2020届河北衡水高三英语复习讲义(三十七)高考语法非谓语动词(定语)、名词性从句考点最全整理总结

2020届河北衡水高三英语复习讲义（三十七）
高考语法非谓语动词（定语）、名词性从句考点最全整理总结非谓语动词作定语
---动词作定语修饰名词或代词,“…的”
1、to do作定语
---放在被修饰的词后
1) the only/ first/ last/ next + n. to do...
something/ thing to do...
2) have... time/way/ chance / courage/ opportunity/ reason/ plan/ wish to do...
意义：“有...”
例如：
1) He is always the first person _______(come) and the last one _________(leave).
2) We should have the courage ________(face) any difficulty.
3) He had no reason ________(leave) his friend and live alone on the island.
4) He has a great wish ________(travel) around the world.
注意：不定式作定语时，有时与所修饰的名词有动宾关系时，如果不定式为不及物动词，后面应有相应的介词。

例如：
1) There is nothing to worry about.
2) There are many interesting books to choose from. But I don't know which to borrow.
2、doing作定语
---单词放在前，词组放在后
1) 说明用途（相当于：名词 is used for doing）
a swimming pool a reading room a walking stick
2) 与修饰的名词为主动和/或进行的意义
boiling water
falling leaves
the rising sun
Who is the man _______(stand) by the door?
They lived in a house ______ (face) south.
3、done作定语
---单个词放在前，词组放在后
1) 与修饰的名词为被动和/或完成的意义
boiled water
fallen leaves
developed countries
Most of the people _______(invite) to the party were famous scientists.
What is the language ________(speak) in Germany?
2) 非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式比较：
① N+to be done
表示将来的动作“要...的...”
明年将要建造的桥
the bridge ____(build) next year
② N+being done
表示正在进行的动作“正在...的...”
现在正在建造的桥
the bridge ____(build) now
③ N+done
表示完成的动作“已...的...”
十年前造的桥
the bridge____(build) 10 years ago
思考题
1. 看下面两个句子，分析一下。

1) What is the language spoken in Germany?
2) What is the language which is spoken in Germany?
两句的意思是一样的，请问同学们：第一句用spoken, 为什么第二句用的是is spoken呢。

2. 另外，the bridge being built now与The bridge is being built now.的区别是什么？
思考题1 1）用spoken是因为spoken（过去分词）作language的后置定语，它实际上等于2）的which is spoken，只不过它省略了which is 意
思是：你知道什么语言被德国讲吗？思考题2 the bridge being bulit 的意思是正在被建造的桥，它省略了which is,它等于The bridge which is being built. Bridge is being built now.的意思是桥正在被建造，它表示现在进行时的被动语态。

名词性从句常用句型整理
一.主语从句
1. It is clear (certain, likely, reasonable, …) that 从句
显而易见的是/可能/...是合理的
2. It is a pity (an honor, no wonder…) that 从句
可惜的是...
...是荣幸的事。

...不足为奇。

3. It is believed (generally acknowledge, suggested…) that从句
有人认为...
人们普通认为...
有人建议...
4. It (suddenly, never) occurred to me that 从句
我突然想到...
我从没想到
It hit me that 从句
It struck me that 从句
我突然想到...
5. It turned out that 从句
结果...
6. It happened that 从句
碰巧的是...
7. It doesn't matter whether (or not) 从句是否...没有关系
8. It remained to be seen whether 从句
是否...尚不清楚。

二、宾语从句
1. consider it hard that 从句
认为…很难
2. make it possible that 从句
使…有可能
3. make sb realize how …it is to do sth 使…意识到(做)…是多么…
4. do (whatever I can) to do sth
尽力做…
5. (Whoever…) will …
无论谁…将…
6. No one can deny that 从句
无可否认...
三、表语从句
1. That is why/ because….
这是为什么/因为...
2. That's when/where/ what …
这是...的时候/地方/的事(东西)
3. The reason is that 从句
原因是...
4. The fact/truth is that 从句
事实上, ...
5. My suggestion is that 从句
我的建议是...
6. (Confidence) is what it takes (to achieve success). ...是(做...)所需要的。

7. It looks as if…
看起来...
It seems that/ as if…
似乎...
四、同位语从句
1. Despite the fact that 从句，…
尽管...
2. There is a common belief that 从句
人们普通认为...
3. There is no possibility/ chance that 从句
有可能...
4. There is no doubt that 从句
毫无疑问，...
5. There is no denying that 从句
不可否认...
最后请同学们比较下面的句型，并能仿写：1) It is known to us that从句
As is known to us, …
What is known to us is that 从句
众所周知，...
2) It is surprising that 从句
What surprises me most is that 从句
令人吃惊的是...。