高中英语 Unit 9 Wheels Section Ⅱ Language Points (Ⅰ) (Warm-up

SectionⅡLanguage Points (Ⅰ) (Warm­up & Lesson 1)
[语言基础自测]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Most probably they'll post them somewhere so people elsewhere can have the benefit(得益，好处) of what you have sitting in the classroom.
2．I have been fed up with the heavy work and the tiring talk.
3．The buses transport(运送) passengers from the bus station to hotels.
4．The police are hopeful of finding more clues to the traffic accident.
5．Will it be convenient(方便的) for you to start work tomorrow?
6．There will be serious consequences if the cost of life continues to rise. 7．He was arrested(逮捕) for drunk driving.
8．Don't argue with me，John.Just do what I tell you.
9．Wherever(无论何地)you go，your parents will care about you.
10．I know little about the truth actually．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．actual adj.实际的；事实上的→actually adv.实际地，真实地
2．benefit vi. & n．得益；好处→beneficial n．有利的；有益的
3．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n．方便；便利
4．consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的→consequently adv.因此；所以→consequence n．后果，结果
5．argue vi.争辩，争吵→argument n．说服；辩论
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
2．more than 多余，超过
3．have an effect on 对……有影响
4．in consequence 结果
5．benefit from 受益于
6．give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车
7．work out 锻炼身体，做运动
8．by sea 乘船，走海路
9．thanks to 由于，幸亏
10．fed up 不愉快的，厌烦的
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．I haven't worked out how much the decoration of my new house will cost.
2．I'm fed up with this boring life.
3．Today thanks to the Internet，you can do all your Christmas shopping at home. 4．They talked on the phone for more than an hour.
5．I dare say that he benefits from the advice of his friends.
[寻规律、巧记忆]
Ⅴ.
1．Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
不管在哪里结束旅途，他们都会把自行车放在那里以便其他人使用。

[记句式结构]wherever引导让步状语从句
[仿写促落实]这位电影明星所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。

Wherever the film star goes，there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 2．The problem was that it didn't work...
问题是这种做法行不通……
[记句式结构]that引导表语从句
[仿写促落实]真正的问题是没有一个人有汽车。

The real difficulty is that no one has a car．
3．A boy，all wet，is coming out of the pond in the park.
一个男孩浑身湿透了，从公园的池塘里走出来。

[记句式结构]独立主格结构
[仿写促落实]他把毛衣穿反了。

He put on his sweater，wrong side out．
[核心要点探究]
benefit n．利益；好处v．(使)受益
(教材P36)People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years. 多年来，在阿姆斯特丹的人们一直享受着骑自行车的好处。

(1)benefit sb./sth. 有益于某人/某物
benefit from... 从……中受益
(2)for sb.'s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.
为了某人的利益，为了帮助某人
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的
be beneficial to＝be of benefit to 对……有益
Sunshine is beneficial(benefit) to plants.
日照对植物有益。

②Regular exercise is of great benefit to our health.
定期锻炼对健康有益。

③Some countries — especially those in northern Europe — actually benefit from
a bit of warming.
一些国家，特别是北欧国家，实际上从全球小幅变暖中受益。

[图形助记]
benefit 的双向表达
A B
convenient adj.方便的；便利的
(教材P36)It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.
这是个骑自行车的好城市，因为它的道路平坦，因此方便骑车。

(1)if/when it is/was convenient to/for sb.
如果某人方便的话/当某人方便时
It is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.
某人方便做某事
(2)convenience n. 方便，便利
for convenience 为方便起见
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
①It is not convenient for me to ring him up.
我现在不便于给他打电话。

②Come to see me whenever it is convenient to you.
你什么时候方便就什么时候来看我。

③Please send me an answer at your convenience(convenient)．
请在你方便时给我回信。

[名师点津]
(1)convenient作表语时，其主语不能是人，一般是sth.或it。

(2)convenience意为“方便，便利”时，用作不可数名词；意为“便利的事物，便利设施”时，用作可数名词。

in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
(教材P36)In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans had an idea.
在20世纪60年代，一群自行车迷有了一个想法。

