【教案】优秀教案定语从句

【关键字】教案
定语从句（复习课）
一、热点考点回顾
一、基本概念
（一）定语从句
在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

（二）先行词
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。

但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。

（三）关系代词和关系副词
定语从句的引导词。

与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。

关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。

关系副词有：when, where和why。

在定语从句中充当状语。

（四）分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1，限制性定语从句：用来修饰和限制先行词，是复合句中不可缺少的组成部分。

若将它去掉，先行词的意思就不明确，主句也不完整。

Eg: I know the girl that attened the party. 我知道参加聚会的那个女孩。

I met someone who said he knew you. 我遇到一个说认识你的人。

He came from a family which was very poor. 他来自一个贫穷的家庭。

2，非限制性定语从句：对先行词的附加说明，说若省去也不影响主句的意思，它和主句之间常用逗号隔开。

Eg: His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他的妈妈很爱他，对他很严格。

China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 成立于1949年的中国变得越来越强大。

二、关系代词的用法
（一）基本用法
根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。

例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）
① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）
② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）
③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）
④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）
⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。

（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况
which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用，但在有些情况下，只用that。

⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。

① This is the best that has been used against pollution.
② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.
⑵先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。

① This is the last place (that) I want to visit.
② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.
⑶先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。

① You should hand in all that you have.
② We haven’t got much that we can offer you.
⑷先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。

① The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
② The little money (that) he had was stolen.
（三）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况
⑴先行词是one, ones, anyone时。

① One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
② Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.
⑵先行词是those时。

① Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.
（四）其它情况
⑴先行词既有人又有物时。

① Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
② The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.
⑵主句已有疑问词who 或which时。

① Which is the bike that you lost?
② Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?
（五）与whose有关的问题
⑴ whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。

① I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
② Please show me the book whos e cover is red.
⑵当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。

① The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.
→ The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或
→ The building, of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.
三、介词前提的问题
关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。

Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now? （which作介词with 的宾语）
→Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now?
但是，要注意的是：
⑴介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。

⑵介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。

⑶有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。

①错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?
正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking ? 或Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to?
②错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.
正确：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of.
四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。

①Who is the guy that is reading over there?
②The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over
25,000.
③All that needs to be done has been done.
④He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.
⑤Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.
例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。

例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。

五、that与which, who, whom的用法区别：
二、典型例题
1. We went through a period ___communications were very difficult in rural areas. (2008上海)
A. which
B. whose
C. in which
D. with which
2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007重庆)
A. with which
B. to which
C. of which
D. for which
3. Animals suffered at the hands of Man ______ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. (2008江西)
A. in which
B. for which
C. so that
D. in that
4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home. (2008浙江)
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. one
5. You can only be sure of _____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of
something _____ you might get in the future. (2007安徽)
A. that; what
B. what; /
C. which; that
D. /; that
6. Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t. (2006北京)
A. who, /
B. /; who
C. who, who
D. /; /
7. The Beatles _____ many of you are old enough to remember
came from Livepool.(2006)
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. as
8. In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006上海)
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. what
9. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she
was, she had run back in the direction ________ she had come.（2006 重庆卷）
A. of which
B. by which
C. in which
D. from which
10. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair. (2006福
建)
A. whose
B. which
C. of which
D. that
Key : 1-5 CBDAB 6-10 CDCDA
三、课堂练习
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which
B. where
C. what
D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
7.Great changes have taken place in the factory ____we are working since then.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year
B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year
D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked
B. which you talked
C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A.with which
B.in which
C.on which
D.by which
11. – Mom, what did your doctor say?
－He advised me to live ____ the air is fresher. (2006四川)
A. in where
B. in which
C. the place where
D. where
12. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs
______ they are being trained. (2005江西)
A. in that
B. for that
C. in which
D. for which
13. The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great
success. (2004全国)
A. for which
B. at which
C. in which
D. on which
14. George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
(2004全国)
A. the real name
B. what his real name
C. his real name
D. whose real name
15. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are
sold abroad. (2004辽宁)
A. of which
B. which of
C. of them
D. of that
Key: 1-5 ACDCA 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 DDCDA
四、课后作业
1. If I had had enough time, I___ my work.
A. would finish
B. must have finished
C. would have finished
D. had finished
2.Ten minutes earlier, they ___ the plane.
A. will catch
B. would catch
C. would have caught
D. will have caught
3. Mr Green requires that the students ___ a composition every other week.
A. write
B. written
C. would write
D. will write
4.Had he studied hard, he___ the exam.
A. would pass
B. could pass
C. had passed
D. would have
passed
5.I wish I ___ what is happening there in his room.
A. know
B. known
C. knew
D. should know
6.It is important that you ___ sports every day.
A. have
B. would have
C. must have
D. will have
7.If there were no water in the world, everything ___.
A. will die
B. would die
C. would have died
D. would have been dead
8. ___ what was going to happen, I would never have left her alone.
A. Had I known
B. If I know
C. If I knew
D. If had I known
9.He ordered that the work ___ right away.
A. should finish
B. finished
C. would be finished
D. be finished
10.—Shall we go to the movie tonight?
—No, I'd rather ___ at home with our baby. You'd better not leave it to the babysitter at night.
A. you stayed
B. you stay
C. stayed
D. stay Key: 1-5 CCADC6-10 ABADA
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20 各题所给的 4 个选项中选出最佳选项。

