Unit1Themassmedia(单词短语句型语法)
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班级姓名学号分数
Unit 1 The mass media
单元重点单词短语句型语法精练
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)
1. ________(trap) in a net around the rock,the dolphin wasn't able to swim up to get air.
【答案】Trapped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:这只海豚被困在岩石周围的网中,无法游上去呼吸空气。
分析句子可知,此空应填非谓语动词,the dolphin与trap为被动关系,应用过去分词形式作状语,位于句首时,首字母应大写。
故填Trapped。
2. The film started attracting widespread attention even before ________(release) thanks to social media discussions about it.
【答案】being released
【详解】考查动名词。
句意:由于社交媒体上的讨论,这部电影在上映之前就已经引起了广泛的关注。
此空为非谓语动词作before的宾语,介词before后应为动名词形式作宾语,且逻辑主语The film与动词release 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,所以应用动名词的被动形式。
故填being released。
3. I’ve spoken to him dozens ________ times, but I still don’t know his name!
【答案】of
【详解】考查介词。
句意:我和他谈了很多次,但我仍然不知道他的名字!dozens of (很多)。
故填of。
4. She ________(scream) for half an hour before someone came to her aid.
【答案】had screamed
【详解】考查时态。
句意:她尖叫了半个小时才有人来帮助她。
设空处为谓语,根据时间状语从句before someone came to her aid,可知主句发生在“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,故填had screamed。
5. When th e girl saw a dog ________(bark) there, she daren’t enter the yard.
【答案】barking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:当那个女孩看到有狗在那里叫时,她不敢进入院子。
see sb./sth. doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”,空处需填现在分词barking,作宾语补足语。
故填barking。
6. The witness opposed ________(turn) up at the court, which made him worried.
【答案】turning
【详解】考查动名词。
句意:证人反对出庭,这使他很担心。
oppose doing意为“反对做某事”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用动名词作宾语。
turn up意为“出现”。
故填turning。
7. What’s more, videos about the three years’ life, which ________(witn ess) the whole process of our growth, were played.
【答案】witnessed
【详解】考查时态。
句意:此外,还播放了三年生活的视频,见证了我们成长的整个过程。
结合主句谓语were played,定语从句时态也用一般过去时,witness是定语从句谓语动词,从句主语which指代先行词videos,
非人称主语句采用“无灵主语”,表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等,但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”表示人或社会团体的动作和行为,如:see,desert,find,bring,witness,give,escape,surround,kill,deprive,serve,send,know,tell,permit,invite,take,drive,prevent…from 等,这类句子往往带有拟人化的修辞色彩。
故填witnessed。
8. For them, the program is an opportunity to interact ________ male role models.
【答案】with
【详解】考查介词。
句意:对她们来说,这个项目是一个与男性榜样互动的机会。
interact with“与……互动”,固定短语,故填with。
9. Price is determined through the ________(interact) of demand and supply.
【答案】interaction
【详解】考查名词。
句意:价格是由供需相互作用决定的。
作介词的宾语,应用名词interaction,不可数。
故填interaction。
10. Cookery shows and documentaries about food ________(broadcast) more often than before.
【答案】are broadcast
【详解】考查时态和语态。
句意:烹饪节目和关于食物的纪录片比以前更频繁地播出。
根据句意以及“than before”可知此句陈述目前状况,用一般现在时;主语Cookery shows and documentaries about food与动词broadcast之间为被动关系,Cookery shows and documentaries about food主语,be动词用are,故填are broadcast。
11. The carnival held in our school last week ________(sponsor) by several famous graduates.
【答案】was sponsored
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。
句意:上周在我们学校举行的嘉年华由几位著名的毕业生赞助。
根据last week 可知,这是描述过去的事情,用一般过去时。
分析句子可知,carnival和sponsor是被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态。
故填was sponsored。
12. The boss of the pany will sponsor 100 poor students ________(enter) college per year.
【答案】to enter
【详解】考查固定短语。
句意:这家公司的老板每年会赞助100个贫困学生进入大学。
sponsor sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“赞助某人做某事”,故填to enter。
13. ________(absorb) in the experiment, the professor didn’t realize it was already past midnight.
