre Petrol Plug-In Hybrid 22518 26 N/A N/A 1.2 1.4 3219 26 N/A N/A 1.2 1.4 3220 26 N/A N/A 1.2 1.4 32Electric range NEDC 72 km (44.7 miles)Equivalent all-electric range overall WLTP 56 km (34.8 miles)Equivalent all-electric range city WLTP 68 km (42.2 miles)PERFORMANCEPetrol engines PowerPS Max speedkm/h (mph)0-100 km/hsec50-100 km/hsec11.5-litre EcoBoost6-speed manual120 184 (114) 11.6 9.5 1.5-litre EcoBoost 6-speed manual 150 195 (121) 9.7 9.5Diesel engines PowerPS Max speedkm/h0-100 km/hsec50-100 km/hsec11.5-litre EcoBlue 6-speed manual 120 180 (112) 11.7 11.51.5-litre EcoBlue 8-speed auto 120 177 (110) 12 N/A2.0-litre EcoBlue 8-speed auto 190 208 (129) 8.7 N/AHybrid engines PowerPS Max speedkm/h0-100 km/hsec50-100 km/hsec12.0-litre EcoBlue Hybrid 6-speed manual 150 194 (121) 9.6 7.8 2.5-litre Petrol Plug-In Hybrid 225 200 (124) 9.2 N/A 1 In 4th gearWEIGHTSKerb weight (kg)2GrossVehicleMass(kg)Gross TrainMass(kg)Max.TowableMass(braked)(kg)Max.TowableMass(unbraked)(kg)Max.RoofLoad(kg)1.5-litre EcoBoost (120 PS)6-speed manual FWD 1564 2075 3675 1600 750 75 1.5-litre EcoBoost (150 PS)6-speed manual FWD 1564 2075 3875 1800 750 75 1.5-litre EcoBlue (120 PS)6-speed manual FWD 1576 2085 3585 1500 750 751.5-litre EcoBlue (120 PS)8-speed auto FWD 1599 2110 3610 1500 750 75 2.0-litre EcoBlue (190 PS)8-speed auto AWD 1735 2245 4345 2100 750 752.0-litre EcoBlue Hybrid (150 PS) 6-speed manual FWD 1680 2155 4055 1900 750 752.5-litre Petrol Plug-InHybrid (225 PS) 1844 2320 3520 1200 750 752 Represents the lightest kerbw eight assuming driver at 75 kg, full fluid levels and 90 per cent fuel levels, subject to manufacturing tolerances and options, etc., fitted. Weights represent base model specification w ithout panoramic glass roof.Tow ing limits quoted represent the maximum tow ing ability of the vehicle at its Gross Vehicle Mass to restart on a12 per cent gradient at sea level. The performance and economy of all models w ill be reduced w hen used for tow ing. Gross Train Mass includes trailer w eight.DIMENSIONS3Kuga Trendand TitaniumKugaVignaleKuga ST-LineKuga Plug-In Hybrid(Trend andTitanium)Overall length mm 4614 4629 4626 4614 Overall width with mirrors mm 2178 2178 2178 2178 Overall width without mirrors mm 1883 1883 1883 1883 Overall width with mirrors folded mm 2000 2000 2000 2000 Overall height with roof rails mm 1678 168016661675 Wheelbase mm 2710 2710 2710 2710 Track front mm 1597 1597 1599 1597 Track rear mm 1588 1588 1590 1588 Approach angle deg 19.1 19.3 18.0 18.8 Departure angle deg 23.6 23.5 22.6 24.4 Minimum running ground clearance - kerb mm 191 190 178 160 Ground clearance at maximum load mm 146 148 137 139 Interior First RowHeadroom without sunroof mm 1017 1017 1017 1017 Headroom with sunroof mm 985 985 985 985 Legroom mm 1077 1077 1077 1077 Shoulder room mm 1464 1464 1464 1464 Hip room mm 1410 