专题 非谓语动词(一)-2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析(解析版)

2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析

18 非谓语动词（一）

非谓语动词是高考考查的最重要的内容之一。非谓语动词内容繁多，形式多样，很多学生深感头疼。其实，同学们只要从非谓语动词的作用与形式两个方面入手，非谓语动词的所有问题便可迎刃而解。

1．非谓语动词的作用：非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。

2．非谓语动词的形式

考点一非谓语动词作主语

1.不定式和动名词作主语

不定式和动名词都能作主语，动名词作主语表示比较抽象的、一般的动作；不定式则多表示更具体的某一次的动作，尤其是将来的动作。

1. _________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. （2019天津）

A. Learn

B. Learned

C. Learning

D. Having learned

【答案】C

【解析】这里是作主语，用动名词；表示一般动作，用一般式。

2. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. （2018北京）

A. Travel

B. Traveling

C. Having traveled

D. Traveled

【答案】B

【解析】这里是作主语，用动名词；表示一般动作，用一般式。

3．______ a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven't saved enough money．(2016江苏) A．Buy B．Buying C．Bought D．Having bought

【答案】B

【解析】这里是作主语，用动名词；表示一般动作，用一般式。

4. ______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. (2015安

徽)

A. Ignore

B. Ignoring

C. Ignored

D. Having ignored

【答案】B

【解析】这里是作主语，用动名词；表示一般动作，用一般式。

5. ________ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. (2013浙江)

A Hearing

B Hear

C Having heard

D To be hearing

【答案】A

【解析】这里是动名词作主语。

6. ________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. (2013福建)

A. Known

B. Having known

C. Knowing

D. Being known

【答案】C

【解析】这里是动名词短语作主语。

7. He told us whether __________ a picnic was still under discussion. (2012四川)

A. to have

B. having

C. have

D. had

【答案】A

【解析】这里是“疑问词(whether) + 不定式”在宾语从句中作主语。

2.it作形式主语

不定式作主语时，由于结构的需要，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式后置；动名词在个别结构中作主语时也可后置，主要有It’s no use/good/need doing sth.等。

1. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better ______ silent. (2012浙江)

A. remain

B. be remaining

C. having remained

D. to remain

【答案】D

【解析】不定式作主语后置，it是形式主语。

2. It’s no use ______ without taking action. (2011上海)

A. complain

B. complaining

C. being complained

D. to be complained

【答案】B

【解析】it’s no use后接动名词；complain是不及物动词，故用主动式。

3. The doctor thought ______ would be good for you to have a holiday. (2010 全国)

A. this

B. that

C. one

D. it

【答案】D

【解析】thought后是一个宾语从句，从句的真正主语是不定式的复合结构for you to have holiday，故用it 作形式主语。

考点二非谓语动词作宾语

不定式和动名词都能作宾语。要牢记哪些动词只能跟不定式作宾语，哪些动词只能跟不定式作宾语，哪些动词既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意思完全不同。

1. 不定式作宾语。

以下动词只能接不定式作宾语：afford, agree, aim, appear, apply, arrange, beg, claim, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, happen, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, remain, strive, tend, threaten, undertake, volunteer, want, wish等；动词decide, discover, discuss, explain, know, learn, show, tell, think, understand, wonder等常跟“疑问词+ 不定式”作宾语。

1. I ca n’t stand ____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ____ talking while she works. (2006北京) A．working; stopping B．to work; stopping

C．working; to stop D．to work; to stop

【答案】C

【解析】stand后只能接动名词作宾语；refuse后只能接不定式作宾语。故选C。

2. 动名词作动词和介词的宾语

以下动词只能接动名词作宾语：admit, advise, allow, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, practice, risk, stand, suggest, understand等。

1. The film star wears glasses. Therefore he can go shopping without ______. (2014北京)

A. recognizing

B. being recognized

C. having recognized

D. having been recognized

【答案】B