(1)表示在某个世纪的几十年代，用“in the＋年份(尾数为0)＋s/'s”。

有时年份前还可加修饰词early/middle/late，表示在“某世纪某年代的早期/中期/后期”。

in the early 1990s/1990's 在20世纪90年代早期
in the late 1760s/1760's 在18世纪60年代后期
(2)“in one's＋逢十的基数词的复数”意为“在某人几十岁的时候”。

in his teens 在他十几岁时
in her twenties 在她20多岁时
她在20世纪60年代早期成为家喻户晓的人物。

②My daughter preferred to dance when she was in her twenties(twenty)．
我女儿在二十几岁时更喜欢跳舞。

(教材P36)Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
不管在哪里结束旅途，他们都会把自行车放在那里以便其他人使用。

【要点提炼】wherever“无论在哪里”，引导让步状语从句。

(1)wherever，whenever，however，whoever，whichever，whatever 等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”。

(2)whoever，whichever，whatever 等也可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone that 或anything
that ，但是“no matter＋疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。

①Whoever (＝No matter who) last leaves the room ，he should make sure that the windows are closed.
不管谁最后离开房间，都应该确保关上窗户。

②Whenever and wherever (＝No matter when and where)he comes across his students ，the teacher says hello to them.
不管什么时候在什么地方碰到自己的学生，这位老师都会和他们打招呼。

③Tell whoever you like —it makes no difference to me.(＝Tell anyone that you like —it makes no difference to me.)
你想告诉谁就告诉谁吧，我无所谓。

more than 多于；超过
(教材P 36)However ，more than thirty years later ，the “white bike ” is back in town —this time with a computer chip to record its every move ！然而，30多年后，“白色自行车”又出现在城区中了——这次每辆车上都装有电脑芯片来记录它的每一次行动！ more than ＋数词 超过，多于(相当于over)
more than one ＋n .不止一个……(作主语时，谓语用单数)
more than ＋n .不只是……，不仅仅是……
more than ＋adj ./adv ./v .非常/十分……
more than ＋句子(常含can/could)超出……的能力范围
More than one house was burnt(burn) down in the fire.
不止一所房子在火灾中烧毁。

②Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer ，too.
杰森不仅是个演讲家，还是个作家。

fed up 不愉快的；厌烦的
(教材P 36)You look fed up ！你看起来不高兴！
⎭
⎪⎬⎪⎫
be fed up with/about be tired of
be bored with 对……厌烦 feed...on/with... 用……喂养……
feed on... 以……为主食；以……当饲料
feed up... 给……吃营养食物；养肥；使吃饱
feed...to...
把……喂给……
我受够了他的懒惰和粗心。

②Owls feed on mice and other small animals.
猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。

③You'd better feed these fresh vegetables to the little boy.
你最好把这些新鲜的蔬菜给那个小男孩吃。

consequence n．后果；结果
(教材P37)A past activity that has some consequences in the present
过去的行为对现在造成后果
(1)in consequence＝as a consequence＝as a result
因此；所以
in consequence of＝as a consequence of＝as a result of
由于
take/accept the consequences of 承担……的后果
of no consequence 无关紧要
(2)consequently adv. 因此，所以
and in consequence we had to walk.
我们没有足够的钱买车票，所以只能步行。

②In consequence of your bad work，I am forced to dismiss you.
你工作不好，我只能解雇你。

work out锻炼身体，做运动；计算出；制定出；被证明有效/切实可行；进展
(教材P37)Work out in the gym
在健身房锻炼身体
写出下列句中work out的含义
①He works out with weights twice a week.锻炼，健身
②The situation worked out quite well.结果是(相当于 turn out)
③I can't work out this problem.解决(问题)
④We have to work out how much food we'll need for the party.计算出(数量、价格、答案等)
work at 从事；致力于，钻研
work for 为……工作，为……做事
work off 除去；解除
work on 继续工作；影响；从事
work over 检查；研究
work with 与……共事，与……合作
I have had to work for every single penny I earned.
我挣的每一便士都是辛苦工作得来的。

