Unit 2 Section B-2020-2021学年八年级英语下册课时同步练(人教版)(解析版)

Unit 2I'll help to clean up the city parks.
课时2 Section B
（满分：100分时间：40分钟）
一、单项选择（共10小题，每小题2分，共计20分）
1．If you don’t know the meaning of the word, you can __________ in the dictionary.
A．write it down B．look it up C．take it away D．set it up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果你不知道单词意思，你可以查字典。

考查动词短语。

write down 写下；look up 查阅；take away带走；set up建立；根据“don’t know the meaning of the word”以及“in the dictionary”可知，此处指的是“查阅”，故选B。

2．The game is________ than that one.
A．exciting B．more exciting C．excited D．more excited
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这场比赛比那一场更令人兴奋。

考查形容词比较级。

exciting令人兴奋的，物作主语；excited感到兴奋的，人作主语。

主语“game”是指物，且“than”用于比较级，故选B。

3．— Which is ________ of the twins, Lucy or Lily?
—It’s hard to say. Both of them are good at their lessons.
A．cleverer B．the cleverer C．cleverest D．the cleverest
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——这对双胞胎中谁更聪明，露西还是莉莉？——这很难说。

她们两个都擅长她们的课程。

考查形容词的比较级。

cleverer更聪明，比较级；cleverest最聪明，最高级。

由“Lucy or Lily”可知此处表示两个之间的比较，用比较级；the+比较级+of the two表示“两者中较……的一个”，故选B。

4．—Hi, Dick. Could you offer to help to ________ a group to help homeless animals?
—That sounds great. I believe we will do a good job.
A．set up B．give up C．fix up D．pick up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——嗨，迪克。

你能帮忙成立一个团体来帮助无家可归的动物吗？——听起来不错。

我相信我们会做好的。

考查动词短语。

set up设立；成立；give up放弃；fix up修理；pick up捡起。

根据宾语a group可知是“成立一个团体”。

故选A。

5．The six students plan to _____ a student volunteer organization at their school.
A．look up B．set up C．cheer up D．clean up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：那六名学生计划在他们的学校成立一个学生志愿者社团。

本题考查动词短语。

look up 抬头看，查阅；set up建立，成立，cheer up使振作起来，clean up打扫。

根据宾语a student volunteer organization可知，此处表示成立一个学生志愿者社团，故选B。

6．He was_______ when he heard this piece of _______ news．
A．excited；exciting B．exciting；excited
C．excited；excited D．excite；excited
【答案】A
【详解】A 考查动词的分词辨析。

句意：当他听到这个激动的消息时，他很兴奋。

根据﹣ing 结尾的形容词修饰物和ed结尾的形容词修饰人，题干主语为he，可知修饰人，故第一个空填入excited，根据第二空修饰名词news，故填入exciting修饰物。

两空分别故填入excited；exciting．
故选A．
7．—What can we do to cheer up sick kids in the hospital, Jason?
—We could __________ some books and toys to them.
A．put away B．move away
C．give away D．take away
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—— Jason，我们可以做什么来鼓舞在医院里的生病的孩子们？——我们可以把一些书和玩具捐给他们。

考查动词短语辨析。

A. put away把……收起来，放好；B. move away移走，搬走；C. give away捐赠；D. take away把……拿走。

根据to cheer up sick kids，可知，给病人捐东西，鼓舞他们。

故选C。

8．______! It’s not the end of the world. Let’s try again.
A．Put up B．Set up C．Cheer up D．Pick up
【答案】C
【详解】句意：振作起来。

还不是世界末日。

我们再试试。

考查动词短语辨析。

A. Put up挂起，举起，抬起，张贴；B. Set up成立，建立；C. Cheer up高兴起来，振作起来；D. Pick up拾起，捡起。

不是毫无办法了，我们再试试，打起精神来。

振作起来。

故选C。

9．—What’s wrong with him?
—He got _______ in an accident．
A．happy B．injured C．excited D．surprised
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——他怎么了？——他在一次事故中受伤了。

考查形容词辨析。

happy开心的；injured 受伤的；excited激动地；surprised惊讶的。

根据“in an accident”可知，此处构成短语“get injured”，意为“受伤，故选B。

10．Thank you for your help, Linda. You made ______ possible for us to finish the work on time.
A．this B．it C．them D．That
【答案】B
【分析】试题分析：句意:Linda，非常感谢你的帮助，是你让我们及时完成工作成为可能。