1410 1410 1410 Interior Second RowHeadroom without sunroof mm 999 999 999 999Headroom with sunroof mm 981 981 981 981 Minimum leg room mm 986 986 986 942 Maximum leg room mm 1035 1035 1035 989 Shoulder room mm 1423 1423 1423 1423 Hip room mm 1355 1355 1355 1355 Cargo CompartmentLift in height mm 715 713 702 712 Cargo height mm 885 855 855 833 Rear opening height mm 773 773 773 773 Loading length at floor to first row mm 1739 1739 1739 1729 Load width between wheel arches mm 1051 1051 1051 1051 Load opening width at floor mm 1070 1070 1070 1070 Luggage capacityCargo volume behind first row (2-seat mode;laden to roof) with tyre repair kit4litres 1534 1534 1534 1481 Cargo length at floor behind second row with tyrerepair kit mm 961 961 961 933 Closed cargo compartment second row (undercargo shade) with tyre repair kit (min-maxlitres 475-645 475-645 475-645 411-581 depending on sliding second row position)3 Front-w heel drive w ith 17- to 19-inch w heels4 V214-1. Dimensions may vary dependent on the model and equipment fitted.DRIVER ASSISTANCE TECHNOLOGIES5Active Park Assist 2Adaptive Cruise Control with Stop & Go, Speed Sign Recognition and Lane CentringAdaptive Front Lighting System (including predictive curve light and sign-based light)Auto high beamAuto lightingBlind Spot Information System (BLIS)Cross Traffic AlertDistance IndicationDriver AlertEmergency Brake AssistEvasive Steering AssistForward Collision Warning with Brake SupportFront and rear parking sensorsFront wide-view cameraGlare-free high beamHill Start AssistIntelligent Speed LimiterEnhanced Lane-Keeping System with Road Edge Detection and BLIS AssistLocal Hazard InformationPost-Collision BrakingPre-Collision Assist with Active Braking (including Intersection functionality)Rain-sensing wipersRear wide-view cameraSelectable Drive ModesTraffic Sign RecognitionWrong Way AlertCOMFORT AND CONVENIENCE512.3-inch LCD instrument clusterB&O Sound SystemFordPass Connect on-board modemHands-free tailgateHead-up displayOpenable panoramic roofRetractable tow barSYNC 3 with 8-inch touchscreenWireless charging pad5Feature availability dependent on vehicle specificationSTEERINGSystem Column-mounted electric power-assisted steering, mechanicalsteering gearRatio 13.75:111.38Turning circle (m)kerb-to-kerbCHASSISFront suspension Independent MacPherson struts, L-shaped lower control arm,steering gear and hollow stabilizer bar mounted on subframeRear suspension Isolated subframe for the Short Long Arm (SLA) independent rearsuspension, multi-compound bushes with different stiffnesscharacteristics separating the subframe from the body structure,springs located below floor, hollow stabilizer.BRAKESFront RearBraking Hydraulically operated dual-circuit system with diagonaldistribution. Vented front discs. Solid rear discs with ElectricPark Brake system (EPB). Electronic