新版外研版八年级英语下册Module4知识点总结及练习(无答案)

have a cold :表示 感冒"的持续状态，相当于：
have got a cold
（新版）八年级英语下册 Module 4学习材料
1. 构词法：身体部位的某些名词 + ache （疼痛） 构成短语为：have （got ） / get a ••…表示 患了
病”
（考点）：head+ache=headache
/ stomach+ache=stomachache tooth+ache=toothache
/ back+ache=backache
2. ill 和sick 都代表 生病的，有病的”
（考点）：①ill : 一般放在系动词后面作表语，不能放在名词前修饰名词作定语，叫
叙述形容词
ill （形容词）一（名词）illness 病，疾病 ②
sick :既可在系动词后
面作表语，也能放在名词前修饰名词作定语，叫
状态形容词 例题：（
）.The nurse looked after the ________ chd. A. ill B. ill ness C. sick D. healthful ( ).You ' d better put on your coat, or you ____ . ll get _____
A. ill
B. ill ness
C. sick
D. healthful (
).That boy had to drop out of school because of his ____________ :
A. ill
B. ill ness
C. sick
D. healthful
3. since :自从••…以来到现在(现在完成时中的 表持续”意义的重要标志) (考点)：①.since +时间点：表示从过去某一时刻起一直到现在
②
since +时间状语从句：表示从过去某一时刻起一直到现在；并且
从句必须用过去时
例题：(
).1 ' ve bee n in Beiji ng si nee ______ .
A. ten years
B. 2003
C. ten — year
D. I begin to work there
(
).They have bee n good friends since they __________ first time.
A. meet
B. met
C. have met
D. meet ing
in the past
••/•duri ng the last
....
④当现在完成时表持续与可持续时间段状语连用时，要求把
结束完成： 例如： 成为：become be have been 借东西：borrow keep have kept
关闭： close be closed have bee n closed 开，打开：open be open
have been open
away
起床：get up be up have bee n up 丢失：lose be lost have been lost married 死: die be dead have been dead
例题：(
).I ______________ in Beiji ng si nee I __ 瞬间动词转为持续状态”***
finish be over
have bee n over 来: come be here have bee n here
去离开： go / leave
be away have bee n
开始：begi n be on have bee n on
结婚： marry be married have been
参加，加入： joi n be in have bee n in
join be a.......... member ( be a member of
........ ) Chi na.
头东西：buy have have had
4. 现在完成时的标志词：
（考点）：①表结果：already / just / always / yet / not •*• •…yet
②表经历：
③表持续：ever / never / before / once (twice) 、many times
si nee +时间点(时间状语从句)/ ever since ...... 时/间段+ / so far…
A. have come; came
B. came ; came
C. have bee n; came
D. have come; have come
( ).They ________________ for ten years.
A. married
B. marry
C. have married
D. have bee n married
5. Have you caught a col d?
(考点)：have a cold 和catch a cold 的区别:
③ 当表 “练习；训练 ”时既可作可数名词、也可作不可数名词。

