宾语从句是主从复合句的一种主从复合句是由一个主句和一
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A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
7） Jim doesn’t understand __B_____. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping
Example: ----Has Tom been here ? ----No. I don’t know if hewill come (come)here . ----I will call (call)you if he comes (come).
注意：
When表“当……时”时，是状语从句。
-- I’ll show you.
3 – I am not sure when / whether Tony will come or not.
-- No, he isn’t. 4 – I want to know how long / old
he is. -- He is ten years old.
→现在完成时Fra bibliotek→一般过去时
→
过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时
→
过去将来时
三、宾语从句注意事项
(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
8） I want to know__D_______. A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is
9） Could you tell me _C______ the bike this morning?
（ travel ） faster than sound.
3. Tom says that Mary _w_e_n_t (go) abroad last year and
_h_a_s_b__ee_n__ (be) there for nearly 5 months.
1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态
7. Can you tell me __w_h_e_r_e__h_e__is____. （他在哪儿） 8. Could you tell meh_o_w__I__c_a_n_g__e_t _t_o_t_h_e__s_ta_t_io. n（我该怎么去车站） 9. Would you tell me w__h_y_t_h_e__t_ra_i_n__is_l_a_t_e（为什么火车迟到了）
A that B if C which D where
2) He hasn’t decided ___C___ . A how to do B when to do C what to do D what to do it
3) John didn’t tell us ＿＿B ＿ in 2005． A where did he live B where he lived C where he lives D where does he lives
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
1. The radio says it __w_i_ll_b_e___ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything __g_o_e_s_ well. (go)
He agreed that he could help me with my English.
→ He agreed to help me with my English. 他答应帮我学习英语。
Exercises :
1) Alice wanted to know __B___ her grandmother liked the boy.
当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
练习：
1 – Please tell me if / why you want to come to my party.
-- I’d love to come. Thanks ! 2 – I don’t know how / why he did it.
在口语当中往往省略
e.g. 1. I hear (that) __h_e_w_i_l_l _b_e_b_a_c_k_i_n_a_n__h_o_u_r _. （一小时后他会回来）
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接 副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
o’clock.
9 – Can you tell me how/ when Sally is playing?
-- Yes. At ten o’clock, I think. 10 –I’ve heard that / who our team
won the match. Is it true? -- Yes, it is. Isn’t it wonderful!
如：
I don’t believe he can work out the maths problem.
我认为他做不出那道数学题。 I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他
不对，是吧？
（三）If 的用法
1) if :如果, 引导条件状语从句. If it is rainy tomorrow, we won’t
我不知道下一步我应当怎么做。
2. 当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch, find等 词时，其后that从句常简化为“宾语+动词 原形/ 动词的-ing形式”。
I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now.
7 – Can I ask you if /why you like living here?
-- Because everyone is so friendly. 8 – Do you know when / what the
next English club is? -- Yes, it’s on Thursday, at five
Can you tell me who is over there?
（二）
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，且主句主 语为第一人称且谓语动词是think/ believe/ suppose/ guess等时，一般将否 定词not转移到主句的谓语中，这种现象 叫“否定的前移”。但翻译时，仍否定 从句。并且变反意疑问句时，反意部分 时态和人称与从句的时态和人称一致。
二、宾语从句三要素：
连 接词
语
序
时态
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when
引导的宾语从句
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句
注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
二、语序
宾语从句要用陈述语序，即：连接词+主 语+谓语+其他。
考点3． 时态问题
1. He said that he will go to the station.
.
would
2. Our physics teacher once told us that light _t_r_a_v_e_l_s___
l主句的动词用过去时从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态f2主句的动词用过去时从句表示客观事实格言谚语等从句谓l语动词用一般现在时总结x3主句的动词用一般现在时从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态归纳
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个 成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中 充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的 从句在全句中作宾语。
4) ----- What did your teacher say just now ? ----- He asked me__B__ this morning . A how did Tom come to school. B when Tom got to school C why was Tom late for school D what Tom does
表“何时；什么时候时”是宾语从句。
四、宾语从句与简单句的相互转化
宾语从句在一定的条件下，可以转化为简 单句。
1. 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，主句主 语与从句主语一致时，可以变为“疑问 词+不定式”的复合结构。 I don’t know how I should do it next. → I don’t know how to do it next.
A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend
10） You can’t imagine ____B____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
→ I saw some boys playing basketball on the
playground just now.
我刚才看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。
3. 当主句谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等时， 主句主语或宾语与从句主语一致时，后以 that引导的宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。
2）主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等 ，从句谓
语动词用一般现在时
总结 3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态
归纳：
时态的变化：
主句的谓语动词是一般过去时， 从句的谓语动词在时态方 面作相应的变化。主句是现在时,从句用需要的任何时态.
一般现在时
→
一般过去时
现在进行时
have a picnic by the river. 注: 在状语从句中如果主句是将来时，那
么从句用一般现在时表将来。
2) If :是否，引导宾语从句。 He wondered if he could win the prize in the competition.
3) If 在宾语从句和状语从句中混 合使用
5) The teacher told us that the earth __B_ around the sun. A moved B moves C was moving D has moved
如主句是过去时, 遇到客观真理时从句仍然用现在时。
6）Do you know __C_____ during the coming summer holiday?
5 – Do you know if / where the orchestra will play?
-- Yes, in the concert hall in town. 6 – Can you tell me that / who sings
this song?. -- Yes, it’s Robbie Williams.
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
e.g. 2. Ask him w__h_e_th_e_r_(_if_)_h_e__c_an__c_o_m_e__. （他是否能来） 3. I don’t know _w__h_e_th_e_r_i_t _is__g_o_in_g__to__ra_i_n_o_r_n_o_t_.（是否要下雨）
7） Jim doesn’t understand __B_____. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping
Example: ----Has Tom been here ? ----No. I don’t know if hewill come (come)here . ----I will call (call)you if he comes (come).
