外研版英语中考语言基础知识梳理与训练 第4课 七年级下册 Modules 1—4

第4课七下Modules 1—4
课前预热
课堂突破
中考重点词汇精析
一、hard
单词解析
1. adj. 硬的；坚固的；困难的；费力的；艰难的；艰苦的。

如：
①George is hard to get along with.
乔治很难相处。

②I know that he has a very hard life.
我知道他日子过得很艰难。

③The ice is as hard as rock.
冰像岩石一样硬。

2. adv. 努力地；费力地；猛烈地；大量地；困难地；困苦地。

如：
①I work hard and I do well at school.
我学习努力，并且在校表现好。

②She tried hard, but failed.
她努力尝试过，但未能成功。

③It’s raining hard. 雨下得很大。

④The old man is breathing hard.
这位老人呼吸困难。

辨异突破
hard与hardly
hard既是形容词，又是副词。

hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”，表否定意义。

如：
I can hardly finish the work today.
我今天几乎不能完成这工作。

活学活用
用hard或hardly填空。

1. The ground is so_________________ that I can’t dig it.
2. They work very_________________ and their boss is really pleased with them.
3. She is new here, so I_________________ know her.
4. Maths is_________________ for me and I can’t learn it well.
5. He has lived a_________________ life since his parents died.
二、hope
单词解析
1. n. 希望。

如：
The people are full of hope for the future.
人们对未来充满了希望。

2. v. 希望。

如：
He hopes to go to Hainan Island for a vacation. 他希望能够去海南岛度假。

常用搭配：hope to do sth.希望做某事；hope+（that）+宾语从句，希望……；hope for sth. 希望某事发生。

常见变形：hopeful充满希望的；hopeless无望的。

活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I hope_________________ my dream can come true.
2. Joan is hoping_________________ （study）history at Harvard.
3. We were hoping_________________ good weather.
4. We tried to stop the bad news from spreading, but we knew it was_______________ （hope）.
5. Things might get better, but it doesn’t look very_________________ （hope）right now.
三、light
单词解析
1. n.光；光线；发光体；电灯。

如：
①She could just see by the light of the candle. 她借着烛光勉强能看见。

②Suddenly all the lights went out.
突然间所有的灯都灭了。

2. adj. 充满亮光的；明亮的；浅色的；轻的。

如：
Carry this bag─it’s the lightest.
你拿这个包——它最轻。

3. v. 点燃；照亮；使明亮。

过去式：lighted/lit；过去分词：lighted/lit。

如：
The stage was lit by bright spotlights.
舞台上有明亮的聚光灯照亮着。

活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. It’s a bit dark here, because there is only_________________ small light in the big house.
2. All the cars stopped as the traffic_________________ （light）changed to red.
3. You are younger than me, so please carry the smaller and_________________ （light）box.
4. All the candles_________________ （light）and the room became so bright.
5. The colour of your skirt is as_________________ （light）as mine.
中考重点句型精析
一、—What are you going to do?
你们将要做什么？
—We’re going to cheer the players.
我们将去为运动员欢呼。

句型解析
1. is/am/are going to+动词原形，表示“将要/打算做……”，用于一般将来时。

2. I用am，第三人称单数用is，其他人称用are。

3. 变为一般疑问句时，将be动词放在主语前面。

如：
—What is he going to do this weekend?
这周末他将要做什么？
—He is going to visit his grandparents.
他将要去看望他的爷爷奶奶。

活学活用
用所给词的适当形式填空。

1._________________ （be）you going to watch TV this evening?
2. Where_________________ （be）he going for the summer holiday?
3. I am going_________________ （help）my mother with her housework.
4. They are going_________________ （return）tomorrow.
5. Tony and Daming_________________ （not）going to have a picnic with us. They have lots of homework to do.
6. There_________________ （be）two football matches in our school next week.
二、Everyone will study at home.
每个人都将在家里学习。

句型解析
1. 主语+will/won’t+动词原形，意为“某人将做/将不做……”。

2. will放在句首的一般疑问句形式：Will+主语+动词原形?。

肯定回答：Yes，主语+will.；否定回答：No，主语+won’t.。

如：
①We will always need teachers.
我们将总是需要老师。

②Will schools be different in the future?
在未来，学校将会不一样吗？
③Maybe there won’t be any schools.
也许将来没有任何学校。

