近年高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题12 阅读理解 第3讲 主旨大意题(一)对点特训(2

（通用版）2017高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题12 阅读理解第3讲主旨大意题（一）对点特训
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第3讲主旨大意题(一）
主旨大意题（一)
A
（2016·江西上饶高三二模）Computers and keyboards replace rock－climbing and nature walks at one summer camp。

Campfire songs under the stars become jokes about software and programming(程序） language in dimly－lit(光线暗的） computer rooms. Forget swimming or hiking。

These “campers” spend hours learning how to create iPhone applications， designing video games, and making friends with their fellow gamers。

“It's a fun way to prepare you for going into the industry. You don't have to be a nerd(书呆子)，” said Ed Rayburn， 16， of Winston－Salem, U．S。

Technology－driven summer camps are growing in size and popularity in the U．S.ID Tech Camps, the California company that runs the program in Chapel Hill, says about 2,000 new campers joined this summer， boosting its overall(全部的) enrollment（入学人数） to 20,000 nationally。

The company rents classrooms on college campuses，such as Harvard, MIT and UNC－Chapel Hill。

The weeklong camp is not cheap。

It costs $1，300 for students who stay overnight and $800 for day students. But parents say they are willing to pay the high price to see their children learn about cutting－edge technology instead of sleeping away their summers.
This is the fifth summer Amy Rayburn has sent her son to the camp. This year，she spent nearly ＄3,000 to let him go for two weeks in a row.
“It is really worth it”，she said. “It gives him an academic and intellectual （智力的) way of channeling(引导） his interest。

"
When the company started 13 years ago, technology summer camps were not common. Now there’s a gap（空白) in the market for them， according to Karen Thurm Safran, the company's vice president of marketing。

The iPhone application class， she says，is in high demand.
Ed Rayburn says the best part of the ID camp is that he can be with other people
who are well－versed(熟练的） in gaming culture。

“It’s like being in a school where everyone is friend，” he said.
体裁：说明文题材：文化教育主题:科技夏令营
语篇导读：计算机和键盘代替了攀岩和野外行走，电脑房里的软件和程序语言代替了星光下的篝火。

一种新型的夏令营正在美国开始流行,这就是科技夏令营。

1．What is the main idea of the article?
A．Different summer camps in the U．S.
B．The development of nerd culture in the U．S。

C．The popularity of technology summer camps in the U．S.
D．U。

S。

teenagers' growing interest in video games。

【解析】C主旨大意题。

文章在第一段和第二段通过一些现象和个人的表述引出了科技夏令营的概念,而后在第三段提出这种夏令营在美国越来越受欢迎。

后面的文章都是通过数字和评论介绍科技夏令营受欢迎的程度。

由此可见,本文的主旨大意是美国科技夏令营的流行，故选C项。

【状元点拨·方法】如何做主旨大意题
(1)如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。

（2）找准文章的主题句，运用主题句定位法，重点放在首句、尾句、首段和尾段。

首先关注一些转折连词，如:but， yet, however, in fact等，这些词后面常常是一段话的主题；其次是关注一些总结性的词，如：in brief/short, above all， after all， all in all, conclusion, in a word等,这些词后面通常也是一段话的主题句。

（3)无明显主题句时抓高频信息词，抓住反复出现的中心词，就抓住了文章的中心。

（4）主旨大意是根据对文章意思的全面理解而归纳出来的，不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全.
2．How is a technology－driven summer camp different from other kinds of camps？
A．The campers spend hours outdoors hiking and swimming.
B．The campers learn to program and design software。

C．The campers are organized into groups to compete in playing video games。

D．The campers can meet friends who share their interests.
【解析】B细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句可知，在科技夏令营中，这些学员学习如何创建iPhone应用、设计游戏等。

这是与其他夏令营不同的地方，故选B项.根据第一段前两句的描述可知，科技夏令营不是在户外的,排除A项；根据最后一段内容可知，参加夏令营
的是一些精通电玩文化的人，不是参加比赛,排除C项；根据第六段内容可知，这个夏令营是在用学术知识引导孩子的兴趣，而不是侧重与有共同爱好的人在一起，排除D项。