four-channel anti-lockbraking system (ABS) with electronic brake-force distribution(EBD). Electronic brake booster on hybrid powertrains and forselected driver assistance technologies. Electronic stabilitycontrol system (ESC), including roll stability control (RSC) andtrailer sway control (TSC).Disc dimensions (mm) Ø308 x 27Ø330 x 27 Ø302 x 11Piston dimensions (mm) Ø57Ø36 (iEPB)2 x Ø44WHEELS & TYRES7 x 17-inch with 225/65 R177.5 x 18-inch with 225/60 R187.5 x 19-inch with 225/55 R197.5 x 20-inch with 245/45 R208.0 x 20-inch with 245/45 R20PETROL ENGINES1.5-litre EcoBoost (120, 150 PS)Type In-line three-cylinder turbo petrol, Ti-VCT, transverse Displacement cm31497Bore Mm 84.0Stroke Mm 90.00Compression ratio 11.0:1Max power PS (kW) 120 (88) 150 (110)at rpm 5500 6000Max torque steady state Nm 240 240at rpm 1600-3000 1600-4000Valve gear DOHC with 4 valves per cylinder, twin independent variable cam timing Cylinders 3 in-line, cylinder deactivation technology on cylinder one Cylinder head Cast aluminium with iron linersCylinder block Cast aluminiumCamshaft drive Chain driven with hydraulic tensionerCrankshaft bearings Cast iron, 6 counterweights, 4 main bearingsEngine management Bosch MG1CS016 with CAN-Bus and individual cylinder knock control.FGEC softwareFuel injection 3 high-pressure direct fuel injection, 6-hole injectors (DI) plus 3 low-pressure port injectors (PFI)Emission level Euro 6d-TEMPEmission control Rapid light-off catalyst, gasoline particulate filter Turbocharger Continental radial-axial (RAAX) turbocharger Lubrication system Two-stage variable displacement oil pumpCooling system Single thermostatTransmission 6-speed manualGear ratios 6th 0.5785th 0.6904th 0.8683rd 1.1942nd 1.9521st 3.727R 3.886FDR 4.056DIESEL ENGINES1.5-litre EcoBlue (120 PS)Type In-line four-cylinder turbo diesel, transverse Displacement cm31499Bore Mm 75.0Stroke Mm 84.8Compression ratio 16.4:1Max power PS (kW) 120 (88)at rpm 4000Max torque steady state Nm 300at rpm 1750-2250Valve gear DOHC with 4 valves per cylinderCylinders 4 in-lineCylinder head Cast aluminiumCylinder block Cast aluminiumCamshaft drive Low-friction, Kevlar-reinforced primary drive belt. Cam-to-cam chain Crankshaft Steel forging, 4 counter-weights, 5 main bearings Engine management Bosch FDECFuel injection Common rail direct fuel injection; 2000 bar injection pressure; 8-holeinjectorsEmission level Euro 6d-TEMPEmission control High-pressure exhaust gas recirculation; water-air charge cooling Turbocharger Low-inertia variable geometry turbocharger with electronic control Lubrication system Pressure-fed lubrication system with full flow oil filter, variabledisplacement oil pumpCooling system Water pump with electrically switchable thermostat Transmission 6-speed manual 8-speed automaticGear ratios6th 0.5785th 0.6904th 0.8683rd 1.1942nd 1.9521st 3.727R 