【答案】Absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:全神贯注于实验,教授没有意识到已经过了午夜。
本句谓语为didn’t realize,此处为非谓语动词,且the professor与absorb“吸引全部注意力,使全神贯注”为被动关系,应用过去分词,作状语,位于句首,首字母大写。
absorbed in“专心于”是固定搭配。
故填Absorbed。
14. In order to attract more customers, many supermarkets usually sell their goods ________ a discount at weekends.
【答案】at
【详解】考查介词。
句意:为了吸引更多的顾客,许多超市通常在周末打折出售商品。
sell sth at...以……价
格出售,固定搭配,故填at。
15. Reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is ________(criticize) to future development.
【答案】critical
【详解】考查形容词。
句意:减少大气中的二氧化碳含量对未来的发展至关重要。
形容词critical作表语,意为“至关重要的”。
故填critical。
16. The earthquake which took place last week caused ________(extend) damage to the locals.
【答案】extensive
【详解】考查形容词。
句意:上周发生的地震给当地人造成了广泛的破坏。
空处需填形容词extensive作定语,修饰名词damage,extensive意为“广泛的”。
故填extensive。
17. The country decided to have an ________(extend)of government control on the market.
【答案】extension
【详解】考查名词。
句意:国家决定扩大政府对市场的控制。
空处应填名词和下文of构成名词所有格,冠词an提示用其单数。
故填extension。
18. Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road ________(construct). 【答案】construction
【详解】考查名词。
句意:江苏位于“一带一路”交汇点,将为“一带一路”建设作出更多贡献。
分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作宾语,使用名词,construct为动词,其名词为:construction,故填construction。
19. Only a ________(minor) of British households do not have a car.
【答案】minority
【详解】考查名词。
句意:只有少数英国家庭没有汽车。
分析句子可知,冠词a后面应填名词,minority表“少数”,为可数名词,符合句意,而a minority of“少数的”,为固定搭配。
故填minority。
20. The workers of the coal department usually e here, ________(bathe) in clean water of the river.
【答案】bathing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:煤炭部门的工人们经常来这里,在清澈的河水中沐浴。
分析句子结构可知bathe在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语workers构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。
故填bathing。
21. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day that ________(automatic) controls just everything in our home.
【答案】automatically
【详解】考查副词。
句意:在未来,我们将每天使用先进的技术,自动控制家里的一切。
分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要副词,修饰动词controls,作状语。
故填automatically。
22. The bank conducted its own ________(investigate) into the robbery.
【答案】investigation
【详解】考查名词。
句意:银行对这起抢劫案进行了自己的调查。
空格处用名词作宾语,此处表示“银行对这起抢劫案进行了自己的调查”,空格处意为“调查”,名词是investigation,此处是一次调查,因此空格处用单数,故填investigation。
