2021高三英语二轮复习板块二语篇理解题专题一阅读理解4明辨词义猜测题

2021高三英语二轮复习板块二语篇理解题专题一阅
读理解4明辨词义猜测题
A
(2021·甘肃重点中学协作体联考) Usually，when your teacher asks a question，there is only one correct answer.But there is one question that has millions of current answers.That question is “What's your name？” Everyone gives a different answer，but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about people's names？Where do they come from？What do they mean?
People's first names，or given names，are chosen by their parents.Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other members of the family is used.Some parents choose the name of a well－known person.A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things.Clara means “bright”；Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”；Donald means “the world ruler”；Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long，paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from people's occupations.The most common occupational name is Smith，which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals.In the past，smiths were very important workers in every town and village.Some other occupational names are：Carter—a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter—a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village.The Carpenter's great－great－great－grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin，or their size，or their special abilities.When there were two men who were named John in the same village，the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray.Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman.John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name.English －speaking people added －s or －son.The Johnsons are descendants of John; the
Roberts family's ancestor was Robert.Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O．Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
语篇解读：一些人的名字来源于名人，有的人的名字跟他们住的地点有关，还有的跟他们祖先从事的职业有关。

甚至我们还能从名字上明白一个人头发的颜色、身高特点等。

1．Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?
A．Places where people lived.
B．People's characters.
C．Talents that people possessed.
D．People's occupations.
[解析] 考查推理判定。

依照第三段中的“The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names”可知文中提到了A项；依照第四段中的“Sometimes people were known...special abilities”可知文中提到了C项；依照第三段中的“Other e arly surnames came from people's occupations”可知文中也提到了D项。

B选项说人们的名字来源于性格，那个没有说到。

故选B。

[答案] B
2．According to the passage，the ancestors of the Potter family most probably ________.
A．owned or drove a cart
B．made things with metals
C．made kitchen tools or containers
D．built houses and furniture
[解析] 考查推理判定。

依照第三段中的“Potter—a person who made pots and pans”可知，Potter那个姓的人是制作锅碗瓢盆的。

由此我们推测Potter那个家族的祖先也许是制作厨房的工具或容器的。

故选C。

[答案] C
3．Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their newborn son to become a world leader，the baby might be named ________.
A．Beatrice Smith B．Leonard Carter
C．George Longstreet D．Donald Greenwood
[解析] 考查细节明白得。

依照文章第二段中的“Donald means ‘the world ruler’”和第三段中的“The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest”可知，那个小孩的名字可能是Donald Greenwood。

故选D。

[答案] D
4．What's the meaning of the underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph?
A．Later generations.
B．Friends and relatives.
C．Colleagues and partners.
D．Later sponsors.
[解析] 考查词义推测。

依照最后一段的前两句话可知，有些人的名字是在他们父亲的名字上加上一些东西，如Johnsons是John的后代。

由此能够推测出descendant的意思是“后代”。

故选A。

[答案] A
B
(2021·辽宁铁岭市高三协作体联考) “BANG！” the door caused a reverberation (回声)．It was just standing there，with my father standing on one side，and me on the other side.
We were both in great anger.“Never set foot in this house again！” stormed my father.With tears welling up in my eyes，I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.
The street lights were shining，causing rather sad feelings.I wandered aimlessly.
A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me.I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.
But now...I don't know whether it is because I have grown up or because my dad is getting old.We differ in our ways of thinking.We are just like two people coming from two different worlds.It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.
I wandered the streets，without a destination in mind.My_heart_was_frozen_on_this_hot_summer_night. As I walked on，there were fewer and fewer people in the streets，until I had only the street lights to keep me company.When I finally reached the high－rise apartment block in which I lived，I saw that the light was still on.
I thought to myself：“Is my father waiting for me，or is he still angry with me？”
In fact，it was nothing.Perhaps，my dad was throwing away some of his old stamps.Perhaps he thought they were useless.I never had the courage to tell him that
I liked collecting stamps.All the lights were off except my father's.
Dad was always like this.Maybe he didn't know how to express himself.After shouting at me，he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret.
This was how he always was.He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.
The l ight was still on.“Am I wrong？” I whispered，maybe...With the key in my hand，I was as nervous as I had ever been.At last，I decided to open the door.As soon as I opened the door，tears ran down my cheeks.I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all.Love—it's second to none.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，作者和爸爸吵架离家后，爸爸一直为深夜未归的作者亮着灯，最后作者意识到爱是第一位的。

5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The author fully understood why he and his father had different thinking.
B．The author and his father lacked communication.
C．The author's father didn't approve of his stamp collecting.
D．The author's father opened the door for him when he came back.
[解析] 细节明白得题。

依照第五段中的“We are just like two people coming from two different worlds.It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.”可知，作者和爸爸之间像是有一扇从未打开的铁门，由此可见他们之间缺少沟通，故B项正确。

[答案] B
6．According to the author，why did his father often shout at him?
A．Perhaps the father was getting older and older.
B．Perhaps the father had been used to doing that.
C．Perhaps the son had already grown up.
D．Perhaps they never agreed with each other.
[解析] 细节明白得题。

依照倒数第二段中的“This was how he always was.He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.”可知，告诉别人做什么差不多成了一直当领导的爸爸的翌日性，由此可见，爸爸差不多适应了对他大喊大叫，故B项正确。

[答案] B
7．What did the author mean by the underlined sentence “My heart was frozen on this hot summer night”？
A．He felt lonely because there were so few people on the street.
B．He felt uncomfortable because it was a very hot night.
C．He was at a loss because he had nowhere to go.
D．He was completely disappointed with his father.
[解析] 句意明白得题。

依照画线句前的“I wandered the streets，without a destination in mind.”可知，和爸爸吵架后，作者在街上漫无目的地走着，可见作者对爸爸的做法败兴透顶，故D项正确。

[答案] D
8．What was the author's attitude towards his father at the end of the story?
A．He was frustrated with his father.
B．He loved his father.
C．He was afraid of his father.
D．He was dissatisfied with his father.
[解析] 推理判定题。

依照文章最后的“I sudden ly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all.Love—it's second to none.”可知，最后作者意识到爱是第一位的，故B项正确。

[答案] B。