3.886FDR 4.0568th 0.627th 0.756th 1.005th 1.454th 1.923rd 3.012nd 3.311st 4.69R 2.96FDR 3.47 2.0-litre EcoBlue (190 PS)Type In-line four-cylinder turbo diesel, transverse Displacement cm31995Bore Mm 84.00Stroke Mm 90.00Compression ratio 15.8:1Max power PS (kW) 190 (140)at rpm 3500Max torque steady state Nm 400at rpm 2000-3000Valve gear DOHC with 4 valves per cylinderCylinders 4 in-lineCylinder head Cast aluminiumCylinder block Cast ironCamshaft drive Low-friction belt-in-oil with dynamic tensioner Crankshaft Forged steel, 4 counter-weights, 5 main bearings Engine management Ford Common Rail Diesel Engine Management System Fuel injection Common rail direct fuel injection; 2200 bar injection pressure;8-hole piezo-electric injectorsEmission level Euro 6d-TEMPEmission control High- and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation; water-air chargecooling; selective catalytic reduction after treatment Turbocharger Low-inertia variable geometry turbocharger with electronic control Lubrication system Pressure-fed lubrication system with full flow oil filter, variabledisplacement oil pumpCooling system Engine driven water pump with thermostat control Transmission 8-speed automaticGear ratios 8th 0.627th 0.756th 1.005th 1.454th 1.923rd 3.012nd 3.311st 4.69R 2.96FDR 3.17HYBRID ENGINES2.0-litre EcoBlue Hybrid (150 PS)Type Inline four cylinder turbo diesel, transverse Displacement cm31995Bore Mm 84.00Stroke Mm 90.00Compression ratio 15.8:1Max power PS (kW) 150 (110)at rpm 3500Max torque Nm 370at rpm 2000-2500Valve gear DOHC with 4 valves per cylinderCylinders 4 inlineCylinder head Cast aluminiumCylinder block Cast ironCamshaft drive Low-friction belt-in-oil with dynamic tensioner Crankshaft Forged steel, 4 counter-weights, 5 main bearings Engine management Ford Common Rail Diesel Engine Management System Fuel injection Common rail direct fuel injection; 2200 bar injection pressure;8-hole piezo-electric injectorsEmission level Euro 6d-TEMPEmission control High- and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation; water-air chargecooling; selective catalytic reduction after treatment Turbocharger Low-inertia variable geometry turbocharger with electronic control Electric motor 11.5kW belt-driven integrated starter/generator Battery 48V 10Ah lithium-ion air-cooled battery pack Lubrication system Pressure-fed lubrication system with full flow oil filter, variabledisplacement oil pumpCooling system Engine driven water pump with thermostat control Transmission 6-speed manualGear ratios 6th 0.5265th 0.6334th 0.8163rd 1.1562nd 1.8641st 3.583R 3.643FDR 4.5332.5-litre Petrol Plug-In Hybrid (225 PS)Type Atkinson Cycle port fuel injection engineMotor Permanent magnet 3-phase AC synchronous traction motor, liquidcooledMax power PS (kW) 225 (165)at rpm N/AMax torque Nm N/Aat rpm N/ABattery