剑三9单元后语法汇总
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kāi)"而遗憾。) • try to(努力)与try +–ing (试验): • ①You really must try to overcome your shyness. • ②Try practicing five hours a day.
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名词(míng cí)后缀
• 动词(dòngcí)变名词小结
enjoy -- enjoyment, practise -- practice， dedicate -- education，
•
organize -- organization, donate -- donation,
appreciate -- appreciation，operate --
operation, invite -- invitation B. discuss -- discussion, invent -- invention, attract --
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补充(bǔchōng)：不定式其他用法
2） 动词+疑问词+ 不定式 Decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see,
wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们(wǒ men)如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my
surf -- surfing, paint – painting
• 3.在词尾加ion 或去e加ion:
A. decide -- decision, describe -- description, produce --
production,
celebrate -- celebration, pronounce -- pronunciation, decorate --
entrance, fly -- flight,
rob -- robbery, discover -- discovery，fail -- failure, appear --
• 1.在词尾加er,r ,双写加er 或or:
• A. play -- player, sing --singer, wait -- waiter , find -- finder, thrill -- thriller
• B. write --writer, drive -- driver, come -- comer, explore -- explorer dance -- dancer
mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意：疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 3)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定
式置于补语之后，即：主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如： We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. I find it difficult to learn English well.
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V+ gerund
• 有些词后面只能接动名词 • acknowledge; admit; advise; advocate; allow; appreciate; avoid;
celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand… • 5) 另外还有一些(yīxiē)接-ing形式的常用说法 • it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point…
①）。当主语是 aim, duty, hope, idea, mistake, plan, purpose, suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导 的名词性分句（例③），不定 式说明主语的内容。 • ④Our work is serving the people. • ⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper. • ⑥The story told by Mr. Wang is interesting. • ④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving the people is our work,而⑥句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性 质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作 表语还应与进行时态区别开来。
attraction impress -- impression, inject -- injection, instruct – instruction
• 4.其它die -- death, succeed -- success, weigh -- weight, sit -- seat, change -- chance，enter --
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• 不定式作表语表示具体动作(dòngzuò)或将来动作(dòngzuò)； 动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
• ①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. • ②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. • ③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. • 当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例
班车。 • I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅(jǐnjǐn)是向你
告别。 • （2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 • What have I said to make you angry. • He searched the room only to find nothing. • （3) 表原因 • I'm glad to see you. • 典型例题 • The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. • A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on • 答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的
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V+ infinitive / gerund
• 6) 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可 • remember, forget, try, stop, go on, continue, stop, regret, cease, mean后面均可
用不定式和-ing形式，但意义截然不容。 • 例: • remember to do/doing: • ①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作) • ②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作) • forget与remember的用法类似。 • regret的用法: • ①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……) • ②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了"二十年前的离开(lí
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• （1）目的状语 • To… only to (仅仅(jǐnjǐn)为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)…
as to… (如此……以便……) • He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一
• C. run -- runner, win -- winner, rob -- robber, travel -- traveller D. visit -- visitor, invent – inventor
• 2. 在词尾加 -ing: build -- building, draw -- drawing, end -- ending, begin -- beginning, swim -swimming， skate -- skating, feel -- feeling, say -- saying, mean -- meaning, cross -- crossing，
decoration graduate -- graduation, frustrate - frustration, pollute -- pollution contribute --
contribution, congratulate -- congratulation,
：
know -- knowledge, please -- pleasure,
V+infinitives
1) 以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语 afford （付得起），agree（同意），aim(力求做到)，appear（显得），arrange（安
排），ask（要求），attempt （试图），care（想要），choose（决定），claim （声称），condesห้องสมุดไป่ตู้end（屈尊），consent（准许），decide（决定），demand （要求），determine（决心），endeavour（竭力），expect（期待），fail（未 履行），help（帮助），hesitate（犹豫），hope（希望），learn（学会）， manage（设法(shèfǎ)），neglect（疏忽），offer（主动提出），plan（计划）， prepare（准备），pretend（假装），proceed（接着做），promise（答应）， prove（证明），refuse（拒绝），resolve（解决），seem（觉得好像），swear （发誓），tend（往往会），threaten（预示），undertake（承诺），volunteer （自愿做），vow（发誓），want（想要），wish（希望） 举例： The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
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名词(míng cí)后缀
• 动词(dòngcí)变名词小结
enjoy -- enjoyment, practise -- practice， dedicate -- education，
•
organize -- organization, donate -- donation,
appreciate -- appreciation，operate --
operation, invite -- invitation B. discuss -- discussion, invent -- invention, attract --
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补充(bǔchōng)：不定式其他用法
2） 动词+疑问词+ 不定式 Decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see,
wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们(wǒ men)如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my
surf -- surfing, paint – painting
• 3.在词尾加ion 或去e加ion:
A. decide -- decision, describe -- description, produce --
production,
celebrate -- celebration, pronounce -- pronunciation, decorate --
entrance, fly -- flight,
rob -- robbery, discover -- discovery，fail -- failure, appear --
• 1.在词尾加er,r ,双写加er 或or:
• A. play -- player, sing --singer, wait -- waiter , find -- finder, thrill -- thriller
• B. write --writer, drive -- driver, come -- comer, explore -- explorer dance -- dancer
mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意：疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 3)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定
式置于补语之后，即：主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如： We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. I find it difficult to learn English well.