23. Your behaviour is in direct ________(contradict) to the principles you claim to stick to.
【答案】contradiction
【详解】考查名词。
句意:你的行为与你声称坚持的原则完全矛盾。
分析句子,设空处应该填写名词作宾语。
contradict的名词为contradiction,为不可数名词。
故填contradiction。
24. So I e to a ________(conclude) that if you want a great career, you need to mit yourself to something meaningful.
【答案】conclusion
【详解】考查名词。
句意:所以我得出一个结论,如果你想要一个伟大的职业生涯,你需要致力于一些有意义的事情。
空处用于不定冠词a之后,应用名词的单数形式conclusion,作e to的宾语,e to a conclusion 表示“得出结论”。
故填conclusion。
25. On the stage in the hall, my classmates and I answered most of the questions ________(accurate).
【答案】accurately
【详解】考查副词。
句意:在大厅的舞台上,我和同学们准确地回答了大部分问题。
空格处用副词修饰动词answered,accurate的副词是accurately,意为“准确地”,故填accurately。
26. Our pany is ________(mit) to providing highquality products and services to our customers.
【答案】mitted
【详解】考查形容词。
句意:我们公司致力于为客户提供高品质的产品和服务。
根据固定搭配be mitted to 意为“致力于”,可知,此空应填其过去分词形式的形容词。
故填mitted。
27. I found a way to channel that ________(curious) into science and that soon blossomed into engineering.
【答案】curiosity
【详解】考查名词。
句意:我找到了一种将这种好奇心转化为科学的方法,并且它很快就发展成了工程学。
指示代词that后应用名词curiosity(不可数)“好奇心”,作动词channel的宾语。
故填curiosity。
28. They knew that ________(discriminate) was going on, but chose to ignore it.
【答案】discrimination
【详解】考查名词。
句意:他们知道歧视正在发生,但选择忽略它。
空处应填名词作宾语从句的主语,discrimination“歧视”符合题意,不可数。
故填discrimination。
29. Though ________(advertise) are of great help, I don’t think we should pletely rely on them.
【答案】advertisements
【详解】考查名词的数。
句意:尽管广告有很大帮助,但我认为我们不应该完全依赖它们。
分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要名词advertisement,意为“广告”,作主语,谓语是系动词are,主语用复数形式。
故填advertisements。
30. While going shopping, we usually can’t avoid being persuaded ________(buy) things we actually don’t need. 【答案】to buy
【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:当我们去购物的时候,我们通常无法避免被说服去买我们实际上不需要的东西。
此处考查固定搭配:persuade sb. to do意为“说服某人做某事”,句中使用了其被动语态be persuaded to do...。
故填to buy。
31. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being persuaded ________ buying something they don’t really
need.
【答案】into
【详解】考查介词。
句意:在购物时,人们有时会忍不住被说服去买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。
sb. be persuaded into doing sth.“某人被劝说做某事”。
故填into。
32. Personal examples are encouraged because they are easy to tell and more ________(persuade).
【答案】persuasive
【详解】考查形容词。
句意:鼓励使用个人例子,因为他们很容易讲出来,而且更有说服力。
分析句子结构可知,and连接的并列句中缺表语,故空处需填形容词,persuade作动词,表示“说服”,形容词persuasive 表示“有说服力的”,符合句意。
故填persuasive。
33. Doctor Li persuaded me ________(give) up smoking and she also persuaded me into ________(take) up sports to keep fit.
【答案】to give;taking
【详解】考查固定用法和非谓语。
句意:李医生劝我戒烟,她还劝我锻炼身体。
persuade sb. to do sth.以及persuade sb. into doing sth.都是意为“说服某人做某事”。
故填to give;taking。
34. The talented girl has an excellent ________(memorize) for names, which helps her quite a lot in her work.
【答案】memory
【详解】考查名词。
句意:这个才华横溢的女孩对名字有很好的记忆力,这对她的工作帮助很大。
此处应用名词memory作宾语,由an可知,应用单数,故填memory。
35. As is often the case, outdoor advertising can be more ________(memorize) than indoor advertising.
【答案】memorable
【详解】考查形容词。
句意:通常情况下,户外广告比室内广告更令人难忘。
根据句意可知,此处填动词memorize“记忆”的形容词形式memorable“难忘的”,作表语。
故填memorable。
36. It ________(be) possible but not easy to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830.
【答案】had been
【详解】考查时态。
句意:在1830年以前,买一份报纸是可能的,但并不容易。
根据句子时间状语before 1830 可知,此处表动作发生在“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时态。
故填had been。
37. He ________(roll) up his jeans, apparently waiting in the pond.
【答案】had rolled
【详解】考查时态。
句意:他卷起了牛仔裤,显然是在池塘里等着。
roll up (卷起)作谓语,与其逻辑主语He之间是主动关系,结合句意推知,本句讲述过去的事情,而“卷起了牛仔裤”应该是发生在“在池塘里等”这一动作之前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时态。
故填had rolled。
38. James said, “I took the book home with me.”
→James said that he ________(take) the book home with him.
【答案】had taken
【详解】考查时态。
句意:詹姆斯说他把书带回家了。
从句表示过去的过去应用过去完成时。
故填had taken。
39. By the time we arrived, everyone ________(receive) medical care.
【答案】had received
【详解】考查时态。
句意:当我们到达的时候,所有人都已经接受过医疗护理。
所给动词receive在主句中作谓语,根据时间状语“By the time we arrived”可知,得到救护是在到达“arrived”之前,应使用过去完成时。
故填had received。
40. Since the city ________(undergo) too much pollution, citizens undertook to reduce carbon emissions.
【答案】had undergone
【详解】考查时态。
句意:由于城市污染严重,市民承诺减少碳排放。
此处在since引导的原因状语从句中作谓语,主句undertook 用的是一般过去时,根据句意可知,从句描述的是过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作,应用过去完成时,故填had undergone。
二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)