Lithium-ionHigh-voltage cooling system Liquid-cooled/heatedBattery capacity kWh 14.4 kWh 48 AhTransmission Ford-developed single-speed automaticGear ratio 2.91 FDRFuel tank litres 42.7Displacement cm32488Bore mm 89.0Stroke mm 100.0Compression ratio 13.0:1.0Valve gear DOHC with 4 valves per cylinder,Twin independent variable cam timing (Ti-VCT) Cylinders 4 inlineCylinder head AluminiumCylinder block AluminiumCamshaft drive Low-friction belt-in-oil with dynamic tensioner Crankshaft Forged steel, 6 counter-weights, 4 main bearingsEngine management Bosch MED17 with CAN-Bus and individual cylinder knock control.Bosch softwareFuel injection High-pressure direct fuel injection with 6-hole injectors Emission level Euro 6d-TEMPLubrication system Electronically controlled variable displacement oil pump Engine cooling system Liquid cooled, separate from high-voltage cooling/heating systemDRIVE LINEDrive options: AWD: Electronically controlled Ford Intelligent All Wheel Drive with variable torquedistributionFWD: Front-wheel drive# # #Note: The data information in this press release reflects preliminary specifications and was correct at thetime of going to print. However, Ford policy is one of continuous product improvement. The right isreserved to change these details at any time.The declared fuel/energy consumptions, CO2-emissions and electric range are determined according tothe technical requirements and specifications of the European Regulations (EC) 715/2007 and (EU)2017/1151 as last amended. Light Duty Vehicle type-approved using the World Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) will have fuel/energy consumption and CO2-emission information for New European Drive Cycle (NEDC) and WLTP. WLTP will fully replace the NEDC latest by the end of the year 2020. The applied standard test procedures enable comparison between different vehicle types and different manufacturers. During NEDC phase-out, WLTP fuel consumption and CO2 emissions are being correlated back to NEDC. There will be some variance to the previous fuel economy and emissions as some elements of the tests have altered, so the same car might have different fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.About Ford Motor CompanyFord Motor Company is a global company based in Dearborn, Michigan. The company designs, manufactures, markets and services a full line of Ford cars, trucks, SUVs, electrified vehicles and Lincoln luxury vehicles, provides financial services through Ford Motor Credit Company and is pursuing leadership positions in electrification; mobility solutions, including self-driving services; and connected services. Ford employs approximately 190,000 people worldwide. For more information regarding Ford, its products and Ford Motor Credit Company, please visit .Ford of Europe is responsible for producing, selling and servicing