本句中的句型是make it 形容词for sb. to do sth. 使做某事…。

这个句型中的it 是一个形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式的形式。

this, that 和them都不可以做形式宾语。

故选B。

二、根据首字母提示完成单词。

（共10小题，每小题1分，共计10分）
11．My alarm clock doesn’t work. Please help to r________________it.
12．—Did you get a l________________from Jill last month?
—No. I haven’t heard from her for a long time.
13．This bag of rice is not heavy and I can c______________ it.
14．—Is Jack’s cousin c_______________?
—Yes, Jack and his cousin are both smart.
15．When I painted my room, I c_______________ the color from blue to green.
16．Fallen trees, b_________________ windows and rubbish were everywhere after the storm.
17．We should try our best to help the d__________ people.
18．It's hard to i________ the difficulties the doctors had at the beginning of the epidemic in Wuhan. —Yes. He can't see anything.
19．—Mr. Black is a b________ person, right?
20．Jimmy now has 16 bikes to fix up and will give them a________ to children who don’t have bikes.【答案】
11．repair
12．letter
13．carry
14．clever
15．changed
16.broken
17.disabled
18.imagine
19.blind
20.away
三.根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。

每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

方框中有两个词是多余的。

（共10小题，每小题1分，共计10分）
I have a great dad. His name is Frank Burke. We 21．lots of time together. I enjoy being with him. He is the best father to my 22．Ellen and Anne, my brother J. R. and me.
My dad enjoys 23．to the movies（电影院）with us on the weekend. We go to the movies 24．a week, on Saturday. On the way home, my dad always talks about the movies with us. He wants us to learn 25．from the movies.
We often ride bikes together on Sundays. My dad thinks it’s good for our health. He hopes all of us can stay 26．.
My dad swims well. He thinks swimming is good exercise. We often go to the beach and 27．with him.
My dad also likes ball 28．. His favourite football team is the New York Jets and his favourite baseball （棒球）team is the New York Mets. When we watch a game on TV, my dad always 29．us a lot about the history of each team.
My dad likes going fishing, so he often takes us out on boat rides. He is also good at 30．. He often cooks delicious food for us.
【答案】21．spend22．sisters23．going24．once25．something
26．healthy27．swim28．games29．tells30．cooking
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者喜欢和父亲在一起，文中讲述了他们的日常生活。

21．句意：我们花费许多时间在一起。

根据下文I enjoy being with him.可知上文是说我们花费许多时间在一起。

Spend表示花费，这里是一般现在时态，主语是we，动词用原形。

根据题意，故填spend。

22．句意：他对于我的姐姐Ellen和Anne和我是最好的父亲。

根据Ellen and Anne可知，这里是复数，用sister的复数形式。

根据句意，故填sisters。

23．句意：在周末我的爸爸喜欢和我们一起去看电影。

短语enjoy doing sth.表示喜欢去做某事。

短语go to the movies表示去看电影。

根据句意，故填going。

24．句意：我们一周去看一次电影。

短语once a week表示一周一次。

根据句意，故填once。

25．句意：他想让我们从电影中学到一些东西。

Something一些东西。

不定代词，作learn的宾语。

根据句意，故填something。

26．句意：他希望我们所有的人保持健康。

Stay healthy表示保持健康。

形容词作表语，根据句意，故填healthy。

27．句意：我们经常去沙滩和他一起游泳。

根据上文My dad swims well. He thinks swimming is good exercise.可知下文是说和他一起去游泳。

根据题意，故填swim。

28．句意：我的爸爸也喜欢球类游戏。

根据下文His favourite football team is the New York Jets and his favourite baseball（棒球）team is the New York Mets.可知这里是说球类游戏。