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A．The ID camps mostly take place off campus.
B．There are a total of 3,000 campers at the ID camps this year.
C．The ID camps were started by a Californian company a decade ago。

D．There is huge market potential for technology summer camps。

【解析】D细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句的…rents classrooms on college campuses…可知A项错；根据第三段第二句…about 2，000 new campers joined this summer…可知B项错；根据倒数第二段第一句关键词…13 years ago…可知C项错；根据倒数第二段第二句可知，现在这个市场还有空间，由此可以推断，科技夏令营有很大的市场潜力，故选D项。

4．What does Ed Rayburn in particular get out of the ID camp?
A．It has boosted his self－confidence。

B．It enables him to improve his academic performance.
C．It teaches him how to turn his interest into a career.
D．It enables him to be with those who are into gaming。

【解析】D推理判断题。

根据最后一段埃德·雷伯恩所说内容可知，他最喜欢科技夏令营的地方是可以和那些精通电玩文化的人在一起,就像在一个人人都是朋友的学校，故选D 项。

B
Maurice Mountain is a retired lawyer in Washington。

He developed a prototype(样品) for a device called the Presto Emergency Boat Ladder。

His invention is a small folding ladder attached to the side of a boat to help people who fall into the water。

Maurice plans to mass－produce his boat ladder。

He created his invention at a workshop called TechShop. Members of TechShop use high－tech equipment to develop and produce ideas they have for inventions. Maurice says TechShop permits people to turn their dreams into reality. “I think it encourages inovation. I think people who probably have had ideas rolling around in their minds for years but have never had the opportunity to actually put them into production or even experiment with them would find this place wonderful."
Isabella Musachio， who manages a TechShop in Virginia， says，“TechShop is a do－it－yourself maker space and manufacture studio. So when you come in, you will find a metal shop, a wood shop, a plastic slab， laser cutters， 3D printers， electronics, and textiles。

I mean， we have so many different areas and we have all the equipment that is available to anybody above the age of 12。

You can really come in with just an idea, and then with the help of TechShop make that leap from an idea to building your project or even your business.” Membership costs for TechShop start at just over ＄100 per month。

Members are able to use costly machines.
Jim Newton, who is the founder of TechShop， first introduced the idea for the technology workshop at an arts and sciences event called Maker Faire in San Mateo, California in 2006. His idea attracted hundreds of members during that event。

Now, there are eight TechShop locations in the U．S。

In all, there are more than 6,000 members。

Jim Newton has plans for two more TechShop locations in the cities of St。

Louis and Los Angeles。

体裁:说明文题材：介绍说明主题：TechShop店
语篇导读：本文介绍在名为“TechShop”的店里，人们用先进设备完善自己的想法，并最终将它变成现实。

5．It can be inferred from the passage that________。

A．TechShop seldom permits people to make their dreams in it
B．Presto Emergency Boat Ladder is invented in a TechShop in San Francisco
C．the ides of TechShop was first introduced by Jim Newton but not attractive D．members of TechShop are allowed to use expensive laser cutters and 3D printers 【解析】D推理判断题。

根据文章第三段最后两句可知，缴纳会费成为会员便可以使用店里昂贵的机器，故选D项。

A项中seldom(几乎不），B项中San Francisco以及C项中not attractive与原文不符。

6．If you want to produce your ideas for inventions， you can________.
A．find a wonderful place and experiment with your ideas completely
B．tell your ideas to the owner who manages a TechShop and ask for help
C．apply for membership of TechShop and put them into reality by yourseIf
D．use different kinds of equipment， including costly machines in a TechShop for
free
【解析】C细节理解题。

根据文章第三段中的TechShop is a do－it－yourself maker space（TechShop是一个自己动手的制作空间)以及Membership costs for TechShop start at just over $100 per month（TechShop会员费起步价仅需每月100美元)可知，申请成为TechShop 的会员,便可利用其高昂设备亲自将这些想法实现变成现实，故选C项。

7．What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph？
A．Brief introduction of Jim Newton.
B．Locations of TechShop in the U．S。

C．Origin and development of TechShop.
D．Development of TechShop over the world.
【解析】C主旨大意题。