④They won’t have a lot of homework to do.
他们将没有大量的作业要做。

活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. I will_________________ （miss）my teachers and friends.
2. —Will students use books in the future?
—No, they_________________ （not）.
3. Computers won’t_________________ （are）able to do that.
4. Maybe there won’t_________________ any teachers in the future.
三、I can play the piano. 我会弹钢琴。

句型解析
1. “sb.+can+动词原形”表示“某人会做某事”。

如：
Daming can speak Chinese.
大明会说中文。

2. “sb.+cannot/can’t+动词原形”表示“某人不会做某事”。

如：
We cannot/can’t swim. 我们不会游泳。

3. 变为疑问句时，将can提至主语的前面。

如：
①What can you do?
你会做什么？
②Can Tony play table tennis?
托尼会打乒乓球吗？
注意：（1）can在口语中可以代替may，表示许可或可以。

（2）can’t在口语中代替mustn’t时，表示禁止或不准。

如：
You can’t play football in the street.
不准在街上踢足球。

（3）情态动词can的过去式could，用于现在时,可使语气更委婉、更客气。

如：Could you please help me with my English?
你能帮助我学习英语吗？
（4）can’t也可以表示可能性，意为“不可能”。

如：
It can’t be Miss Li. She has gone to Beijing.
她不可能是李小姐。

李小姐已经去北京了。

活学活用
填入适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. She can play basketball, but she_________________ play football.
2. Can you_________________ （drive）a car?
3. —_________________ can you do, Mary?
—I can play the piano and swim.
4. He likes English and he_________________ speak English really well.
5. Someone is knocking at the door. It_________________ be Wang Dan, because she has gone to Shanghai.
6. —Mr Wang,_________________ I finish my home-work tomorrow?
—Sorry, you can’t.
当堂检测
一、选词填空
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。

每词限用一次。

1. —_________________ bag is this?
—It’s Mary’s. Here is her name.
2. Mr Brown lost himself in this_________________ city.
3. —Bill speaks Chinese very well. Who_________________him?
—No one. He has been learning it by himself.
4._________________ people, animals also have their interests.
5. Kate’s room is not_________________ . Her things are here and there.
二、单词拼写
1. There wasn’t much_________________ （交通）on the roads.
2. She has_________________ （保证）to do all she can to help.
3. The reading room can hold a_________________ （百）people.
4. Be_________________ （小心的）—there’s broken glass on the floor!
5._________________ （每个人）disliked him because of his hot temper.
6. Everything’s packed, and we’re_________________ （准备好的）to leave.
7. It was late afternoon and the_________________ （光线）was beginning to fade.
8. We_________________ （希望）that more women will decide to join the course.
9. I’m glad she’s happy at last—she’s had such a_________________ （艰苦的）time.
10. We are so much looking_________________ （面向未来的）to seeing you again.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

The Eco-House
Simon Dale didn’t want to live in a city’s apartment building. So he made up his mind
1_________________（build）his own home in the countryside. He moved to Wales with his family and built a wooden eco-house. With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a 2_________________（comfort）new home after only four months. 3_________________ cost only $4,700 to build the house.
The eco-house is made of natural 4_________________（material）. Simon Dale and his father-in-law 5_________________（dig）into the side of a hill and then used the mud and stone to make the walls. The floors 6_________________（make）from wood from the nearby area. The design is open-plan. There is no central heating, 7_________________ there’s a wood-burner and solar panels（太阳能电池板）on the top8_________________ can provide power for lighting, music and computing. Drinking water is from a nearby spring. The fridge stays cool, thanks 9_________________ air from under the ground. Simon Dale says, “We try to live in peace with the natural world.”He has 10_________________（certain）done his best to achieve that.
参考答案
第4课七下Modules 1—4课堂突破
【中考重点词汇精析】
一、1. hard 2. hard 3. hardly 4. hard 5. hard
二、1. that 2. to study 3. for 4. hopeless 5. hopeful
三、1. a 2. lights 3. lighter 4. were lit 5. light
【中考重点句型精析】
一、1. Are 2. is 3. to help 4. to return 5. are not/aren’t
6. are going to be/will be
二、1. miss 2. won’t 3. be 4. be
三、1. can’t 2. drive 3. What 4. can 5. can’t 6. may
当堂检测
一、1. Whose 2. strange 3. teaches 4. Just like 5. tidy
二、1. traffic 2. promised 3. hundred 4. careful
5. Everyone/Everybody
6. ready
7. light
8. hope
9. hard
10. forward
三、1. to build 2. comfortable 3. It 4. materials 5. dug
6. are made
7. but
8. which/that
9. to 10. certainly。