根据句意，故填games。

29．句意：当我们在电视上看比赛时，我爸爸总是告诉我们很多关于每支球队的历史。

短语tell sb.sth.表示告诉某人某事。

主语是单数第三人称，故填tells。

30．句意：他也擅长烹饪。

他经常给我们做美味的食物。

短语be good at doing sth.表示擅长做某事。

根据下文He often cooks delicious food for us.可知这里是擅长做饭。

根据句意，故填cooking。

四．完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）
Greg Mortenson hates to be called a hero, but in the mountains of Pakistan and Afghanistan, that’s
31 people call him. He was born in the United States, but grew up in Africa. His 32 was mountain climbing. He climbed his first mountain, Mount Kilimanjaro, when he was only eleven. Many years later, when his younger sister died suddenly, he 33 to climb Pakistan’s K2 in her 34 . K2 is the second highest mountain in the world. He didn’t 35 the top of K2 and after seventy-eight days at high altitude, he was completely 36 . On his way back he got lost and finally, unable to walk
37 , he stumbled into the tiny village of Korphe.
The villagers 38 him and nursed him back to health. He soon realized how 39 these
people were. When he asked to see the village school, they took 40 to the village square. But there was no school —41 , the children were sitting on the ground outside, without a teacher, writing in the sand with sticks. He could see that the children were 42 for knowledge and were doing their best to learn, even in such difficult conditions. So he 43 to return and build a school for them.
Back in America he started a(n) 44 called Pennies for Pakistan. School children asked their friends and families to donate pennies and the pennies became dollars. After three years of fundraising, he went back to Korphe. He has helped them to build more than sixty schools and this has 45 the lives of many young people.
31．A．that B．which C．what D．how
32．A．hobby B．habit C．dream D．job 33．A．remembered B．decided C．allowed D．failed
34．A．way B．opinion C．place D．memory
35．A．visit B．reach C．leave D．notice
36．A．busy B．crazy C．lost D．tired
37．A．properly B．probably C．simply D．separately
38．A．called on B．called for C．looked after D．looked for 39．A．foolish B．lazy C．far D．poor
40．A．it B．him C．you D．us
41．A．instead B．however C．soon D．besides
42．A．thankful B．famous C．ready D．thirsty 43．A．succeeded B．wondered C．promised D．explained 44．A．research B．program C．design D．invention 45．A．changed B．improved C．saved D．afforded
【答案】31．C32．A33．B34．C35．B
36．D37．A38．C39．D40．B
41．A42．D43．C44．B45．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了格雷格•莫滕森偶然被巴基斯坦一个村庄村民所救，然后为报恩为他们建学校的故事。

31．句意：但在巴基斯坦和阿富汗的山区，人们就是这么称呼他的。

考查宾语从句引导词。

A. that在句中无词义，不充当句子成分；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D. how
怎么样。

根据句子结构，空格处所填宾语从句引导词在从句中作宾补，故应用what，故选C。

32．句意：他的爱好是爬山。

考查名词。

A. hobby爱好；B. habit习惯；C. dream梦想；D. job工作。

根据下文He climbed his first mountain, Mount Kilimanjaro, when he was only eleven可知，爬山是他的爱好，很小的时候他就去爬了乞力马扎罗山。

A选项符合句意，故选A。

33．句意：多年后，当他的妹妹突然去世时，他决定代替她去攀登巴基斯坦的K2。

考查动词。

A. remembered记得；B. decided决定；C. allowed允许；D. failed失败。

根据下文He didn’t reach the top of K2可知，他决定去爬巴基斯坦的K2，decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，符合句意，故选B。

34．句意：多年后，当他的妹妹突然去世时，他决定代替她去攀登巴基斯坦的K2。

考查名词。

A. way方法；B. opinion意见；C. place地点；D. memory记忆。

根据上文when his younger sister died suddenly可知，他妹妹的突然离世使他做出了去攀登巴基斯坦的K2的决定，故此处说的是他决定代替她去攀登巴基斯坦的K2。

in one’s place意为“代替某人”符合句意，故选C。

35．句意：他没有到达K2的顶峰。

考查动词。

A. visit拜访；B. reach到达；C. leave离开；D. notice通知。

空格后为the top of，通常搭配动词reach，意为“到达……的顶峰”，符合句意，故选B。

36．句意：在高海拔呆了78天后，他完全精疲力尽了。

考查形容词。

A. busy忙碌的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. lost迷路的；D. tired疲倦的。

根据上文after seventy-eight days at high altitude可知，他在高海拔呆了78天后，整个人完全精疲力尽了。

D选项符合句意，故选D。

37．句意：最后，由于无法正常行走，他跌跌撞撞地走进了科尔菲这个小村庄。

考查副词。

A. properly恰当地；B. probably很可能；C. simply仅仅；D. separately分别地。

根据下文he stumbled into the tiny village of Korphe可知，他跌跌撞撞地走进了科尔菲这个小村庄，此时他已经无法正常行走了。

A选项符合句意，故选A。

38．句意：村民们照顾他，并使他恢复了健康。

考查动词短语。

A. called on呼吁；B. called for要求；C. looked after照顾；D. looked for寻找。

根据下文nursed him back to health可知，村民们照顾他，并使他恢复了健康。

C选项符合句意，故选C。

39．句意：他很快就意识到这些人有多贫困。

考查形容词。

A. foolish愚蠢的；B. lazy懒的；C. far远的；D. poor贫困的。

根据下文But there was no
school — instead, the children were sitting on the ground outside, without a teacher, writing in the sand with sticks可知，村子很穷，一所学校也没有，教师也没有。