Ford brand vehicles in 50 individual markets and employs approximately 46,000 employees at its wholly owned facilities and consolidated joint ventures and approximately 61,000 people when unconsolidated businesses are included. In addition to Ford Motor Credit Company, Ford Europe operations include Ford Customer Service Division and 19 manufacturing facilities (12 wholly owned facilities and seven unconsolidated joint venture facilities). The first Ford cars were shipped to Europe in 1903 – the same year Ford Motor Company was founded. European production started in 1911.Contact: Dan JonesFord of Europe+44 (0) 1268 401917*****************。
gecm4开发板参数
gecm4开发板参数GEC-M4开发板的主要参数如下：1. CPU：STM32F407ZET6，LQFP144。
2. 存储器：板载FLASH为1024K，SRAM为192K；外扩SRAM为IS62WV51216，1M字节；外扩SPI FLASH为W25Q64，8M字节。
3. 接口：1个电源指示灯，4个状态指示灯，1个红外接收头并配备一款小巧的红外遥控器，1个EEPROM芯片24C02，容量256字节，1个六轴传感器MPU6050，1个高性能音频编解码芯片，1个无线模块接口（NRF24L01），1个WIFI模块接口，1路CAN接口采用TJA1050芯片，1路485接口采用SP3485芯片，1路RS232（串口）接口采用SP3232芯片，1路数字温湿度传感器接口支持DS18B20 /DHT11等，1个标准的//寸LCD接口支持触摸屏，1个摄像头模块接口，1个USB串口可用于程序下载和代码调试（USMART调试），1个USB -HOST接口用于USB通信，1个有源蜂鸣器，1个RS232/RS485选择接口，1个RS232/WIFI选择接口，1个RS232/USB转串口选择接口，1个SD卡接口（在板子背面支持SPI/SDIO），1个网络接口，1个标准的JTAG/SWD调试下载口，1个录音头（MIC/咪头），1路立体声音频输出接口，1路立体声录音输入接口，以及一组5V电源供应/接入口。
此外，它还具备以下特性：启动模式选择配置接口。
RTC后备电池座并带电池。
复位按钮可用于复位MCU和LCD。
4个功能按钮其中WK_UP兼具唤醒功能。
电源开关控制整个板的电源。
如需了解更多关于GEC-M4开发板的信息，建议查阅产品手册或咨询厂商。
电容参数：X5R，X7R，Y5V，COG详解
电容参数：X5R，X7R，Y5V，COG详解我们选择⽆极性电容式，不知道⼤家是否有注意到电容的X5R，X7R，Y5V，COG等等看上去很奇怪的参数，有些摸不着头脑，本⼈特意为此查阅了相关的⽂献，现在翻译出来奉献给⼤家。
这类参数描述了电容采⽤的电介质材料类别，温度特性以及误差等参数，不同的值也对应着⼀定的电容容量的范围。
具体来说，就是：X7R常⽤于容量为3300pF~0.33uF的电容，这类电容适⽤于滤波，耦合等场合，电介质常数⽐较⼤，当温度从0°C变化为70°C时，电容容量的变化为±15%；Y5P与Y5V常⽤于容量为150pF~2nF的电容，温度范围⽐较宽，随着温度变化，电容容量变化范围为±10%或者+22%/-82%。
对于其他的编码与温度特性的关系，⼤家可以参考表4-1。
例如，X5R的意思就是该电容的正常⼯作温度为-55°C~+85°C，对应的电容容量变化为±15%。
表4-1 电容的温度与容量误差编码下⾯我们仅就常⽤的NPO、X7R、Z5U和Y5V来介绍⼀下它们的性能和应⽤以及采购中应注意的订货事项以引起⼤家的注意。
不同的公司对于上述不同性能的电容器可能有不同的命名⽅法，这⾥我们引⽤的是AVX公司的命名⽅法，其他公司的产品请参照该公司的产品⼿册。
NPO、X7R、Z5U和Y5V的主要区别是它们的填充介质不同。
在相同的体积下由于填充介质不同所组成的电容器的容量就不同，随之带来的电容器的介质损耗、容量稳定性等也就不同。
所以在使⽤电容器时应根据电容器在电路中作⽤不同来选⽤不同的电容器。
⼀ NPO电容器NPO是⼀种最常⽤的具有温度补偿特性的单⽚陶瓷电容器。
它的填充介质是由铷、钐和⼀些其它稀有氧化物组成的。
NPO电容器是电容量和介质损耗最稳定的电容器之⼀。
在温度从-55℃到+125℃时容量变化为0±30ppm/℃，电容量随频率的变化⼩于±0.3ΔC。
32T-5T起重机、无缝钢管、平板车及矿车、轨道技术要求(修改)
(01包)中城能源有限责任公司QD32/5t双梁吊钩门式起重机技术要求一、主要技术参数名称：双梁吊钩门式起重机型号：QD32/5t-18m数量：2台额定起重重量： 32/5t跨度：18m主钩起升高度： 7.5m 副钩起升高度：8.5m；钢轨型号：43kg/m 轨道长度：288m（72m×4）滑线：160m 工作制度：A5（中度）调速方式：数显变频操作方式：驾驶室+按钮+遥控使用环境：-20—40℃电源：三相交流 50Hz 380/660v二、起升机构技术要求1、主钩起升速度：0.75～7.5m/min；副钩起升速度：1.32～13.2m/min(变频)2、主钩起升电动机：YZP280M-10/45KW；副钩起升电动机：YZP180L-8/18.5KW3、主钩起升减速机：ZQ850-I-3CA40.17；副钩起升减速机：ZQ500-III-3CA 40.174、主钩起升制动器：YWZ-400/125 ×2台；副钩起升制动器：YWZ-300/25×1台三、小车技术要求1、小车运行速度：3.1～31m/min(变频)-6/6.3KW2、小车运行电动机：YZP160M13、小车运行减速机：ZSC600-IV-1 速比：37.94、小车运行制动器：YWZ-200/25×1台5、小车车轮直径：Φ400mm四、大车运行机构技术要求1、大车运行速度：7.4～74m/min(变频)2、大车运行电动机：YZP160L-6/13KW×23、大车运行减速机：ZQ500-V-1；2 速比：31.54、大车运行制动器：YWZ-200/25×25、大车运行轮组直径：Φ700mm6、起重机最大轮压：317KN五、其他1、要求其中1台起重机有悬臂梁，悬臂梁跨度：18+3.8=21.8m2、乙方负责设备(起重机及配套轨道、控制开关)供应、安装及相关质监部门验收。