根据文章最后一段中的人物以及first， 2006, Now， plans 四词可知，该段介绍了TechShop的创始人、发展情况和拓展计划，C项(TechShop的起源与发展)符合本段主题。

8．Which can be the best title of the passage?
A．TechShop-Assistant of Your Life
B．Build Your Dreams in TechShop
C．Great Inventions in TechShop
D．Members of TechShop and Inventions
【解析】B主旨大意题。

根据原文内容可知，本文介绍了名为“TechShop"的连锁店，人们利用店里的先进设备完善自己的想法，并最终将它变为现实，实现自己的梦想,故B项“TechShop成就你的梦想”符合文章大意。

C
More and more Chinese are jogging to get and stay fit。

Most joggers will run alone, but some will jog with friends or even coaches. Many parks in the cities are packed with runners in the evening, after work or at weekends。

Jogging after a whole day’s work can be a way to relax. It is true for He Lin，whose workplace is right near the park。

She discovered her athletic talent at the age of seven when she began playing tennis. Then she turned to jogging， and she has persevered with it for 10 years。

She says she prefers jogging alone, for she can focus better。

She loves jogging, even during the rainy days。

For those who are not so athletic, jogging also has its attractions。

Wu Zhibin started roughly two years ago when he was severely obese. Within two months, his weight dropped from 82 kilograms to 64 kilograms。

The success helped him recover health，and he has made a girlfriend.
But persevering with jogging is not always easy。

Jogging is beneficial for heart －lung function and the skeletal system, but doctors say improper technique damages the joints, especially the knees and ankles. “Poor technique harms the muscles and skeleton， and can cause secondary injuries。

And, jogging in a bad environment can cause circulation problems，” said Dr。

Lu, Sports Hospital, General Administration of Sports。

Dr.Lu has some tips for joggers， and those who are thinking of taking it up. He says people should first evaluate their physical condition to decide the amount and type of exercise， and jogging in the open air is better than running on a treadmill(跑步机）. It is recommended to jog three or four times a week and 30 to 60 minutes each time。

The best time to jog is around 4 p．m。

～5 p．m.
体裁:说明文题材：社会文化主题：慢跑运动
语篇导读：慢跑运动在中国越来越受欢迎，本文介绍了慢跑的益处，并给出了如何合理进行健康慢跑的建议。

9．What do we learn about jogging from the text？
A．It is an athletic talent。

B．It is a way for relaxation.
C．It is required by doctors。

D．It is suitable for everyone。

【解析】B推理判断题.根据文章第二段第一句可知，慢跑是一种在工作之余放松的方式，故选B项。

10．How did jogging influence Wu Zhibin's life？
A．He became obese.
B．He recovered from obesity.
C．He met an athletic girlfriend.
D．He kept his weight in balance.
【解析】B细节理解题。

根据文章第三段最后一句可知，慢跑让他恢复健康并交上了女朋友,故选B项。

11．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？
A．Disadvantages of jogging.
B．Persevering with jogging is a hard course。

C．Improper technique damages human’s body。

D．Benefits of jogging and matters needing attention.
【解析】B主旨大意题。

根据文章第四段第一句以及第二句中but后的damages the joints可知，慢跑有益，但也有可能带来伤害。

B项（坚持慢跑是一个艰难的过程)符合文意，故选B项。

【误区诊断】本题考生易误选A项“慢跑的缺点"，原因在于原文的damage the joints 以及cause secondary injuries等描述慢跑可能带来的伤害。

但是根据文章的内容，这些伤害的前提是improper technique以及a bed environment等慢跑者自身技巧不当或者糟糕的运动环境,而非慢跑本身的缺陷.
12．According to Dr。

Lu, before taking up jogging, people ________。

A．should know well about this exercise
B．are more willing to jog in the open air
C．had better consider their mental condition
D．should have three or four times a week for jogging
【解析】A细节理解题。

根据文章第五段第二句可知,考虑选择慢跑的人应该首先评估一下自己的身体状况再决定锻炼的强度和类型。

A项(充分了解这项锻炼)符合文意，故选A项。