D选项符合句意，故选D。

40．句意：当他要求去看乡村学校时，他们把他带到了村广场上。

考查代词。

A. it它；B. him他；C. you你（们）；D. us我们。

根据上文When he asked to see the village school可知，格雷格·莫滕森要求去看乡村学校，于是村民们把他带到了村广场上。

B选项符合句意，故选B。

41．句意：相反，孩子们坐在外面的地上，没有老师讲课，他们用棍子在沙地上写字。

考查副词。

A. instead反而；B. however然而；C. soon马上；D. besides此外。

根据上文But there was no school可知，它与空格后的句子为顺承关系，故应用instead，意为“相反，反而”，符合句意，故选A。

42．句意：他看得出来，孩子们渴望知识。

考查形容词。

A. thankful感激的；B. famous著名的；C. ready准备好的；D. thirsty渴望的。

根据下文were doing their best to learn, even in such difficult conditions可知，孩子们很渴望知识，即使在这样困难的条件下，也在尽力学习。

be thirsty for意为“渴望”，符合句意，故选D。

43．句意：所以他答应回来为他们建一所学校。

考查动词。

A. succeeded成功；B. wondered想知道；C. promised承诺；D. explained解释。

根据下文He has helped them to build more than sixty schools可知，格雷格•莫滕森承诺会回来为他们建一所学校。

C选项符合句意，故选C。

44．句意：回到美国后，他便启动了一个名为“Pennies for Pakistan”的项目。

考查名词。

A. research研究；B. program项目；C. design设计；D. invention发明。

根据下文After three years of fundraising可知，Pennies for Pakistan是一个为建学校筹款的项目，B选项符合句意，故选B。

45．句意：这改变了许多年轻人的人生。

考查动词。

A. changed改变；B. improved改善；C. saved拯救；D. afforded负担得起。

根据上文He has helped them to build more than sixty schools可知，他帮助他们建了60多所学校，通过给年轻人带去知识，改变了许多人的人生。

A选项符合句意，故选A。

五、阅读理解。

（共10小题，每小题2分，共计20分）
A
My name is Sam. I joined a club called "Passing Help" last month.
Now let me tell you why I joined it.
One evening this May, on my way home my old car broke down(出故障). It was 25 miles away from my
home. I wanted to get a ride, but there was no car. It was also hard to take a taxi. I decided to take a bus home.
I went to a bus stop nearby.
After a while, a bus came, but it did not go to my town. The bus driver was a young woman. She was kind and she told me which bus I should take. I waited there for about thirty minutes, but no bus came. At last a car came to me and a woman came out of the car. She was just the bus driver.
"When I reached the bus station, I heard that the bus to your town couldn't come, so I returned here. I just can't leave you here," she said. "Get in my car and I will take you back to your home."
"It is a long way," I said.
"Come on, sir," she said. "Let's go."
On the way she told me a story. A few days ago, there wasn't gas(汽油) in her car. An old man drove her up to a gas station and then back to her car.
When we got to my home, I wanted to give her some money to thank her, but she didn't accept it. "I only want to help others and do something nice for somebody. Pass it along," she said.
46．What happened to Sam one evening this May?
A．He got lost. B．His car broke down.
C．He was hurt in an accident. D．He couldn't reach the gas station.
47．Sam didn't think of going home ______ that evening.
A．by train B．by bus C．by car D．by taxi
48．From the passage, we know that the young woman was ______.
A．a club boss B．a taxi driver C．a bus driver D．a gas station worker 49．The young woman wanted Sam to ______.
A．give her some money B．get on her bus
C．take her to her house D．help others just as she did
50．The best title of the passage is “______”.
A．A Kind Old Man B．Getting a Ride C．Passing Help D．A Broken Car
【答案】46．B47．A48．C49．D50．C
【分析】文章大意：一天，Sam在回家的路上车坏了，一名女司机帮助了他，从交谈中得知，以前女司机有困难的时候，别人也帮助过她。

她也希望Sam将这份帮助的爱心传递下去，Sam因此加入了“传递帮助”俱乐部。

46．细节理解题。

根据第3段中“One evening this May, on my way home my old car broke down.”可
知Sam的车坏了。

故选B。

47．细节理解题。

根据第3段中“I wanted to get a ride, but there was no car. It was also hard to take a taxi.
I decided to take a bus home.”可知Sam想过乘小汽车、出租车和公交车，但未想过乘火车。

故选A。

48．细节理解题。

根据第4段中“The bus driver was a young woman.”及“She was just the bus driver.”可知这位年轻女士是一名汽车司机。

