初三英语revision (ii) 外研社知识精讲

初三英语Revision (II) 外研社
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Revision (II)
二. 重点难点：
熟练准确地掌握本模块的词和短语
三. 语法：
关于插入语的用法精讲
插入语在句中主要是用来表示说话人对某事物的看法、态度和推测。

有时起到解释、说明的作用，有时表示总结，有时可以用来引起对方的注意和思考。

总之，插入语用法很多，在句子中的位置比较灵活，在学习中应当认真去体会。

大体而言，插入语可以分为以下几类。

1. 用简短的句子结构做插入语。

这类短语有I think , I hope ,I guess , I believe , I suppose , I wonder, I tell you, I say, I’m afraid , I’m sure , you see ,you know , as you know ,that is ,that is to say ,what’s more. 等等，它们可以置于句中或句尾。

如：This diet , I think , will do good to your health.
2. 副词或副词短语用作插入语，这类插入语一般放在句首或句尾。

如：
Happily for him ,his father ‘s second wife was kind to him too.
You’ll be able to pass the coming exam ,surely.
3. 介词或介词短语做插入语，这类插入语一般放在句首，有时也可放在句中。

如：Like most of my schoolmates ,I have neither brothers nor sisters—in other words, I’m the only child.
By the way , Bob sends his best wishes.
4. 分词短语作插入语。

如；
Judging from your accent ,you must be from England.
Generally speaking ,he is the best student in our class.
⒌不定式短语做插入语。

如：
To tell you the truth, I don’t want to see her.
四. 词和短语
1. protect…from…保护……免遭
2. modern technology 现代技术
3. rice-fish farming 稻鱼共同作业
4. this type of farming 这种类型的农业
5. on the same piece of land 在同一块田里
6. be filled with 充满
7. fish eggs 鱼卵
8. be planted into these fields 被种到这些田里
9. get rid of the grass 锄草
10. set up the farms 建立农场
11. refer to 指……
12. by hand 手工制作
13. the roofs of houses 房顶
14. the main source of food 事物的主要来源
15. shade people from the sun 遮住人们以避开阳光
16. make the umbrella water-proof 使雨伞防水
17. use wax and a type of paint to make the rain fall off the umbrella
用蜡和一种漆来使雨从雨伞上淌下来
18. the things in the distance 远距离的东西
19. things close to people 离人们近的事物
20. the first bandage to stick on the body 第一个粘在身上的绑带
21. stay awake 保持一直醒着
22. come over to my house 到我家来
23. rice stalks 稻梗
24. the airships flying direction 飞艇的飞行方向
25. be made from silk 由丝绸制成
26. revise for the History test 为历史测试复习
27. feel sleepy 感到困了
28. do any revision 复习
29. stop each other from falling asleep 阻止彼此入睡
30. the birth of Jesus Christ 耶稣基督的生日
31. the Bishop of Rome 罗马主教
32. celebrate Christmas 庆祝圣诞节
33. a two-day holiday 一个2天的暑假
34. one of the main traditions 两个主要的传统之一
35. the giving of presents 礼物的赠送
36. be named after 以……命名
37. enter their house through the chimneys 从屋顶的烟囱里钻进他们的房子里
38. on Christmas Eve 在圣诞前夜
39. at Christmas 在圣诞节期间
40. decorate a Christmas tree 装饰圣诞树
41. underneath the tree 在树下
42. get together 聚在一起
43. Boxing Day 节礼节
44. visit their relatives 拜访亲属
45. carry out their test 进行测试
46. as little noise as possible 尽可能没有噪音
47. in groups of four 4人一组
48. mix up 混合在一起
49. solve the word puzzles 解决字谜
50. as short a time as possible 尽可能短的时间
五. 重点句式的讲解与分析。

1. Then they are lain out in the sun today [P125-Part4]
[拓展]lie 的用法
2. Rice stalks are made into baskets, mats and shoes. 稻梗被制成篮子，席子和鞋。

[拓展]make的短语: be made of / be made from / be made up of / be made into / be made in [试一试]用be made up, be made in, be made from, be made up of 的短语填空
(1) Even a child knows that paper is _______ wood.
(2) Most of our T-shirts are _______ cotton.
(3) The ads say this brand of washing machine is_________ China.
(4)The volunteer team is ___________ five members and two female members.
3. The first bandage to stick on the body was invented around 1920. [P126-Part1]
最初的贴于身体的创可贴约于1920年被发明。

[拓展]stick的用法 1. vt. 粘
2. n. 粘性the glue with plenty of stick
如: He stuck the stamp on the envelop. 他把邮票粘在信封上。