Entering the drama room I am immediately surrounded by the familiar sights, smells and sounds. Streaks(条纹，线条) of light cast by the blinds of the tall ___1___ send shafts(杆状物) of light through the dusty air. I take a ___2___ and the concrete and paint ___3___ tickle my nose. I ___4___ everything about this room.
Some of the ___5___ times of my life have been spent here. It’s ironic(讽刺的), but the ___6___ is the only place where I feel that I don’t have to ___7___ to be someone I’m not. Like many teenagers, I almost ___8___ think that people are judging me, but when I act, that feeling disappears. People only look at your
___9___ ability, not your clothing, money, choice of friends, or any of the other ways people are usually ___10___.
When I’m on stage, everything else vanishes(消失). All the worries and ___11___ of the outside world are put on hold. Nervousness is still present, ___12___ it’s the excited and tingly kind, not the queasy(不稳定的) ___13___ of being different and alone.
I ___14___ love to work backstage and on lighting. I ___15___ you could find another girl who would work on a ladder ___16___ her elbows in cables and dust and love every second of it. It makes me unique and gives me a sense of ___17___ to know that I succeed in an area where ___18___ others—and virtually(事实上) no girls—do.
High school is a difficult atmosphere, to put it ___19___. Like others, I’m often insecure(不安的), not ___20___ who I am or where I’m going in life. Wherever that may be, I will always have the confidence I get from theater.
1. A. doors B. windows C. roofs D. walls
2. A. last look B. long walk C. short breath D. deep breath
3. A. smells B. tastes C. sounds D. looks
4. A. hate B. love C. miss D. forget
5. A. worst B. tiring C. best D. better
6. A. room B. office C. building D. stage
7. A. pretend B. expect C. want D. decide
8. A. hardly B. seriously C. constantly D. happily
9. A. acting B. speaking C. moving D. repeating
10. A. thought of B. judged C. taken care of D. feeling
11. A. happiness B. anxieties C. chances D. pressures
12. A. and B. however C. but D. though
13. A. feeling B. idea C. hope D. fact
14. A. seldom B. almost C. relatively D. absolutely
15. A. hope B. doubt C. think D. suspect
16. A. up for B. out at C. up to D. down to
17. A. pride B. duty C. humor D. sight
18. A. few B. many C. a few D. some
19. A. cruelly B. tensely C. friendly D. mildly
20. A. fond of B. afraid for C. sure of D. interested in
【答案与解析】
1. B 句意为“阳光透过高大的窗户上的百叶窗，照射到空气中的灰尘里，被分割成条状的光束”。