故选C。

49．细节理解题。

根据年轻女士最后的话“I only want to help others and do something nice for somebody. Pass it along”可知她希望Sam把帮助别人这件事传递下去。

故选D。

50．标题归纳题。

根据第一段中Sam加入了“Passing Help”俱乐部，及下文讲的两个与传递帮助相关的故事，可推出用“Passing Help”做标题最合适。

故选C。

B
Sand is a common sight in the world. But you might not know that sand is also a useful resource (资源).
Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after water, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of it.
Sand is made up of very small pieces of rock, soil and minerals (矿物质). It can take tens of thousands of years to form.
But now we are using sand more quickly than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year to build houses, roads and other things.
People also put sand in the sea to make new islands. Singapore, for example, is now 20 percent bigger than it was in 1965. Palm islands are three large man-made islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. They took 94 million cubic meters of sand to build.
If people keep using this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction (建造) sand by 2020, Live Science noted.
Since people need so much sand, they are trying to mine (开采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may cause beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (栖息地) of many plants and animals.
51．What does the story tell us about sand?
A．It can only be found on beaches. B．It is the most-used resource in the world.
C．It can never be used up. D．It can be used to build houses.
52．According to the passage, which country is using sand to build islands?
A．Singapore and Vietnam. B．Singapore and United Arab Emirates.
C．Britain and America. D．United Arab Emirates and Vietnam.
53．Every year, we use about________tons of sand.
A．94 million B．20 billion C．20 million D．15 billion
54．We are running out of sand because________.
A．there is only a little sand in the world B．we are using sand too quickly
C．we cannot mine enough sand D．our environment is badly polluted
55．In places close to the sea, more floods will happen because of________.
A．overmining of sand B．climate change
C．the increasing size of certain islands D．the death of some plants
【答案】51．B52．B53．D54．B55．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了沙子作为一种有用的资源，在日常生活中用途广泛，但地球上沙子的数量是有限的，如今人们过量开采沙子，这对环境和自然生态都很不利。

51．细节理解题。

根据Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after water，可知，沙子是有用的资源。

故选B。

52．细节理解题。

根据文章第五段People also put sand in the sea to make new islands. Singapore, …They took 94 million cubic meters of sand to build.，可知，新加坡和阿联酋用沙子填海修建新岛屿。

故选B。

53．细节理解题。

根据According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year to build houses, roads and other things，可知，每年我们用大概150亿吨沙子去修建房子，修建马路和其他的东西。

故选D。

54．细节理解题。

根据But now we-are using sand more quickly than it is being formed“但是现在我们使用沙子的速度比它形成的快”，所以沙子有一天会被用完耗尽。

故选B。

55．细节理解题。

根据Mining sand may cause beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea“大量地采沙可能会导致近海地方的沙滩消失，洪水频发”，可知，洪水频发是因为大量地采沙导致的。

故选A。

六．从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话, 有两项多余（共5小题，每小题2分，共计10分）
A: Hello! Kangkang. 56．?
B: Hi, Li Lei! I’m going to the post office.
A: 57．?
B: I'm going to send some clothes and books to the students in Wenchuan.
A: You're really warm-hearted . 58．?
B: No, they can't. Their school buildings fell down and the government is rebuilding schools for them.
A: It's good news. I hope they can go to school early.
B: 59．. Oh, what about you? What will you do for the students there to show your love?
A: 60．.
B: Money? That's good. Shall we go to the post office together?
A: Good idea. Let's go!
【答案】
56．Where are you going
57．What are you going to do
58．Can they go to school now
59．I hope so
60．I will send some money( to the students there)
【分析】本文是康康和李磊的对话，对话中双方提到都要去邮局给汶川地震中的学生邮寄书，衣物和钱，并希望那的学生可以尽早重返校园。

56．根据“I’m going to the post office”，可知，此处询问对方“你要去哪里”，故填Where are you going。

57．根据“I’m going to the post office”及“I'm going to send some clothes and books to the student s in Wenchuan”，可知，此处询问对方去邮局做什么，故填What are you going to do。

58．根据“I'm going to send some clothes and books to the students in Wenchuan”及“No, they can't. Their school buildings fell down and the government is rebuilding schools for them”，可知，此空是以can为开头的一般疑问句，询问那些学生现在可以去上学吗，故填Can they go to school now。

59．根据“I hope they can go to school early”，可知，此处也应表达自己的希望“我希望如此”，故填I hope so。

60．根据“What will you do for the students there to show your love”及“Money”，可知，此处表示要给那的学生送一些钱，故填I will send some money( to the students there)。