注意: sticky adj. 粘的sticky hand 黏黏的手
[拓展]invent v. inventor n. 发明家invention n. 发明
4. Glasses to help people see things in the distance were not invented until the fifteenth century.
帮助人们看清远处物品的眼镜直到15世纪才发明出来.
in the distance 意思是“在远处”not…until…意思是“直到……才”。

【not…until】的三种句型：
⑴一般式：not与until分开，until 放在句子的后面。

例如：
He did not go until midnight. 他直到午夜才走。

⑵倒装式：not until 连在一起用,且放在句首,整个句子都要倒装. 例如:
Not until quite recently did I have an idea what a guided missile was like.
直到现在我才知道导弹是什么样子。

⑶强调式:用于It is + not until +that…的句型中. 例如：
It was not until the next day that I learned the truth. 到第二天我才听说事情的真相。

5. This type of farming is where rice is grown and fish are farmed on the same piece of land.
这种类型的农业就是水稻种植和鱼类养殖在同一块土地上的结合。

[P124-Part1] [拓展]grow的用法: ⑴vi. 生长. 成长. Everything begins to grow in spring.
⑵vi. 增长,发展The city is growing fast.
⑶连续动词变It’s growing dark.
⑷vt. 种植,养Let’s grow some flowers.
Phrases: grow up 长大grow into 成为She has grown into a beautiful girl.
[试一试]（1）The rice plants have grown too tall for them.
（2）The fish eat the grass that grows in the field instead.
（3）Most rice are grown in wet fields.
6. Unit 4 定语从句[集中讲]
⑴Christmas is a festival which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. 圣诞节是庆祝耶稣基督诞生的日子。

⑵December 25th was chosen by the Bishop of Rome to be the day when Jesus Christ was born.
12月25日被罗马主教选订为耶稣基督诞生的日子。

⑶There are lots of different ways that people celebrate Christmas .
有许多人们庆祝圣诞节的不同方式。

⑷Santa Claus is named after a saint who secretly gave presents to poor people.
圣诞老人是一个偷偷地给穷人礼物的圣人。

7. So he sometimes entered their house through the chimneys in their roofs.
⑴[拓展]sometimes some times some time sometime 的用法
some(一些)+time(时间)
经典例句：I’ll go to Japan sometime next week. 下个星期的某个时间我会去日本。

考点聚焦：词语辨析：sometimes,sometime,some times, some time .
①sometimes 是副词，意为“有时”，通常用于一般现在时态，如：
Jack sometimes goes to school late. 杰克有时上学迟到。

②sometime 是副词，意为“某时”，通常用于一般将来时态，如：
Will you have a chance to go abroad sometime next year?
明年某个时候你有机会出国吗？
③some times 名词短语，表示“一些次数”。

如：
My father has been to Japan some times. 我爸爸已经去过日本好多次了。

④some time 名词短语，表示“一段时间”。

如：
I have stayed in China for some time. 我已经在中国待了一段时间了。

活学活用：用sometime, sometimes ,some time ,some times 选择填空。

①Little Tom gets up very late.
②We’ll go to England next month.
③Tom’s father has been to America .
④I have been in the country for .
⑵[拓展]through与across的区别
cross ,across, over和through均有“穿过”之意，但它们的侧重点有所不同。

怎样“穿过”有讲究
①cross（动词）和across（介词）的含义与on有关，表示某一动作是在某一物体的表面“横过”，强调从一端到另一端，如：
Don’t cross the street now. =Don’t go cross the street now. 现在不要过街道。

②over表示从有一定坡度的某物上面“越过；跨过”，如：
Walk over the bridge,and you’ll find the big shop. 走过这座桥，你就会发现那个大商店了。

③through的含义与in有关，表示从立体空间的内部穿过，如：
They went through the forest quickly. 他们迅速地穿过了森林。

The sunlight shines into the room through a small hole. 阳光从一个小孔照进屋里。

此外，through也可以用于表示时间，有“自始至终”的意思，如：
Farmers used to stay at home without doing anything through the winter.
农民过去整个冬天都呆在家里，不干活。