④ exercise 作动词： exercise 是动词原型，exercises 是单三形式。

-
例题：（
）.If you don take _______ , you will get fat. So you
' d better do morning _____ e very
day. --*--*--*-- *--*
A. exercise; exercise
B. exercises; exercise
C. exercises; exercises
D. exercise ; exercises
7. too many / too much / much too 的辨别：
（考点）： too many ：常作形容词使用，修饰可数名词的数量
too much ：常作形容词使用，修饰不可数名词的数量 much too ：常作副词使用，修饰其他的形容词或副词
例题： （
）. --- The meat is _____________ delicious.--- Yes, but don 'teat _________ *..**
_..**..* *.
_.**..*
_.
A. too much; too much
B. much too; too much
C. too much; much too
D. much too; much too
8. It can be very harmful to your health.
（考点）：①be harmful to •…:•对 是有害的/ be good fro •…:•对 有好处
② health ：健康（不可数名词） in good health （in excellent condition ） / in poor health
*..**..**..**..**..
*
（ 形容词 ） healthy keep healthy / stay healthy 保持健康 = keep fit / stay fit --*--*--*--*--*
9. can be / must be ：可以表示 “肯定的推测 ”
例题： （ ）. --- You won he first prize in the Physics competition.
--*--*--*--*- -*
--- ____________ . I made several terrible mistake *..**..*s *..**..**..* .
A. I think so.
B. You must be joking.
C. You are welcome.
D. It doesn ' t m --*--*--*--*a --* tter.
*10. Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. --*--*--*- -*--* （考点）：by :通过••…方法，方式
make a living （ by ） d oing sth :靠做某事 .. 谋生
make a livi ng as :作为 ...... 为生（通常连接身份或职业） make a living on sth ：依靠 ……东西为生
*11. 开始做某事： begin / start + to do sth 与 begin / start + doing sth 的辨别 *..**..**..**..**..
（考点）：①begin / start + to do sth :指开始做某事，但是目前还没有行动。

用不定式表示对某事的 一种计划或意
愿。

--*--*--*--*--
② begin / start + doing ：指开始做某事，现在已经着手行动了。

接动名词表示做某事的一 种状态或过程。

--*--*--*--*--*
*③ 在进行时或主语指物或天气时，
begin / start + to d o sth. --*--*--*--*--*
12. take part in 与 join / join in 的辨别
（考点）： join ：参加（指参加某一团体，组织，机构，成为其中的一名成员） join in ：参加（指参加游戏，比赛，
竞赛等活动，往往此活动正在进行着） take part in ：参加（指参加会议，集会或群众性活动，并在活动中
catch a cold ：表示 “感冒”的行为结果，不能与表示持续的时间状语连用。

例题：昨晚她感冒了，但现在还没好呢，她感冒两天了。

She _______ _______ _______ y_e_sterday, but she isn ________ _________ for two -d -*--*--*- -*a --* ys.
（ ）. My brother ______________ these days, so he can
A. catches a cold
B. has a cold
C. has caught a cold
6. exercise ：可数性和不可数性 （考点）：①当exercise 表体格锻炼，运动"时，为
不可数名词
②当表 “体操；（一种）运动；练习；实习；习题；练习 'fint e now and she -*--
' t go to school.
D. has had a cold
--*--*--*--*--
常用成 take / do exercise *..**..**..**..**..
教
材） ”时，为可数名词；
发挥作用）
*13. en ough :充足的，充分的
(考点)：①enough作形容词用修饰名词，通常放在名词前面表示"充足的，足够的...... 东西”
② enough 作程度副词用修饰形容词，副词或动词是放在所修饰词后面。

*③ 句型：not+形容词+enoughtodosth :表示"做某事还不够的 ........ ”
=too…(形容词)to do sth：太.... 而不能做某事
=so…(形容词)that +否定句：如此的 ..... 以至于不能...
例题：( ). He doesn'trun ___________ to catch the bus. *..**..**..**..**..
A. very fast
B. enough fast
C. much faster
D. fast enough --*--*--*--*--
( ). My sister isn 't ___________ to get the full mark. --*--*- -*--*- -*
A. carefully
B. careful enough
C. enough careful
D. careful very *..* *..**..**..* *..*
句型转化：He isn'told enough to join the army.
= He is _________ ________ ________ _________ the army. *..* *..**..**..* *..*
= He is ___________ __________ __________ __________ _________ __________ t he
army.
*..**..**..**.. **..*
*14. rather ：(adv). 相当
(考点)：①••…rather than……:是……而不是……；并列连词，要求前后连接的词的形式要一致
② would rather + d o sth ：宁愿做某事、宁可做某事woul d rather not + do sth (否定句) would rather do
sth than d o sth :宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
例题：( ). --- Which d o you like better, Chinese food or Western food? *..**..**..* *..**..*
--- I would rather ___________ Chinese food. Le'st have noodles.--*--*--*-- *--*
A. to have
B. having
C. had
D. have
15. see sb doing sth 和see sb do sth 的辨别
（考点）：① 感官动词+ sb + doing sth :表示"感知到动作正在发生的那一时刻”
在此结构中doing 代表“正在发生” ，有时伴随具体的时间状语。

