冷凝集试验和酶联免疫吸附试验对呼吸道肺炎支原体IgM抗体检测的评价

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冷凝集试验和酶联免疫吸附试验对呼吸道肺炎支原体IgM抗体检测
的评价
目的评价冷凝集试验和酶联免疫吸附试验对诊断呼吸道肺炎支原体IgM 抗体感染的临床价值。

方法收集我院呼吸内科2012年12月~2013年10月共计100份诊断为呼吸道肺炎支原体感染患者的痰液标本。

比较①酶联免疫吸附试验与冷凝集试验的真阳性、假阳性、真阴性及假阴性。

②酶联免疫吸附试验与冷凝集试验敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性拟然比和阴性拟然比。

结果酶联免疫吸附试验的真阳性、假阳性、真阴性及假阴性分别为95%、3%、97%、5%,冷凝集试验的真阳性、假阳性、真阴性及假阴性分别为43%、39%、61%、57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

酶联免疫吸附试验和冷凝集试验敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性拟然比和阴性拟然比分别为95%、97%、96%、96.9%、95.1%、31.7%、0.05%及43%、61%、52%、52.4%、51.7%、1.1%、0.93%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论本研究认为酶联免疫吸附试验对呼吸道肺炎支原体IgM抗体敏感性、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性拟然比均明显高于冷凝集试验。

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the clinical value of cold agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis of respiratory tract mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody infection. Methods A total of 100 sputum samples of the patients diagnosed with respiratory tract mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in the respiratory medicine department of our hospital were collected. ①The true positive,false positive,true negative and false negative rates of cold agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were compared. ②The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of cold agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were compared. Results The true positive,false positive,true negative and false negative rates of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were 95%,3%,97% and 5% respectively and those of the cold agglutination test were 43%,39%,61% and 57% respectively,with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and cold agglutination test were 95%,97%,96%,96.9%,95.1%,31.7%,0.05% and 43%,61%,52%,52.4%,51.7%,1.1%,0.93%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has obviously higher sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and positive likelihood ratio to respiratory tract mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody than cold agglutination test.
[Key words] Cold agglutination test;Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;Respiratory tract mycoplasma pneumoniae;IgM antibody
支原体是一类介于细菌与病毒之间、无细胞壁的微生物,易受环境变化而破坏,有研究统计[1]在确诊的肺炎病例中,由肺炎支原体引起的肺炎占15%~20%,支原体通过飞沫传入呼吸道,粘附上皮细胞表面神经氨酸受体上,但支原体还可通过血行感染全身任何器官组织。

支原体好发于晚秋,但无明显的季节性[2]。

人群对支原体普遍易感,学龄儿童由于呼吸系统发育不全,非常容易感染支原体,但近几年疾病谱变化,成人感染支原体的比例逐步增高,因此,快速检测支原体对临床诊断有重要意义[3]。

目前支原体感染的常用实验室检查手段为冷凝集试验、酶联免疫吸附试验、PCR技术。

但是由于PCR技术设备昂贵,且需要专业的技术人才,因此PCR法在临床中使用较少,均可呈阳性反应,对治疗无指导意义。

因此本研究的目的为评价冷凝集试验和酶联免疫吸附试验对诊断呼吸道肺炎支原体IgM抗体感染的临床价值。

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