故答案选B。

2. D take a deep breath 意为“深呼吸”，与下空有关。

3. A 只有“气味”刺鼻(tickle my nose)，首句有提示。

4. B 纵观下文和全文主题句(尾句)可知答案选B。

miss 意为“想念”，作者已在现场，故不妥。

5. C 根据上下文语境和上空可知答案应选C。

(from )
6. D 根据首句中的the drama room 和第3 段中的when I’m on stage 可知答案应选D。

7. A 舞台是假装(演戏)的地方，此处是转折句，故答案选A。

8. C 句意为“像很多年轻人一样，我不停地想到人们在评判我，但是当我演出时，这种感觉没有了”。

but之后是时间状语，故其前也应是时间副词，故答案选C。

9. A 根据上文的when I act 可知答案应选A。

10. B 根据前文的提示people are judging me 可知答案选B。

11. D 句意为“我所担心的和来自外界的压力都被制止了”，故答案选D。

12.C / 13. A 这是一个意义上发生转折的并列分句。

句意为“紧张是肯定的，但是也很刺激，很让人兴奋，不是那种与众不同的孤单的感觉”。

14. D relatively 意为“相对地，比较地”，absolutely 意为“绝对地，完全地”。

根据下文可知应选D。

句意为“我非常喜欢在后台工作，还有上台表演”。

15. B doubt 表示“怀疑其无”，suspect 表示“怀疑其有”。

句意为“我估计没有别的女孩愿意在满是绳索和灰尘的梯子上工作，而我却非常喜欢”。

故答案选B。

16.C elbow 意为“肘”。

be up to the elbow in 意为“埋头于，专心于”，out at elbows 意为“衣衫褴褛的；贫困的”。

故答案选C。

17. A / 18. A 句意为“我能够在一个很少有人(尤其女孩)能胜任的领域里很成功，这让我觉得自己很独特，让我很自豪”。

故答案选A。

19. D cruelly 意为“残忍地”，tensely 意为“紧张地”，friendly 意为“友好的”，mildly 意为“温柔地”。

故答案选D。

20. C 句意为“跟其他人一样，我也经常觉得不安，不知道我是谁，不知道将来会发生什么”。

故答案选C。

Museums have changed．They are no longer places that one “should”go but to enjoy．
At a science museum in Canada，you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body．At the Children’s Museum in New York，you can play an African drum．There are no “Do Not T ouc h” sing in some other museum in the USA．
More and more museum directors have realized that people learn best when they can become part of what they are seeing．In many science museums，the visitors are encouraged to touch，listen，operate and experiment so as to discover scientific rules for themselves．
The purpose is not only to provide fun，but also help people feel at home in the world 0f science．If peopl e don’t understand scien ce，they will be afraid of it；and if they are afraid of science，they will not make the best use of it．
One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and spare time．Another cause is the growing number of young people in the population．Many of them are college students of college graduates．They see things in a new and different way．They want art that they can take part in．The same is true of science and history．The old museums have been changing and the government is encouraging the building of new，modern museums．In the States and Canada，there are more than 6000 museums，almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago.
1．The directors of the museums have realized .
A．the importance of scientific rules B．people 1earn best when they look at something
C．Visitors prefer to learn from museums D．people are interested if they take part 2．why has the growing population of young people caused the changes in museums? A．Because there are more young people．B．Because they are stronger．C．Because they have less spare time．D．Because they are better educated．3．Twenty-five years ago there were only about museums in all the United States and Canada．
A．3500 B．2000 C．3000 D．6000
4．Which of the following is not shown in Paragraph Two?
A．People should go to a museum to learn something．
B．People are encouraged to take part in what they are seeing．
C．People are enjoying themselves fully in modern museums．
D.People will understand science better by trying to discover the scientific rules themselves．
the chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a 1ong time ago-and decided it’s not f or you．
The chances are equally good that you know a 1ot of smokers there are，after all about 60 million of them，work with them，play with them，and get along with them very well．
And final ly it’s a pretty safe bet that y ou’re open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and non-smokers or you wo uldn’t be rea ding this And those three things make you really important today．
Because they mean that yours is the voice-not the smoker’s，and not the anti-smoker’s-that will determin e how much of society’s efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together．
For one sad result of the emphasis(强调)on building walls is the different uses of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which，when all is said and done，still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker．0ne famous health organization to cite(引用)but a single instance，now spends 98
cents of every publicly contributed dollar on “education”，much of it in antismoking propaganda(宣传)and only 2cents on research．
There will always be some who want to build walls，who want to separate people from people and to a certain degree，even these many serve society．The anti-smoking wall-builders have，fairly speaking，helped to know choices more clearly．But our guess，and certainly our hope，is that you are among the far greater number who know that wall s can’t stand 1ong，and over the long run，we can serve society’s interests better by tolerating one another and by worki ng together．Whatever advantage walls may have，they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions．People who work together on common problems，common solutions can．
5．What is the implied meaning of the word “wall”in the passage?
A．Anti-smoking propaganda．B．Diseases striking non-smokers as well as smokers．
C．Rules to forbid smoking．D．Separation of smokers from non-smokers．6.Which of the following statements is true about the millions of publicly- contributed dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases striking non-smokers as well as smokers?
A．It is a sad result．B．It emphasizes on building walls．
C．It is too muc h on“education”．D．It is enough on research．
7．From the passage we can infer that ．
A．most of the adults(grown-ups)are in favour of smoking
B．the majority of the adults are non-smokers
C．many walls will be built to separate the smokers and non-smokers
D．smoking as a social problem has 1ong been discussed．argued and researched 8.According to the ending paragraph，the writer looks on anti-smoking wall-builders
．
A．cheerfully B．sadly C．encouragingly D．doubtfully
Key: DDCB DCDD
假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，下面四幅图描述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事，请根据图片的先后顺序，为校刊"英语园地"写一篇短文，词数不少于60。

Last Monday, we were having our Chinese class when the teacher suddenly sli pped and fell. We were all worried about her. One of the boys carried her on the back, with the help of some others, to the clinic immediately. It turned o ut that her right leg was broken and she had to stay in the hospital. The follo wing day, we went to visit her with flower and fruit. Seeing her lying in bed with leg wrapped in bandages, we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon. This Thursday she returned to the class on a wheelchair to giv e us lessons. We were all deeply moved and proud of having such a responsib le teacher.
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