注意：
When表“当……时”时，是状语从句。
-- I’ll show you.
3 – I am not sure when / whether Tony will come or not.
-- No, he isn’t. 4 – I want to know how long / old
he is. -- He is ten years old.
→现在完成时Fra bibliotek→一般过去时
→
过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时
→
过去将来时
三、宾语从句注意事项
(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
8） I want to know__D_______. A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is
9） Could you tell me _C______ the bike this morning?
（ travel ） faster than sound.
3. Tom says that Mary _w_e_n_t (go) abroad last year and
_h_a_s_b__ee_n__ (be) there for nearly 5 months.
1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态
7. Can you tell me __w_h_e_r_e__h_e__is____. （他在哪儿） 8. Could you tell meh_o_w__I__c_a_n_g__e_t _t_o_t_h_e__s_ta_t_io. n（我该怎么去车站） 9. Would you tell me w__h_y_t_h_e__t_ra_i_n__is_l_a_t_e（为什么火车迟到了）
A that B if C which D where
2) He hasn’t decided ___C___ . A how to do B when to do C what to do D what to do it
3) John didn’t tell us ＿＿B ＿ in 2005． A where did he live B where he lived C where he lives D where does he lives
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
1. The radio says it __w_i_ll_b_e___ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2. The headmaster hopes everything __g_o_e_s_ well. (go)
He agreed that he could help me with my English.
→ He agreed to help me with my English. 他答应帮我学习英语。
Exercises :
1) Alice wanted to know __B___ her grandmother liked the boy.
当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
练习：
1 – Please tell me if / why you want to come to my party.
-- I’d love to come. Thanks ! 2 – I don’t know how / why he did it.
在口语当中往往省略
e.g. 1. I hear (that) __h_e_w_i_l_l _b_e_b_a_c_k_i_n_a_n__h_o_u_r _. （一小时后他会回来）
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接 副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
o’clock.
9 – Can you tell me how/ when Sally is playing?
-- Yes. At ten o’clock, I think. 10 –I’ve heard that / who our team
won the match. Is it true? -- Yes, it is. Isn’t it wonderful!
如：
I don’t believe he can work out the maths problem.
我认为他做不出那道数学题。 I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他
不对，是吧？
（三）If 的用法
1) if :如果, 引导条件状语从句. If it is rainy tomorrow, we won’t
我不知道下一步我应当怎么做。
2. 当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch, find等 词时，其后that从句常简化为“宾语+动词 原形/ 动词的-ing形式”。
I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now.
7 – Can I ask you if /why you like living here?
-- Because everyone is so friendly. 8 – Do you know when / what the
next English club is? -- Yes, it’s on Thursday, at five
Can you tell me who is over there?
（二）
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，且主句主 语为第一人称且谓语动词是think/ believe/ suppose/ guess等时，一般将否 定词not转移到主句的谓语中，这种现象 叫“否定的前移”。但翻译时，仍否定 从句。并且变反意疑问句时，反意部分 时态和人称与从句的时态和人称一致。
二、宾语从句三要素：
连 接词
语
序
时态
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when
引导的宾语从句
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句
注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，
二、语序
宾语从句要用陈述语序，即：连接词+主 语+谓语+其他。
考点3． 时态问题
1. He said that he will go to the station.
.
would
2. Our physics teacher once told us that light _t_r_a_v_e_l_s___
l主句的动词用过去时从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态f2主句的动词用过去时从句表示客观事实格言谚语等从句谓l语动词用一般现在时总结x3主句的动词用一般现在时从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态归纳
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个 成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中 充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的 从句在全句中作宾语。
4) ----- What did your teacher say just now ? ----- He asked me__B__ this morning . A how did Tom come to school. B when Tom got to school C why was Tom late for school D what Tom does
表“何时；什么时候时”是宾语从句。
四、宾语从句与简单句的相互转化
宾语从句在一定的条件下，可以转化为简 单句。
1. 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，主句主 语与从句主语一致时，可以变为“疑问 词+不定式”的复合结构。 I don’t know how I should do it next. → I don’t know how to do it next.
A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend
10） You can’t imagine ____B____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
→ I saw some boys playing basketball on the
playground just now.
我刚才看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。
3. 当主句谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等时， 主句主语或宾语与从句主语一致时，后以 that引导的宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。
2）主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等 ，从句谓
语动词用一般现在时
总结 3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态
归纳：
时态的变化：
主句的谓语动词是一般过去时， 从句的谓语动词在时态方 面作相应的变化。主句是现在时,从句用需要的任何时态.
一般现在时
→
一般过去时
现在进行时
have a picnic by the river. 注: 在状语从句中如果主句是将来时，那
么从句用一般现在时表将来。
2) If :是否，引导宾语从句。 He wondered if he could win the prize in the competition.
3) If 在宾语从句和状语从句中混 合使用
5) The teacher told us that the earth __B_ around the sun. A moved B moves C was moving D has moved
如主句是过去时, 遇到客观真理时从句仍然用现在时。
6）Do you know __C_____ during the coming summer holiday?
5 – Do you know if / where the orchestra will play?
-- Yes, in the concert hall in town. 6 – Can you tell me that / who sings
this song?. -- Yes, it’s Robbie Williams.
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
e.g. 2. Ask him w__h_e_th_e_r_(_if_)_h_e__c_an__c_o_m_e__. （他是否能来） 3. I don’t know _w__h_e_th_e_r_i_t _is__g_o_in_g__to__ra_i_n_o_r_n_o_t_.（是否要下雨）