硬质合金的烧结气氛及其控制

硬质合金的烧结气氛及其控制
The Sintering Atmosphere of Hard Alloy and Its Control
目前，硬质合金的烧结已在金属切削、航空航天、机械制造、医疗器械等诸多行业中得到广泛应用，它能替代传统钢制件，具有较高的热韧性和耐磨性。

为了保证硬质合金烧结工艺在精度、性能、耐久性等方面都满足要求，烧结气氛控制显得尤为重要。

At present, the sintering of hard alloy has been widely used in many industries such as metal cutting, aerospace, mechanical manufacturing and medical instrument industry. It can replace traditional steel parts and has high thermal toughness and wear resistance. In order to ensure that the sintering process of hard alloy meets the requirements in precision, performance and durability, the control of sintering atmosphere is particularly important.
硬质合金的烧结气氛控制一般分为4类：真空烧结、气氛烧结、助烧剂烧结和半气体烧结。

真空烧结指的是在真空状态下进行烧结，气氛烧结指的是空气、氮气或氩气等常压气体为主要气氛烧结，助烧剂烧结指的是添加助烧剂，以改善烧结气氛烧结，而半气体烧结则指的是混合真空和气体烧结。

The control of sintering atmosphere of hard alloy is generally divided into four categories: vacuum sintering, atmosphere sintering, sintering aid sintering and semi-gas sintering. Vacuum sintering refers to sintering in vacuum state,
atmosphere sintering refers to sintering under atmosphere of air, nitrogen or argon and other atmospheric pressure gases as the main atmosphere, sintering aid sintering refers to the addition
of sintering aids to improve the sintering atmosphere, and semi-gas sintering refers to the mixed vacuum and gas sintering.
根据成型原理的不同，硬质合金的烧结气氛可以分为固溶处理型、凝
固型和渗透型。

固溶处理型主要指钨钼系列、硬合金、润滑硬合金和铸造
硬合金等，采用氮气或氩气进行烧结。

凝固型主要指金刚石、金刚砂和金
刚粉等，采用真空或气气进行烧。