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V+ gerund
• 有些词后面只能接动名词 • acknowledge; admit; advise; advocate; allow; appreciate; avoid;
celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand… • 5) 另外还有一些(yīxiē)接-ing形式的常用说法 • it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point…
①）。当主语是 aim, duty, hope, idea, mistake, plan, purpose, suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导 的名词性分句（例③），不定 式说明主语的内容。 • ④Our work is serving the people. • ⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper. • ⑥The story told by Mr. Wang is interesting. • ④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving the people is our work,而⑥句中是现在分词作表语，说明主语的性 质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作 表语还应与进行时态区别开来。
attraction impress -- impression, inject -- injection, instruct – instruction
• 4.其它die -- death, succeed -- success, weigh -- weight, sit -- seat, change -- chance，enter --
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• 不定式作表语表示具体动作(dòngzuò)或将来动作(dòngzuò)； 动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
• ①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. • ②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. • ③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. • 当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例
班车。 • I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅(jǐnjǐn)是向你
告别。 • （2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 • What have I said to make you angry. • He searched the room only to find nothing. • （3) 表原因 • I'm glad to see you. • 典型例题 • The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. • A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on • 答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的
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V+ infinitive / gerund
• 6) 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可 • remember, forget, try, stop, go on, continue, stop, regret, cease, mean后面均可
用不定式和-ing形式，但意义截然不容。 • 例: • remember to do/doing: • ①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作) • ②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作) • forget与remember的用法类似。 • regret的用法: • ①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……) • ②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了"二十年前的离开(lí
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• （1）目的状语 • To… only to (仅仅(jǐnjǐn)为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)…
as to… (如此……以便……) • He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一
• C. run -- runner, win -- winner, rob -- robber, travel -- traveller D. visit -- visitor, invent – inventor
• 2. 在词尾加 -ing: build -- building, draw -- drawing, end -- ending, begin -- beginning, swim -swimming， skate -- skating, feel -- feeling, say -- saying, mean -- meaning, cross -- crossing，
decoration graduate -- graduation, frustrate - frustration, pollute -- pollution contribute --
contribution, congratulate -- congratulation,
：
know -- knowledge, please -- pleasure,
V+infinitives
1) 以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语 afford （付得起），agree（同意），aim(力求做到)，appear（显得），arrange（安
排），ask（要求），attempt （试图），care（想要），choose（决定），claim （声称），condesห้องสมุดไป่ตู้end（屈尊），consent（准许），decide（决定），demand （要求），determine（决心），endeavour（竭力），expect（期待），fail（未 履行），help（帮助），hesitate（犹豫），hope（希望），learn（学会）， manage（设法(shèfǎ)），neglect（疏忽），offer（主动提出），plan（计划）， prepare（准备），pretend（假装），proceed（接着做），promise（答应）， prove（证明），refuse（拒绝），resolve（解决），seem（觉得好像），swear （发誓），tend（往往会），threaten（预示），undertake（承诺），volunteer （自愿做），vow（发誓），want（想要），wish（希望） 举例： The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。