⑶[拓展] roofs 与以f结尾的名词变复数+s 的有:
领袖证明海湾有暗礁
chief proof gulf reef
农奴相信屋顶有手绢
serf belief roof handkerchief
【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
1. My grandpa lives __________, but he doesn’t feel ___________.
A. alone, alone
B. alone, lonely
C. lonely, lonely
D. lonely, alone
2. If you can’t go there tomorrow, I _______ go there, ________.
A. won’t , too
B. won’t , either
C. don’t , too
D. don’t , either
3. I thought _______ very important to take exercise every day.
A. it
B. this
C. that
4. ——I’ll take my driving test tomorrow morning. ——________!
A. cheers
B. congratulations
C. Good luck
5. ——Mr. Zhou, I have trouble _________ the passage.
——Remember _______ it three times at least.
A. to understand, reading
B. understanding, reading
C. understanding, to read
6. ——_____ free education, the poor children in our hometown can go to school.
——So can the poor children in our hometown.
A. Instead of
B. Thanks for
C. Thanks to
D. As a result
7. ——Could you tell me which room he ____? ——Sorry, I don’t know , either. You can ring him up.
A. lives
B. lives in
C. lived in
8. All the workers were very tired, but ____ of them would take a rest.
A. all
B. neither
C. none
9. I will go to see a film if my homework_______.
A. will do
B. is done
C. will be done
10. They will _____ help , friendship and kindness for us.
A. offer
B. provide
C. afford
11. The rest of my school life _____ going to be sad and miserable.
A. be
B. were
C. was
12. A boy , who I didn’t know , went _____ the seats and passed _______.
A. through, mine
B. across , mine
C. into, me
13. The young boy is brave. He has nothing ________.
A. afraid of
B. to be afraid
C. to be afraid of
14. We often hear the little girl _______ in the room.
A. singing
B. sing
C. to sing
15. Do you know if _____ a basketball match on TV this evening?
A. will there be
B. is there
C. there is going to be
16. My father wrote me a letter ________harder.
A. encourage me studying
B. encourage me to study
C. to encourage me studying
D. to encourage me to study
17. ——How did he finish the work?
——I hear that he did it_______.
A. in the own
B. on his own
C. of the own
D. all the own
18. _______ the English teacher , I am better and better at English now.
A. Because
B. Thanks to
C. With the help
D. As for
19. Old people must_______.
A. look after well
B. be looked well after
C. looked well after
D. be booked after well
20. The workers were made _____ more than twelve hours every day in old days.
A. working
B. to work
C. worked
21. I’m afraid of ______, so I don’t want to live in a tall building.
A. high
B. higher
C. heights
22. I’m very happy ,because I have ________ something I am ________.
A. managed to do, afraid to do
B. managed doing, afraid of doing
C. tried to do, afraid to do
D. tried doing, afraid of doing
23. ——Did you succeed in climbing the top of the mountain?
——Yes, I _______.
A. made it
B. failed
C. kept it
24. We cooked our lunch _______ an open fire.
A. on
B. in
C. above
25. I have a fever, so the doctor gave me some medicine _____ that.
A. of
B. for
C. with
26. I’m ________ man.
A. quite a shy
B. a quite shy
C. quite shy
27. He made me fell less nervous __________ at the camp.
A. at being
B. about being
C. of being
28. I found ____ very difficult to put up the tent as I ________ it before.
A. that, have never done
B. it, had never done
C. it , have never done
29. Mike divided us _______ tow groups , each group sat __________ a circle.
A. in, in
B. into, on
C. into, in
30. How much are they ________?
A. at all
B. above all
C. in total
31. ——I’d like to borrow a book. It’s name is chicken, Run.
——let me find it on the computer . Here it is. It ______ Kate has got it.
A. says
B. is said
C. has said
D. was said
32. I went to Qingdao with my parents _______ last week.
A. sometime
B. sometimes
C. some time
D. some times
33. we have classes every day ______ Sunday.
A. except
B. beside
C. besides
D. for
34. The Bank of China Tower is made _______ steel and glass.
A. by
B. with
C. in
D. of
35. —— Do you know who designed the Bank of China Tower?
——Yes. It __________ by I. M. Pei.
A. has designed
B. designed
C. was designed
D. designs
36. Everyone except the twins _____ there when the film was on.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
37. ——Jack has made great progress recently.
——______, and__________.
A. So he has, so you have
B. So he has, so have you
C. So has he, so have you
D. So has he, so you have
38. _____ of the students in our class can work out this problem.
A. Fourth fives
B. Four five
C. Four fifths
D. Fourth fifth
39. He used to ______ very late, but now he is used to ______ early.
A. get up, getting up
B. gets up, get up
C. get up, get up
D. getting up, get up
40. The temple was used ____ a place for people to show their love ___ the goddess Artemis.
A. as, for
B. to, as
C. for, to
D. as, to
41. The Gardens were said______ on the east bank of the River Euphrates.
A. to locate
B. locating
C. to be located
D. to locating
42. _____ the Gardens existed or not, they will forever be known ____ one of the Severn Wonders of the world.
A. If, as
B. Whether, as
C. Weather, for
D. Whether, for
43. He said in_________ “ You May be ______ to know the __________ result. ”
A. surprised, surprised, surprising
B. surprises, surprised, surprising
C. surprise, surprised, surprising
[参考答案］
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