1. It takes a variety of work to ________(发布) news to the public than you can imagine.
2. The ________(尖叫) from the little girl frightened the poor dog.
3. The leader sent his assistant to ________(调查) whether their products sold well.
4. If the truth ________(相矛盾) what he said in court,he will be punished.
5. The government has given top ________(优先事项) to reforming the tax system.
6. The chairman's speech will be ________(播送) nationwide on New Year's Eve.
7. The project is ________(赞助) by the largest pany of agricultural products.
8. The achievement you have made will ________(使增长) your sense of success.
9. The little boy ________(目击) a passer-by help a cleaner sweep the snow on the road.
10. I felt lucky that I bought the book at a ________(折扣).
【答案】
1. release
2. scream
3. investigate
4. contradicts
5. priority
6. broadcast
7. sponsored
8. boost
9. witnessed 10. discount
三、完成句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1. 他怎么会没有得到奖学金呢?
How did it ________________ that he didn’t get the scholarship?
2. 例如,如果你发现一个员工在偷窃,你会怎么做?
What would you do, ________________, if you found a member of staff stealing?
3. 恶劣的天气导致假日周末数十次航班取消。
Bad weather has caused ________________ flight cancellations over the holiday weekend.
4. 在采访曝光之前,我们根本不知道有虐待行为发生。
We had no idea that there was abuse going on until the interview ________________.
5. 尽管她们是双胞胎姐妹,她们在很多方面都不一样。
Twin sisters as they are, they ________________ each other in many aspects.
6. 尽管声音很低,他还是成功地把自己的想法表达了出来。
Despite his low voice,he succeeded in ________________ his ideas ________________.
7. 数以千计的新城镇在火车站周围拔地而起。
Thousands of new towns are seen to ________________ around railroad stations.
8. 我在网上买了很多东西,但与此同时,我的债务不断增加。
I have bought lots of items online,but meanwhile, my debts keep ________________.
9. 毫无疑问,新摘的花会使房子里的任何一个房间都明亮起来。
There is no doubt that newlypicked flowers will ________________ any room in the house.
10. 下次当你花太多时间在网上的时候,你应该意识到这是一个坏的行为。
(the next time)
________________________________, you should realize it is bad behavior.
11. 我正要给你写信,突然收到你的电子邮件询问如何适应你的新学校生活。
(be about to do...when...)
I ________________________________ I received your email asking how to adapt yourself to your new school life.
12. 他还没来得及说一句话,那女孩就不见了。
(过去完成时)
The girl ________________________________ he could utter a single word.
13. 由于交通堵塞,我上班迟到了,我的许多同事也因此迟到了。
(so +be+主语)
Trapped in a traffic jam, I was late for work, and ________________________________.
14. 这是我给你的建议。
首先,你应该友好并乐意帮助那些需要帮助的人,这是明智的。
(It is advisable that...) Here are my suggestions for you. First of all, ________________________________.
15. 此外,即使你面临困难,也要保持乐观,这将帮助你变得更强大。
(even if/though)
Besides, ________________________________, which will help you bee stronger.
16. 得知你被你理想的大学录取,我写信祝贺你。
(现在分词作状语)
________________________________, I am writing to congratulate you.
17. 你总是全身心地投入学习。
这就是为什么你可以完美地实现你的梦想。
(that’s why…)
You are always mitted to your study heart and soul. ________________________________.
18. 你不仅实现了自己的梦想,还为我们树立了一个好榜样。
(not only...but also...)
Not only ________________________________, but you have also set a good example to us.
19. 我本打算把这个好消息告诉迈克,但发现他不在家。
(过去完成时)
I ________________ to tell Mike the good news,but I found that he wasn’t at home.
20. 从你的故事中我们可以得出一个结论:你越努力,就会越成功。
(the more… the more…)
We can conclude from your story that ________________________________.
【答案】
1. e about
2. for instance
3. dozens of
4. brought it to light
5. differ from
6. getting; across
7. spring up 8. mounting up 9. brighten up
10. The next time you spend too much unhealthy time online
11. was about to write to you when
12. had disappeared in a flash before
13. so were many of my colleagues
14. it is advisable that you should be friendly and willing to help those in need
15. keep optimistic even if/though you are faced with difficulties
16. Knowing that you are admitted to your ideal university
17. This is why you can perfectly fulfill your dream
18. have you achieved your dream
19. had meant
20. the harder you work, the more successful you will be。