② 感官动词+ sb + do sth :表示“感知到动作发生的全过程，代表事情已做过” 在此结构中do 代表“做
过的或经常性动作” ，有时伴随频率副词。

例题：( ). When I walked past the park, I saw some ol d people ______________ Ch i n e se T-a-*--*--*- -*i--* ji.
A. do
B. did
C. doing
D. are doing
( ). I heard some people ___________________ in the park yesterd--*--*--*--*-a-* y.
A. sing
B. sang
C. singing
D. to sing
( ). My teacher often finds me _______________ h omew o rk at schoo*..**l..**..**..**..*
A. do
B. did
C. doing
D. does
16. mind ：介意，反对 (考点) mind + d oing sth ：介意做某事，反对做某事
①“Would/Do you mind doing ... ?意为" ..... 你介意吗？
②“Would/Do you mind + 人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词+ doing ...？
意为“某人做某事，你介意吗？” 。

例题：（
Would/ Do you mind not d oing sth ？意为“不要做某事你介意吗？” ).
—So hot in the classroom. Would you mind _________ the windows？
—OK. I'll do it right now.
A. not closing
B. not opening ). Do you mind the radio a littl
A. turning off
B. to turn d own ). Would you mind not here ？
A. sing
B. singing
C. to sing ). —Would
you mind opening the wind
A. Of course ，open it
B. Not at all ). —It
's too hot. Woul d you mind my
C. closing
D. opening e bit ？I am doing my
homework.
C. turning down
D. turning up I' m doing my
homework.
D. sang
ow ？— ______
C. Certainly
D. No，don ' t do it
__ the wind ow？—___ . Do it as you like，
please！
A. to open ；OK
B. opening ；Certainly not
C. closing；Of course
D.
open；Good idea
17. 看病的日常用语 (考点：补全对话)
①．询问某人那儿不舒服：
What' s wrong with ............. W?at'
How long have you been like this?
②. 表示感觉不舒服，表示疾病的用语：
don' t feel wee / fine / all
have (got) / get a …
③．表示诊断的用语：
Don't worry. It not se'ri s ous. You
Take the medicine three times a day.
④．评论某人身体状况的用语：
There ' s something with .................
He is a little / much better now.
He is feeling well / better now. d better ........... I.' ll give you some medic in e.
There ' s nothing serious with --*--*--*--*--*
…
He is even worse than before. *..**..**..**..**..*
得了感冒catch a cold / have (got) a cold 测量某人的体温take one 's temperature 那就是••…的原因That' s why ............ 在……的前面in front of …… 服用一些药take some medicine 快餐fast food
……当中的一名成员a member of …… 健康良好in excellent condition 在过去的几年里in the last few years 面带笑容with a smile on one 's face 浑身，到处all over
去跑步go for a run
乘地铁on the underground 最初at first 关掉turn off
短语总结：
我认为不是这样I don 't think s o--*--*--*--*-- . 发
烧have a fever
做锻炼take / do (some) exercise *..**..**..**..**..*
对……是有害的be harmful to …*…..**..**..**.. **..* 一天三次three times a day --*--*--*--* --* 决定做某事decide to do sth --*--*--*-- *--* 参加take part in ……
感觉很健康feel very fit *..**..**..**..**.. 感觉非常困乏feel very sleepy --*--*- -*--*- -* 感到不舒服feel awful --*--*--*--*--* 太……而不能……
too …… to …--*--*--* --*--* … 是. 而不是rather .......... tha n
(某身体部位)疼痛have a pain in
时而from time to time --*--*--*--*- -*
比如such as
s the trouble with ……?
feel sick / ill / bad / terrible *..**..**..**.. **..* (fever / headache / stomachache表示患了.........................................病”。