(02包)毕节中城能源有限责任公司肥田煤矿无缝钢管招标数量及技术要求一、无缝钢管招标数量及技术要求1、管路数量及相关技术参数，详细见下表：无缝钢管数量及相关技术参数表二、无缝钢管技术要求1、执行标准焊管执行标准：GB/T3091-2008 、GB/T21835-2008 、GB/T13793-2008 、GB/T 699-20152、材质无缝钢管采用20#钢。
GUC-400-TN1-M0X系列网络式运动控制器
数量/长度
1 1 2/1.5m 0.5m 3.0m 0.5m 1.0m 1.5m
RS-485
IO扩展模块
⋯ 驱动连接电缆 伺服电机驱动器与端 子板之间的连接电缆
主要应用领域
PCB加工，如PCB钻孔机；包装行业，如糊盒机，烫金机，膜包机，纸包机； 半导体封装行业，如固晶机，绑定机；检测行业，AOI检测；测量设备，测量机；印 染行业，如烫金机，印刷机等；冶金加工行业，飞剪，校直、展平、轧钢等；电子加 工行业：点胶、插件、SMT等；折弯机；眼镜加工行业，镜框加工设备；模具加工行 业：雕铣机，加工中心；服装加工行业，铺布机、缝纫机、绗缝机、横机等。
GOOGOL TECHNOLOGY
GUC-400-TN1-M0X系列网络式运动控制器
产品概述
GUC-400-TN1-M0X是固高科技GUC系列运动控制器的成 员之一 ， 是嵌入式 PC 、 运动控制器及现场网络功能结合为一 体的产品。它符合工业PC标准(JB/T 8384-1996),通过了EMC, 安全规范等多项测试 ， 通过了 CE 认证 。 该产品具有优越的运 动控制功能和性能,丰富的运动控制功能等特别适用于高速、高 精度精确位置控制要求的场合 , 强大的同步控制功能能满足许 多行业的同步控制功能需求，带缓冲区得速度前瞻及小线段预 处理功能的直线插补及圆弧插补功能更是满足了具有轨迹控制 功能要求的场合。如，PCB加工、半导体封装、印染、包装、 剪切、服装加工、雕铣等行业。该运动控制器还提供高速IO现 场总线扩展接口 ， 可进行 IO 的扩展 ， 能满足多 IO 点控制的要 求。此外，该系列产品支持MechatrolinkⅡ, Mechatrolink Ⅲ, CANopen, Rs485, EtherCAT, Glink等现场总线。用户可选用固高科技现场网络IO 扩展模块及人机界面(HMI)，获得一站式控制系统解决方案。
KingbaseES安全审计功能
KingbaseES安全审计功能阐述一、安全审计来源KingbaseES 采用三权分立的安全管理体制主要是解决数据库超级用户权力过度集中的问题，KingbaseES 把数据库管理员分为数据库管理员、安全管理员、审计管理员三类。
数据库管理员：主要负责执行数据库日常管理的各种操作和自主存取控制。
安全管理员：主要负责强制存取控制规则的制定和管理。
审计管理员：主要负责数据库的审计，监督前两类用户的操作，提高数据库的安全性。
二、审计概述对数据库系统中发生的动作（或称为事件），将其对应的操作对象、操作时间等信息记录下来的过程，称为审计；1、依赖关系在实现三权分立时，审计管理员的角色与系统管理员的角色不是合一的。
2、审计的作用数据库审计功能将用户对数据库的所有操作自动记录下来放入审计日志中，审计员（SAO）可以通过对审计日志的分析，对潜在的威胁提前采取有效地措施加以防范。
KingbaseES数据库提供了一套完整的审计机制，用来保证对数据库中的各种行为进行监控，进而为数据库的安全、可靠和有效提供有力的保障。
3、审计事件KingbaseES可以审计的事件，除了服务器事件、系统事件、语句事件、模式对象事件四种事件外，还有其他的事件，如：用户鉴别、自主访问控制、强制访问控制等，这为数据库在安全方面提供了保障。
三、审计设置和审计记录处理审计级别设置是指由审计员（SAO）设定对何种数据库操作进行审计，KingbaseES系统提供了四种级别的审计设置，如：服务器级别审计数据库服务器级别发生的事件，包含以下三种：数据库服务器的启动、数据库服务器的停止、数据库服务器的配置文件重新加载。
简称为：服务器级审计或服务器审计。
系统权限级别在DBMS范围内，对DBMS拥有的结构或模式对象进行操作时如果是通过系统权限获得的操作权限，这样的语句会进行审计，简称为：系统权限级别审计。
语句级别授予用户在该策略上的特权列表模式对象级别在某个确定的模式对象上进行SELECT或DML操作时引发的事件进行审计。
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guc参数
postgresql数据库包含了大量的可调节参数，称为“全局配置参数（GUC）”。
GUC参数运行时使用，可以用来更改数据库的性能和特性。
GUC参数可以根据其类型分为三类:一类是持久的，用于从一个会话的设置持续到另一个会话的设置。
第二类是会话级别的，继承自持久的GUC，但是只有在当前会话有效。
第三类是本地的，它只能在当前的会话中有效，并且不会被持久或会话级别的GUC参数继承。
GUC参数可以使用postgresql客户端或设置程序来进行设置，也可以通过编程方式来设置，比如用PL/SQL设置GUC。
GUC参数一般可以分为几类：
1. 日志和调试参数：这些参数可以用于更改postgresql的日志输出以及错误调试的行为。
2. 性能参数：这些参数可以调整postgresql的内存使用，处理潜力，缓冲池大小，IO性能，等等。
3. 查询计划参数：这些参数用于控制查询计划，包括对深度，跨度，序列扫描方式等等的控制。
4. 安全参数：这些参数用于设置postgresql 数据库系统安全策略，包括设置验证策略，强制SSL连接等等。
5. 配置参数：这类参数控制postgresql如何调用配置功能，如
使用什么认证方法，使用哪种权限管理模型，等等。
GUC参数对postgresql的运行具有重要的影响，比如日志参数用
于检测数据库问题，性能参数用于控制数据库的资源消耗，安全参数
用于提高数据库的安全性和可靠性，查询计划参数用于优化查询性能，配置参数用于控制postgresql配置功能。
使用不当的GUC参数可能会
导致数据库出现问题，例如性能问题或安全漏洞等，因此，在使用GUC 参数之前必须对其行为有很好的理解，在修改GUC参数之前也要进行
相应的测试，以免造成不必要的损失。