⑥I spent some time (in) working over these books.
我花了一些时间去好好研究这些书籍。

argue vi.争辩，争吵；论证；证明
(教材P37)Argue with someone与某人争辩/吵
(1)argue with sb.about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth. 为支持/反对
某事而辩论
argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/
不做某事
(2)beyond argument 无需争论
have an argument with...over/about
就……和……争论
get into an argument with 和……争论
They argued for the right to strike.
他们据理力争罢工权利。

②It's no use arguing about the question with him for he won't change his opinion.关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，他不会改变自己的观点的。

③They argued him into cycling(cycle) instead of driving there.
他们说服他骑自行车而不是开车去那里。

[解构长句难句]
They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.
【分析】本句为主从复合句。

主句为They believed，that引导宾语从句。

该宾语从句又是一个主从复合句，含有if引导的条件状语从句。

【翻译】他们认为如果不让汽车驶入市中心，只让自行车进入，那会对每个人都有好处。

[随堂效果落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She has never benefited from all that experience.
2．By the way，will it be convenient to see the room now?
3．Thanks to the bad weather，the match had been cancelled.
4．The basketball players are working out at the gym.
5．Whenever(when)I hear the story，I cannot help crying.
6．As a consequence of smoking，my father coughs frequently.
7．I am fed(feed)up with waiting for her to telephone.
8．Fresh air and good food are beneficial(benefit) to the health.
9．We came to an understanding after the argument(argue)．
10．Actually(actual) I have been taught history for five years.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Did you benefit the new way of doing business？benefit后加from
2．He is very convenient to pay by credit card.He→It
3．In the twenties，Charles began to write and soon became famous.the→his
4．As a consequence of，the country declined into poverty and ignorance.去掉of 5．He was very tired，therefore he didn't give the market report.therefore前加and
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．无论多忙，她都愿意帮助你。

She is willing to help you，however busy she is．
2．由于科技的发展，我们可以很方便地在网络、手机上享受阅读。

As a consequence of the development of technology，it is convenient for us to enjoy reading on the Internet and phone.
3．我经常因为看哪类书和我家人争辩。

I often argue with my family about which kind of books to read.
4．众所周知，读书使我们受益匪浅。

It's well known that we benefit a lot from reading．
5．因特网使我们相互之间联系更便利。

Internet makes it convenient for us to get in touch with each other.
[语法专项突破]
现在完成进行时
[精要点拨]
一、意义
现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能还要继续进行下去。

二、构成
肯定形式：have/has＋been doing(第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have)
I have been waiting for you.我一直在等你。

否定形式：have/has＋not＋been doing
He hasn't been using the car for the last two months.
过去两个月他一直没用车。

三、用法
1．表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去。

通常和“for ＋时间段”或“since＋时间点(或从句)”的时间状语连用。

It has been snowing for three hours.
雪已经下了三个小时了。

(从过去某一时间开始下雪，强调到现在还在下)
2．表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。

这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。

Her eyes are red.It's obvious that she has been crying for a long time.
她的眼睛红红的，显然哭了很长时间。

3．强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。

She has always been working hard.
她工作一直很努力。

4．表示这段时间反复发生的事情。

I have been visiting some cities of China this month.
这个月我一直在访问中国的一些城市。

[名师点津]
不能用于进行时的动词如表示心理活动、属性拥有、表象感官、行为结果的动词不用于现在完成进行时。

我已经感冒两周了。

I have been having a cold for two weeks.(×)
I have had a cold for two weeks.(√)
[应用落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You should go to bed.You have been watching(watch) TV for 5 hours.
2．I have been writing(write)letters since 6 o'clock.
3．I have been working(work)in this school since I graduated from college.Now I am still working here.
4．You know，I have been looking(look)for a job for three months，and this is my first formal interview.
5．The little boy is dirty all over because he has been playing/has played(play)in the mud all the morning.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It has been rained since last Sunday.
rained→raining
2．She is very tired.She's been typed letters all day.
typed→typing
3．I have waiting for two hours.have后加been
4．His eyes are red.He have been working too hard recently.have→has
5．We've been stayed in a hotel since we came here.
stayed→staying。